maternal vocab

Fertilization

Sperm/ovum unite

Fertilized ovum

Zygote

Chorion

Outer fetal membrane

Umbilical cord

Connects fetus to placenta

Ductus venosus

Umbilical Vein

Ductus arteriosus

Goes into aorta

Meconium

Fecal

Age of viability

Fetus lives outside of uterus

Braxton-Hicks contractions

Painless irregular contractions

Hegar's sign

6th week of pregnancy(softening of uterine)

Goodell's sign

softening of cervix

Chadwick's sign

purplish-blue of cervix

Supine hypotensive syndrome

mother lies supine

Amenorrhea

absence of menses

Quickening

fetal movement

Pseudocyesis

False pregnancy

Polyhydramnios

Excessive amniotic fluid

Ballottement

Rebounding of floating fetus

Couvade

physical symptoms by father

Prenatal care

care during pregnancy

Abortion

loss of pregnancy before 20 weeks gestation

GP/TPAL

Gravida, para/term, preterm, abortions,living

Gravida

present pregnancy

Para

birth after 20 weeks(dead or alive)

Preterm

Delivery after 20 weeks but before 38 weeks

Term

Preg. b/w 38-42 weeks

Nulligravida

Never been pregnant

Primigravida

Pregnant for first time

Multigravida

Pregnant 2/more times

Nullipara

Never having delivered an infant after 20 weeks

Primipara

Has delivered once after 20 weeks

Multipara

Ha s delivered 2/more after 20 weeks

Postterm

Delivery after 42 weeks

Naegele's rule

Calculates EDB

Fundal height

Indicates gestational age through second trimester

Fundus

Top of uterus

Leopold's maneuver

Determines fetal position/presentation

Oligohydraminos

Defieciency of amniotic fluid

Aminocentesis

procedure to withdraw amniotic fluid

Surfactant

prevents collapse of airways

Electric fetal monitoring

visual record of FHR

Tocodynamometer

records uterine activity

Early decelerations

reduction in FHR with contractions

Late decelerations

reduction in FHR after peak of contraction

Variable decelerations

abrupt change in FHR/no relationship to contraction

Hyperemesis gravidarum

severe nausea and vomiting

Miscarriage

spontaneous abortion

Threatened abortion

unexplained bleeding/cramping

Inevitable abortion

cervix dialates/membrane ruptures

Incomplete abortion

heavy bleeding/some of conception expelled

Complete abortion

All conception products expelled

Ectopic pregnancy

fertilized ovum implants outside uterus

VAP

3 symptoms of pregnancy(vaginal bleeding/amenorrhea/pain)

Hydatidiform mole

abnormality of pregnancy

Placenta previa

implantation in lower uterine segment

Abruptio placenta

separation from wall of uterus

Eclampsia

convulsion occurring in preg.induced HTN

Preeclampsia

phases of pre HTN prior to convulsions

HELLP

complication that includes liver damage(Hemolysis,elevated,liver enzymes, low, platelet count

euglycemia

normal blood glucose

TORCH

mother to fetus infections(toxoplasmosis, rubella, Cytomegalovirus,herperII)

Tocolysis

process of stopping labor with medications

Lightening

descent of fetus into pelvis

Effacement

thinning/shortening of cervix

Bloody show

mucous plug that blocked the cervix

ROM

Rupture of membranes

5P's: Passageway

passageway,passenger,position,powers,psychological

Molding

shaping of fetal head to mother's pelvis

Fontanelles

sutures meet on fetal skull

Fetal attitude

relationship of fetal body parts to one another

Fetal lie

longitudinal/transverse-fetus to mother

Presenting part

part of fetus in contact with cervix

Station

relationship of fetal presenting part to ischial spines

Fetal position

landmarks on mothers pelvis

Pelvis quadrants

RA,RP,LA,LP

Fundus

Top of uterus

Increment

Intensity of contraction

Acme

peak of contraction

Decrement

decreasing intensity of contraction

Frequency

beginning of one contraction to the next

Duration

length of contraction

Intensity

strength of contraction

Cervical dilation

enlargement of cervical opening

Latent phase

1st stage of labor/longest phase/dialates 3cm

Active phase

cervix4cm-8cm

Transition phase

8-10cm

Second stage

birth of baby

Crowning

babies head can be seen.

Episiotomy

incision in the perineum

Cardinal movements

fetus moves thru pelvis and birth canal

Engagement

fetus enters true pelvis

Descent

engagement and continues thru labor

Flexion

Allows narrow part of head to enter pelvis

Internal rotation

during 2nd stage of labor/head rotates

Extension

head born at this time

Restitution

head emerges and rotates back to normal alignment

Expulsion

baby out to world

Third stage

delivery of placenta

Fourth stage

recovery

Pudendal block

local anesthetic to provide anesthesia to perineal area