Non nursing compilation

• Picking theories depend on

concepts, scenarios, different situations and phenomenon you encounter

• can any theory be applied?

yes, as long as it depends on scenario or concepts

• Proponents in non nursing theories

Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, Von Bertalanffy, Kurt Lewin, Erik Erikson

• An American psychologist who studied the needs or motivations of the individual

Abraham Maslow

• What is the process of motivation according to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

hierarchy of needs.

• What are the concepts of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

basic human needs should first be met before higher needs can be approached and met, and as lower needs are met, the person tends to move upward to meet the next higher level of needs.

• What is human motivation?

the arousing and directive force of human behavior.

• What factors affect motivation according to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

the hierarchy of needs.

• What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

the process of motivation that is the hierarchy of needs.

• What is the importance of knowing Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs for nurses?

Knowing Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is important for nurses because it affects decision making and meeting the needs of patients individually.

• What is the struggle that arises if problems occur with lower needs? in abraham maslow’s theory

If problems arise with lower needs, we will struggle with higher needs.

• What motivates individuals to fulfill satisfaction?

by seeking personal growth and change.

• What are physiological needs?

Physiological needs are basic needs that keep the individual alive, such as food, air, shelter, sleep, and sex.

• Why is it important to ensure that a patient meets their basic needs?

It is important to ensure that a patient meets their basic needs to keep them well-rested, warm, and healthy.

• What are safety needs?

Safety needs are the need to avoid pain, obtain bodily comforts, and be free from fear and insecurity. (still basic needs)

• What is the need to belong and to love?

Need to belong and to love includes identification with a group and, need to give and receive affection and love.

• How can nurses make patients feel like they belong?

Nurses can make patients feel like they belong by identifying patients by their names, not their disease, being warm and hospitable

• it is the beginning of higher needs

need to belong and to love

• What are the self-esteem needs?

Self-esteem needs include feeling success and self-worth, competence, and mastery of the environment.

• How can recognition motivate people to work harder?

by wanting people to grow.

• What is the importance of compassion in nursing?

Compassion is important in nursing because when a patient's confidence is low, their motivation to live life would also be low.

• What are cognitive needs?

include the need to increase intelligence, learn, explore, discover, create, understand the world around them, and solve problems.

• What are aesthetic needs?

include the appreciation and search for beauty, balance, and form.

• How should patient care be conducted according to aesthetic needs?

Patient care should be conducted in a personalized manner.

• What are self-actualization needs?

Self-actualization needs include the need to know about ourselves and the world around us, the tendency to be an inner-directed achiever, and realizing personal potential.

• What is the difference between self-actualization and perfection?

Self-actualization is achieving one's potential, while perfection is not achievable.

• What is the meaning of self-actualization?

Realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, peak experiences, and being an inner-directed achiever.

• What is the importance of meeting basic needs before proceeding to self-actualization?

You cannot proceed to self-actualization if your basic needs aren't met. Immediate needs must be addressed first.

• What are the characteristics of human needs?

Universal, deferred depending on the priority, met in different ways, needs are interrelated, unmet needs lead to problem/illness

• Universal

all must meet these needs (equality)

• Deferred depending on priority

deferred to delay and not omit, because you want to prioritize something

• met in different ways

We all have different ways of meeting our needs

• Needs are interrelated

Connected and affect each other

• Unmet needs lead to a problem then illness

Unmet needs will lead to problems in life

• What are the needs of transcendence?

Values that help transcend beyond the personal self, helping others to achieve self-actualization, altruism, spirituality, satisfaction with our needs and sense of social welfare, and being beyond our human consciousness and united with the greater whole, higher truth.

• how many people achieve self actualization

less than 2%

• What is the importance of prioritizing needs?

Prioritizing needs is important because it helps to ensure that the most critical needs are met first, reducing the risk of problems and illness.

• What happens when needs are left unmet?

Unmet needs can lead to problems in life and eventually illness. It's important to address needs to reduce the risk of problems.

• Can you give an example of how needs are interrelated?

A financial crisis can lead to family conflict, which can lead to stress and other health problems.

What is the top priority in nursing care?

The need to maintain life and physical integrity is given top priority in nursing care.

What can the behavior of a client give clues to?

The behavior of the client can give clues to their needs, whether subjective or objective.

Who was Carl Rogers?

Carl Rogers was a humanistic American psychologist who focused on therapeutic relationship and was the first to use the term "client."

What is self-concept?

Self-concept is the most important feature of personality, and it includes all thoughts, feelings, and beliefs people have about themselves.

According to Rogers, what should be agreed upon to facilitate self-actualization?

According to Rogers, there should be agreement on the self-concept to facilitate self-actualization.

What is the ideal self?

The ideal self is the self-image, where you set standards, and with this standard, you compare yourself.

What is the definition of actualization?

The process of realizing or achieving one's full potential.

What is the difference between positive and negative stigma in guidance counseling?

Positive stigma is when peers know about the counseling and view it positively, while negative stigma is when peers view the counseling negatively.

What is the concept behind Carl Rogers' quote, "as no one else can know how we perceive, we are the best experts on ourselves"?

The concept is that individuals are the best experts on their own perceptions and experiences.

How do different circumstances affect recovery time for positive people?

Positive people will recover faster in different circumstances.

Why is patient care subjective?

Patient care is subjective because it is based on individual experiences and perceptions.

What is the client-centered approach in nursing care?

