FAD 2230 - FSU Jeter exam 2

Communication

The process of exchanging and interpreting ideas

and feelings.

consistent, repetitive

Family communication is not random, it occurs in ______________ patterns.

Communicator

The person who creates and sends the

message.

Message

The unit of information transmitted between

sender and receiver.

Medium

The way a message is presented to the recipient.

medium

Message is often determined, to a degree, by the ___________.

Recipient

The receiver of the message. Interprets the message, based on his/her personality, life experiences, and the relational context.

Solvable Conflict

Conflict or problem that has a solution.

Perpetual Conflict

Conflict or problem within a relationship that can never be solved.

Anger Insteads

People feel uncomfortable being mad so they do something else instead like over eating, gossiping, talking about the problem to everyone except the person.

Passive Aggression

When a person expresses anger at someone but does so indirectly rather than directly ie, chronic criticism, nagging, sarcasm, forms of sabotage.

Sabotage

One partner attempts to spoil or undermine some activity the other has planned.

Displacement

A person directs anger at the people or things that the other cherishes.

Contempt

Characterized by the intent to insult or abuse your partner emotionally.

- Ex: rolling your eyes, mocking

Criticism

Attacking personality rather than the specific behavior.

Defensiveness

Defending yourself from a perceived attack will escalate an argument.

Stonewalling

A person refuses to listen to their partner's complaints or stories (physically and emotionally).

Belligerence

A behavior that is provocative and that challenges the spouse's power and authority.

Contempt, Criticism, Defensiveness, Stonewalling

Four Horsemen

Report Talk

Conversation aimed mainly at conveying information. Men usually engage in this form of communication.

Rapport Talk

Speaking to gain or reinforce rapport or intimacy. Women usually engage in this form of communication.

Female

Gender that is attuned to the emotional quality of the relationship.

Male

Gender that tries to minimize conflict.

Female

Gender that tries to resolve conflicts with understanding.

Male

Gender that tries to avoid a blow-up.

Parallel Relationship Pattern

The pattern of marriage that assumes traditional roles, little intimacy, live parallel lives.

Interactional Relationship Pattern

The pattern of marriage where partners expect companionship and intimacy, strong communication.

Homogamy

Spouses share certain social characteristics such as race, age, ethnicity, religion, education, and social class.

Heterogamy

Spouses do not share certain social characteristics such as race, age, ethnicity, religion, education, and social class.

Endogamy

Marrying within one's specific cultural group, such as ethnicity, social class, or religion.

Exogamy

Marrying outside of one's specific cultural group, such as ethnicity, social class, or religion.

Traditional Marriage

Male holds more power and authority in the relationship, and both spouses were satisfied with this arrangement.

Conflict Habituated

Marriage relationship where there is constant battle over almost everything.

Permanence and Primariness

The marriage premise is based on which two expectations?

Socialization

The process by which we learn and internalize the attitudes, roles, expectations, and cultural values of society to function as human beings.

Work-Family Conflict

A form of tension under which people feel that the pressures from paid work and family roles are incompatible in some way.

Role Overload

Feeling overwhelmed by many different commitments and not having enough time to meet each commitment effectively.

individualist culture

values personal achievement and independence

Collectivist culture

focuses on needs of the group- the family, community, or society

High ambiguity

generally comfortable with with unknown situations

Low ambiguuity

members may experience anxiety about the future. Cultures tend to make clear-cut rules for behavior and communication

listening

the process of giving thoughtful attention to what we hear

Receiving

1. hearing, attending

Understanding

2. Learning, deciphering meaning

Remembering

3. Recalling, retaining

Evaluating

4. Judging, criticizing

Responding

5. answering, giving feedback

Active Listening

extremely attentive listening, where the listener has good eye contact and body language, and encourages the other person to continue talking

verbal communication

the spoken exchange of thoughts, feelings, or other messages including tone and expression used

