Venous evaluation ch24&25

what are the lower extremity deep veins

digital, metatarsal, peroneal, tibials,popliteal, gastrocnemius muscular vein, (soleal sinusoids), iliacs, femorals, IVC

what are the superficial veins of lower extremity

saphenous(s), perforators, venous sinuses??,

What do the peroneal veins drain and where does it go?

Lateral leg, takes blood to tibioperoneal trunk

How do the lower leg veins drain

blood travels from the superficial veins through the perforators into the deep veins

Where do the soleal muscles drain

Posterior tibial and peroneal

where does the popliteal vein become the femoral vein?

Adductor Canal/hunters Canal

What is may-thurner syndrome

when the right iliac artery compresses left common iliac vein and may cause DVT

Is the great saphenous vein deep or superficial?

Superficial

What is interstitial pressure

Pressure on venous walls from outside veins

What is transmural pressure

Difference between intraluminal and interstitial pressure

What type of pressure is related to the volume of blood in the vein? (Determines shape, they increase and decrease)

Transmural

What does PGH stand for w/hydrostatic pressure

P-specific gravity; G-acceleration due to gravity; H-distance from the heart

how much do you subtract for hydrostatic pressure if arm is raised over head

-50 mmHg

—% blood is ejected into popliteals w/calf muscle pump

60%

What happens to venous pressure w/competent muscle pump

Venous volume and pressure decrease; venous return to the heart increases

Is normal venous flow above or below baseline

Below

Veins carry —- times more blood than arteries without a pressure increase

3-4x

during rest of leg muscles, what happens to deep venous system pressure

it’s low or absent

what happens to venous pressure during inspiration

Increases intra-abdominal pressure as diaphragm descends, reducing lower extremity flow

what happens to venous pressure during expiration

decrease intra abd pressure, increase from lower extremity

what happens to intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal pressure during valsalva

increases and venous return is suspended (if flow is still heard they may have insufficient valves)

What happens to flow in the portal vein during respiration?

It is minimally phasing, almost no variation

superficial veins are singular without accomp artery

what is cleopatra’s eye

landmark of the great saphenous vein

what muscles make up the calf muscle pump

soleal and gastrocnemius

which veins do not have valves

IVC (has one valve at entrance of right atrium), SVC, iliacs

which veins have 3-6 valves

femorals, popliteal

which veins have the most valves

saphenous, calf

what are the deep veins of the upper extremity

palmer arch (1 of 2), radial, ulnar, brachial, antecubital, axillary, subclavian, innominate/brachiocephalic, SVC

what are the superficial veins of the upper extremity

dorsal digital, basilic, cephalic, medial cubital

what are venae comitantes

paired deep veins that accompany arteries

what forms subclavian vein

axillary and cepahlic

what forms the innominate/brachiocephalic vein

subclavian and internal jugular

where does basilic vein travel

medial forearm to brachial - becomes axillary vein

where does the cephalic vein travel

lateral forearm to axillary to form subclavian

what vein connects the basilic and cephalic veins

medial cubital vein

what is hepatopetal flow

into liver

where do hepatic veins carry blood

from liver to IVC

what is hepatofugal flow

(flee liver) leaving liver

what is a frequent site for thrombosis

soleal sinusoids

what is another name for the internal iliac vein

hypogastric vein

what is largest vein in body

great saphenous vein

What is Scarpas triangle

Landmark for CFV

What is the major difference between veins and arteries?

Histologic composition –tunica media is thinner and veins

What forms the SVC

Junction of innominate veins

What is a Frequent site of thrombus?

Soleal sinusoids

Where are Perforator’s most Prominent

Calf