The client-centered approach in nursing care focuses on the role of the client as an important instrument in their own care.

What is the client-centered approach in nursing care?

It is an approach that focuses on the role of the client as an important instrument of the healing process.

What is the role of the mind and body in the healing process according to the client-centered approach?

The setting of mind and body will make a vital role in the speed of recovery and healing of the person.

How does motivation to heal affect the healing process according to the client-centered approach?

Being motivated to heal can make the healing process easier.

What is the role of the nurse-client relationship in the client-centered approach?

The nurse-client relationship should be supportive and nurturing, and the nurse should have a supportive role rather than a directive or expert role.

What is the importance of unconditional positive regard in the client-centered approach?

Unconditional positive regard is important in supporting the self-esteem of the client.

What is genuineness in the client-centered approach?

Genuineness refers to realness, honesty, and sincerity towards the client.

What is authenticity in client-centered therapy?

Realness, honesty, and sincerity towards the client.

What is empathetic understanding in client-centered therapy?

Ability to sense the feelings and meaning from the client and to convey the understanding towards the client.

What did the nurse teach the 45-year-old obese female who came to the health center for consultation?

About the factors that contribute to the development of diabetes and ways to maintain health.

What is Erik H. Erikson known for?

Proponent of the psychosocial developmental theory.

According to Erik H. Erikson, how do people continue to develop throughout life?

Quantitatively, we are the same, but qualitatively different.

What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative development?

Quantitative development refers to physical growth, while qualitative development refers to psychological and social growth.

What is the significance of completing each developmental stage?

Completing each developmental stage is necessary to move forward to the next level of development. Failure to complete a stage can affect an individual's ability to adapt in the next stage.

How does the environment influence an individual's development?

The environment, including where an individual exists and their friends and family, can have a significant impact on their development.

What is the task to be accomplished during the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?

The task to be accomplished during the Trust vs. Mistrust stage is to view the world as safe and reliable and to develop a nurturing, stable, and dependable relationship.

What is the role of a nurse during the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?

As a nurse, the role is to ensure that babies feel safe and build trust, even though communication may be limited.

What is the stage of development where a sense of control and free will is achieved?

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt.

What is the purpose of developing initiative in preschoolers?

To make them understand the purpose of their actions and to develop their consciousness.

What is the stage of development where emerging confidence in one's abilities and taking pleasure in accomplishments occur?

Industry vs. Inferiority.

What is the consequence of correcting toddlers without explanation?

They will experience shame and doubt of their capacity.

What is the stage of development where the beginning of conscience and learning to manage conflict and anxiety occur?

Initiative vs. Guilt.

What is the stage of development where individuals establish a sense of self and belonging?

Identity vs. Role Confusion.

What is the stage of development where young adults form adult, loving relationships and meaningful attachments to others?

Intimacy vs. Isolation.

What is the stage of development where individuals are creative and productive, establishing the next generation?

Generativity vs. Stagnation.

What is the final stage of development where individuals achieve a sense of fulfillment and acceptance of their life?

Ego Integrity vs. Despair.

What is the importance of developing a sense of belongingness with friends?

It helps individuals feel like they belong and prevents bad influences from taking place.

What is the consequence of not developing a sense of identity in school age?

Individuals may feel inferior and not good enough.

What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics?

Inhibition of Na+ and Cl- reabsorption.

How do loop diuretics affect renal excretion of water and Na+?

They increase renal excretion of water and Na+.

What is the capital of France?

Paris.

What is the developmental stage of Ego Integrity vs. Despair?

It is the final stage of development in which a person accepts responsibility for oneself and others and attains wisdom.

What is the importance of nurses being aware of an individual's developmental stage?

Nurses can assist with the development of coping skills related to stressors experienced at that specific level.

What is the role of nurses in strengthening a client's positive resolution of a developmental task?

Nurses can provide the individual with appropriate opportunities and encouragement.

What is the concept of a system according to Ludwig Von Bertalanffy?

A system is a set of components or units interacting with each other within a boundary.

What is a system?

A system is a set of components or units interacting with each other within a boundary that filters the kind or rate of flow of inputs and outputs to and from the system.

What is an external system?

An external system is going to encode something, and someone will interpret it, depending on interpretation for behavior.

What are open systems?

Open systems give opportunity to everyone and are continually interacting with and being influenced by other systems in our environment.

What are closed systems?

Closed systems do not change even if you change your thinking.

What is a complex system?

A complex system is composed of subsystems, such as organs and tissues, and is found in the human body.

What is a simple system?

A simple system is focused only on one problem and takes a lot of stressors for someone to get ill.

What is the difference between multiple stressors and closed systems?

Multiple stressors can keep you sick, while closed systems do not change even if you change your thinking.

What is an open system constantly affected by?

An open system is constantly affected by the environment and is always on a constant state of change.

What opportunities can open systems give in life?

Open systems can give a lot of opportunities to learn in life.

What is a closed system?

A system that does not exchange matter, energy, and information with the environment and moves toward disorder, illness, and death.

What is the process of exchange?

The process of exchanging input to output, matter to matter, matter to energy, matter to information, energy to matter, and information to matter.

How do people interact with the environment?

People interact with the environment by adjusting themselves to it or adjusting it to themselves.

Who is Kurt Lewin?

Kurt Lewin is the proponent of the field theory and the father of social psychology.

What is the focus of the field theory?

The field theory focuses on the subjective reality of an individual.