Period 4 APUSH

Election of 1800

Adam vs. Jefferson

Revolution of 1800

Jeffersonian Democracy-

appealed to common man, removed all internal taxes, repealed alien and sedition acts

Marbury vs. Madison

Established judicial review, Marbury claimed his right to a position as federal judged based on law, supreme court said this law was unconstitutional

Louisiana territory

Napolean (France), u.s purchased the entire Louisana territory for 15 million dollars

what is Jefferson point of view of government in his first inaugural address 1801

government saw limited involvement with the lives of United States citizens. He argued in the excerpt that "a wise and frugal Government . . . shall leave [its people] otherwise free to regulate their own pursuits of industry and improvement."

What is Jefferson main purpose of the inaugural address

Along with stating his support for limited government, he was also touched on the ideals of republicanism in this excerpt from his inaugural address, which represented an expression of his ideal political system.

what describes the political situation in which Jefferson gave the inaugural address

In 1800, he became the first Democratic-Republican to be elected president (after twelve years of Federalist administrations) and brought the first transition of executive authority from one party to another in United States history.

what describes the context from which the ideas expressed in Jefferson's inaugural address emerged?

discussion in his address of the advantages of the United States in the early 1800s occurred in the context of the desire of many political leaders to encourage expanded agriculture and increased trade.

The Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Company, petition to the United States Congress, 1809

At the time the petition was produced, Congress most likely interpreted the petition's purpose as

Congress would not have interpreted the petition as calling for the end to commercial relations with Great Britain. While the Jay Treaty (1795) reestablishing commercial relations with Great Britain had been controversial and the excerpt from the petition emphasized domestic economic activity, in the early 1800s most Americans desired to maintain United States trade with all European nations as a neutral party.

The Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Company, petition to the United States Congress, 1809

The claims in this were most likely interpreted as opposing which of the following existing federal government policies at the time?

Promoting economic development through foreign trade,

The claims in the excerpt about developing manufacturing and the domestic economy would have been interpreted as opposing government policies focused on encouraging foreign trade.

The Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Company, petition to the United States Congress, 1809

Which of the following best describes a historian's likely interpretation of the situation in which the excerpt was produced in the early 1800s?

Some Americans promoted international strength through a unified national economy,

Based on the discussion of the perceived "hostility" of other nations in the third paragraph, a historian would likely interpret the situation in which the excerpt was produced as one in which some Americans promoted measures to unify the national economy in order to project strength internationally.

The Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Company, petition to the United States Congress, 1809

The petition could best be used as evidence by historians studying which of the following?

The ideas that led some Americans to advocate for improved transportation,

the discussion by the leaders of a canal company of the reasons to support canal construction could best be used by historians studying the ideas that led some Americans to advocate for improved transportation.

Red Jacket, Iroquois American Indian chief in New York, speech to a missionary from Massachusetts and a United States diplomat, 1805

Which of the following best explains how the purpose of the speech in the excerpt was interpreted by federal officials?

Red Jacket sought to protect Iroquois independence from the United States.

Red Jacket's expression in the excerpt of his desire to reject Christianization by United States officials would have been interpreted as an attempt to maintain Iroquois independence from the United States. Engaging in missionary efforts was one strategy pursued by the United States in the nineteenth century to reduce the autonomy of American Indian nations.

Red Jacket, Iroquois American Indian chief in New York, speech to a missionary from Massachusetts and a United States diplomat, 1805

The excerpt could best be used by historians studying the

resistance against the expansion of United States influence,

Red Jacket's expression in the excerpt of his desire to maintain traditional Iroquois religious practices best helps historians interpret the ways in which American Indians resisted attempts by the United States to expand its influence over themselves and their homelands.

Innovations in shipping and the growth of commercial networks were most directly related to which of the following other developments of the first half of the nineteenth century?

An increase in the number of Americans moving west of the Appalachian Mountains,

Innovations in shipping and transportation technology, including steamboats and canals, and the concurrent growth of national commercial networks allowed Americans to migrate and settle farther westward beyond the Appalachian Mountains.

Changes in ideas about men's and women's gender roles in the family, resulting from the market revolution, most directly contributed to which of the following shifts in American social practices during the same period?

A new emphasis on the separation between the public and private spheres,

The growth of the separate spheres ideology, which made distinctions between the domestic or private sphere of the home associated with women and the public sphere of work and politics associated with men, became a major result of the market revolution.

The growth of manufacturing in the United States from 1800 to 1850 was most directly connected to which of the following broader historical processes?

Large numbers of international migrants moving to northern cities,

he growth of manufacturing in the northern states coincided with large numbers of international migrants settling in northern cities and urban areas.

The expansion of suffrage to most adult White men in the early nineteenth century most directly resulted in which of the following?

The growth of new political parties,

As the status of being an adult White male, rather than property ownership, became the basis for voting rights in the early nineteenth century, civic participation increased and political parties more actively sought to speak for newly enfranchised voters.

Which of the following most directly led to the expansion of participatory democracy in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Reduction of property ownership requirements for voting,

In the 1820s and 1830s, many states weakened or ended requirements to own property to be eligible to vote, leading to an expansion of participatory democracy, particularly during the presidency of Andrew Jackson.