Good listener

1.stops

2. looks

3. listens

4. asks questions

5. reflects by paraphrasing

Open Window Pane

known to self and others

Hidden window pane

known to self- not others

Blind widow pane

known to others blind to self

unknown window pane

unknown to self and others

pseudoconflict

falsely perceiving that our partner is interfering with our goals or has incompatible goals

content conflict

conflict where individuals disagree about information

value conflict

a type of conflict that results from differing opinions on subjects that relate to personal values and issues of right and wrong

ego conflict

conflict where individuals believe they must win at all costs to save face

regulating couples

couples who use communication to promote closeness and intimacy.

non-regulated couples

couples who have many negative communication exchanges.

accommodating

lose-win; entails satisfying partner's needs at the expense of our own goals

avoiding

lose-lose; when we remove ourselves from the conflict psychologically or physically

competing

win-lose; we attempt to meet our own goals without concerns for our partner's needs

compromising

lose-lose; both partners give up part of what they want to achieve partial satisfaction in meeting their goals

Collaborating

win-win; we attempt to satisfy both our own needs and those of our partner

power

the aility to exercise your will

personal power

the degree of autonomy a person has to exercise his or her will

social power

the ability to exercise your will over another person

intimate partner power (conjugal power)

type of power that involves decision making among intimate partners, their division of labor, and their sense of entitlement

coercive power

ability to achieve your will by force, either psychological or physical

reward power

ability to offer material or nonmaterial benefit to achieve your goal

expert power

stems from a person's knowledge or ability

informational power

info a person may use to persuade anther to do something he or she would not otherwise do

referent power

stems from the emotional identification of the less dominant person towards the more dominant person (wife goin 2 game- not cause she likes it- but cause her husband wants her 2 go and she wants to make him happy)

legitimate power

based on a person's claim of authority or the right to exercise his or her will (taking passage of man is the head of the household literally)

resource theory

theory that suggests the spouse with the more prestigous/higher paying job can use tht advantage to generate more power in the relationship and thereby influence decision making

relative love and need theory

suggests that each partner brings resources to the relationship; a theory of power that looks at the way that love itself is feminized , defined, and interpreted

doing gender

theory of power that suggests that we take power differentials among men and women for granted and continue to reproduce them

marriage

a legally and socially recognized relationship that includes sexual, economic, and social rights and responsibilities for partners

relative freedom

managing the social environment of young people through schools, neighborhoods, churches, and other organizations

marital decline perspective

view that the institution of marriage is increasingly being threatened by hedonistic pursuits if personal happiness at the expense of long-term commitment

marital resilience perspective

view that overall, marriage is no weaker than in the past, but that all families need an increase in structural support to thrive

interracial marriage

marrying someone of a different race

antimiscegenation

laws forbidding interracial marriage, which existed at the state level until 1967

interethnic marriage

marriage in which spouses come from different countries or have different cultural , religious, or ethnic backgrounds

civil unions

public policy designed to extend some benefits to partners who are not legally married (for homosexuals)

marriage premium

concept that married people are happier, healthier, and financially better off than those who are not married

selection effect

hypothesis that people who marry may be different from those who do not marry (may be happier, healthier, and financially stable)

wage premium

generally, married men earn more than their unmarried counterparts, particularly married men with stay-at-home wives

social capital

goods and services that are byproducts of social relationships, including connections, social support, information, or financial help

marriage movement

activities of a group of some religious leaders, marriage and family therapists, and government leaders who hope to influence public policy to promote and strengthen traditional marriage

convenant marriage

type of marriage available in 3 states that restricts access to divorce, requires premarital counseling, and imposes other rules and regs

peer marriages

marriage in which couples consider themselves to have equal status or standing in the relationship

fertility rate

a measure reported as

1)average # of children born to a woman during her lifetime. 2) # of children born per 1000 women ages 15-44. 3)number of children born per 1000 population

mortality rate

measure of the number of deaths in a population

pronatalism

cultural value that encourages child bearing

direct financial cost

out=of-pocket expenses for things such as food, clothing, housing and education

artificial insemination

uses a tool to push sperm toward egg; no surgery

in-vitro fertilization

Test tube babies)- injects with drugs so that woman can ovulate many at the same time; may extract 4/5 eggs and have to do hormone therapy first. May have to get 2/3 injections per day for 2/3 months

three emerging options

1. Remaining child free

a. reasons

2. Postponing/Delaying Parenthood

3. Having fewer children

a. the one child family