Ch 12: Urinary and Male Reproductive Sysstems

glomerul/o

glomerulus

glomerulus

tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney; primary place for filtering blood to form urine

nephr/o

kidney

ren/o

kidney

pyel/o

renal pelvis

renal pelvis

series of tubes that funnel urine out of the kidneys and into the ureters and on to the bladder

ur/o

urine

urin/o

urine

lith/o

stone

cyst/o

bladder

vesic/o

bladder

urethr/o

urethra

ureter/o

ureter

ureter

carry urine from kidneys to bladder

urethra

tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

meat/o

opening (meatus)

balan/o

glans penis ("acorn")

epididym/o

epididymis

epididymus

organ that sits on top of each testicle; stores sperm ("upon the twins")

orch/o

testicle

orchi/o

testicle

orchid/o

testicle

testicul/o

testicle

prostat/o

prostate

prostate

surrounds the urethra ("the one that stands before or in front of")

sperm/o

sperm

spermat/o

sperm

sperm/i

sperm

sperm

male gamete ("seed")

anuria

lack of urination

cystalgia

pain in the bladder

cystodynia

pain in the bladder

cystoplegia

bladder paralysis

dysuria

painful urination

enuresis

involuntary urination

hematuria

bloody urination

incontinence

inability to control urination

nephralgia

pain in the kidney

nocturia

nighttime urination

nocturnal enuresis

nighttime involuntary urination

oliguria

low urine output

polydipsia

excessive thirst

polyuria

excessive urination

pyuria

pus in the urine

ureteralgia

pain in the ureter

urethrodynia

pain in the urethra

urethrorrhea

discharge from the urethra

urocyanosis

blue urine

urodynia

painful urination

balanorrhea

discharge from the glans penis

orchialgia

testicle pain

orchidoptosis

downward displacement of a testicle

orchiodynia

testicle pain

priapism

persistent and painful erection

albuminuria

protein in the urine

azotemia

excess nitrogen in the blood

azotorrhea

excessive discharge of nitrogen

azoturia

excessive nitrogen in the urine

cystorrhexis

rupture of the bladder

dipsogenic

creating thirst

glucosuria, glycosuria

glucose (sugar) in the urine

hyperkalemia

excessive potassium in the blood

hyponatremia

low sodium in the blood

ketolysis

breakdown of ketones

ketonuria

presence of ketones in the urine

meatal stenosis

narrowing of the opening of the urethra

nephroptosis

downward displacement of a kidney

nephrosis

kidney condition

uremia

urine in the blood

ureterocele

hernia of a ureter

ureterolithiasis

presence of stones in a ureter

ureterostenosis

narrowing of the ureter

urethrospasm

involuntary contraction of the urethra

urethrostenosis

narrowing of the urethra

cystoscopy

process for examining the bladder

meatoscope

instrument for examining the opening of the urethra

meatoscopy

process for examining the opening of the urethra

nephroscopy

procedure for examining a kidney

resectoscope

instrument for examining and cutting (usually the prostate)

ureteroscopy

process of examining a ureter

urethroscope

instrument for examining the urethra

urethroscopy

process of examining the urethra

urinalysis (UA)

analysis of urine to determine presence of abnormal elements

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

nitrogen in the blood in the form of urea; it is the product of the breakdown of amino acids for energy

diuresis

excessive urination

nephrologist

specialist in the kidneys

nephrology

study of the kidney

urologist

specialist in the urinary tract

urology

study of the urinary tract

uropoiesis

formation of urine

uroxanthin

substance in urine that makes it yellow

voiding

another term for urination

anorchidism

lack of a testicle

aspermia

condition characterized by lack of sperm

azoospermia

condition characterized by lack of living sperm

cryptorchidism

hidden testicle

hydrocele

fluid-filled mass in a testicle

hypospadias

birth defect in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside, instead of the end, of the penis

oligospermia

condition characterized by low sperm production

phimosis

contraction of the foreskin of the penis, preventing it from being retracted