The expansion of suffrage to most adult White men by the 1820s and 1830s most directly contributed to the

emergence of political rallies and events to encourage people to vote for particular parties,

political participation came to be more often based on being an adult White male rather than property ownership, parties sought to promote voting by holding large-scale rallies and events and offering incentives including money and alcohol to support their sides.

Which of the following most directly led to the expansion of participatory democracy in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Reduction of property ownership requirements for voting,

In the 1820s and 1830s, many states weakened or ended requirements to own property to be eligible to vote, leading to an expansion of participatory democracy, particularly during the presidency of Andrew Jackson.

The expansion of suffrage to most adult White men by the 1820s and 1830s most directly contributed to the

emergence of political rallies and events to encourage people to vote for particular parties

as political participation came to be more often based on being an adult White male rather than property ownership, parties sought to promote voting by holding large-scale rallies and events and offering incentives including money and alcohol to support their sides.

Sean Wilentz, historian, The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln, published in 2005

Which of the following describes a context that most influenced the implementation of the government policy discussed in the excerpt?

Many Americans desired the United States to expand its western land claims.

the context of the American desire to extend United States western land claims in the early nineteenth century most influenced the implementation of the Indian removal policies described in the excerpt.

Sean Wilentz, historian, The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln, published in 2005

Which of the following claims is supported by the author's main argument in the excerpt?

Andrew Jackson can be blamed for the unintended effects of Indian removal.

the claim that Jackson can be blamed for unintended effects of Indian removal supports Wilentz's argument in the excerpt that Jackson bears responsibility for the suffering inflicted on American Indian peoples because of the policies he implemented.

Sean Wilentz, historian, The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln, published in 2005

Which of the following pieces of evidence would best refute Jackson's claim about his predecessors' policies toward American Indians, as described in the first paragraph of the excerpt?

President George Washington enforced treaties guaranteeing American Indians in New York rights to their land.

Evidence that George Washington enforced treaties to guarantee American Indians rights to their land in New York would refute Jackson's claim that earlier presidents had mistreated American Indians.

Sean Wilentz, historian, The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln, published in 2005

Which of the following pieces of evidence would help modify an argument in the excerpt about President Jackson's intentions toward American Indians?

Jackson had led United States armies that conquered American Indian peoples in the Southeast and forced land cessions.

Evidence that Jackson had commanded United States armies in the conquest of American Indian peoples would modify the argument in the excerpt that Jackson believed that his intentions toward American Indians were paternalistic and humane

William Cullen Bryant, book review in the North American Review, 1818

The excerpt best serves as evidence of which of the following developments?

he creation of a unique American culture

The excerpt highlights the increasing skill of United States authors and the desire to popularize United States literature, which provides evidence of the beginning of an American national culture.

William Cullen Bryant, book review in the North American Review, 1818

Which of the following can be concluded about the relationship between the United States and Europe based on the situation described in the excerpt?

european styles continued to influence American society.

the excerpt describes how books from England continued to be published and consumed across the United States.

William Cullen Bryant, book review in the North American Review, 1818

Which of the following can be concluded about the United States based on the author's descriptions in the excerpt?

common national culture was developing.

he author describes the emergence of interest in literature across the United States as a whole, reflecting the development of a common national culture.

Which of the following best explains a major reason for the emergence of the Second Great Awakening in the United States?

the rise of individualistic and evangelical spiritual beliefs inspired religious conversion.

In the early decades of United States independence, ideas of human equality with the divine promoted new egalitarian religious views. Many itinerant ministers engaged in evangelical preaching to attract new religious believers of any background or class.

The Second Great Awakening was most directly related to which of the following other historical developments of the early nineteenth century?

Challenges to Enlightenment views of rationalism

The religious revivalism of the Second Great Awakening challenged existing Enlightenment views of rationalism, which sought to teach reason (rather than spiritual growth) as the single greatest purpose of having knowledge.

The expansion of participatory democracy in the Jacksonian era most likely influenced the Second Great Awakening by

giving rise to individualistic beliefs

As more White male Americans saw their political participation expand, they began to believe that individuals should have a greater role in democracy and political decision making, which in turn influenced the emphasis in the Second Great Awakening on personal salvation.

Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007

A piece of evidence used by Howe in the second paragraph of the excerpt to support his argument about the goals of prison reform was that prison reformers

intended to use prisons to rehabilitate criminals

In the second paragraph of the excerpt, Howe provides evidence that prison reformers believed prisons should serve a "corrective" function to support his argument that their goal was to encourage personal redemption.

Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007

Which of the following is a piece of evidence used by Howe to support his claim in the third paragraph of the excerpt about religious organizations in the early nineteenth century?

Members of the Evangelical United Front employed more people than the Post Office did.

In the third paragraph of the excerpt, Howe provides evidence that members of the Evangelical United Front employed more people than the Post Office did in order to support his claim that the Evangelical United Front was more extensively organized than the federal government was in the early nineteenth century.