CHP 3 Skeletal System

med term chp 3

Adult human has how many bones

206

Baby has how many bones

305

Ossification

normal process of bone formation

Osteoclasts

break down old/damaged bone

Osteoblasts

help rebuild bone

Red bone marrow

hemopoietic tissue that makes red blood cells, hemoglobin, and thrombocytes

Homopoietic marrow

formation of blood cells (hem/o is blood, -poietic is pertaining to)

Yellow bone marrow

fat storage area; located in the medullary cavity of long bones

Diaphysis

shaft of a long bone

Epiphysis

wider ends of long bones

Foramen

opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass

Process

projection on the surface of bone that most commonly serves as an attachment for a muscle or tendon

Bursa

Cushions ares subject to friction during movement

Synovial fluid

Lubricant that makes smooth joint movements possible

Synovial membrane

Forms the lining of synovial joints and secretes synovial fluid

Joints are also called

Articulations

Joints/articulations

Place of union between two or more bones; classified by the movement they allow

Fibrous joints

Skull- strongest

Carilaginous joints

Spine

Synovial joints

Hip

Axial skeleton

Protects major organs of the nervous, respirators, and circulatory systems— 80 bones

Appendicular skeleton

Makes body movement possible and protects organ of digestion, excretion, and reproduction—- 126 bones

Cranium

8 bones, encloses and protects the brain

Auditory ossicles

The three tiny bones in each middle ear (malleus, incus, and stapes)

Zygomatic bones

Cheekbones

Maxillary

Upper jaw

Palatine

Anterior part of the hard palate of the mouth and the floor of the nose

Mandible

Jawbone- only moveable of the skull

Ribs are also called

Costals

Cost means

Rib

Sternum

Breast bone- flat, dagger shaped bone

Clavicle

Collar bone- connects the Manutius of the sternum to the scapula

Scapula

Shoulder blade

Acromion

Extension of the scapula

Humerous

Bone of th upper arm

Radius

The smaller and shorter bone in the forearm

Ulna

Larger and longer bone of the forearm

Carpals

Wrist bones

Metacarpals

5 bones that form the palms of the hand

Phalanges

14 bones of the fingers

Spinal column is also known as

Vertebral column

How many vertebrae does the spinal column consist of

26

Cervical vertebrae

First st of 7 vertebrae that form the neck

Thoracic vertebrae

Second set of 12 vertebrae that form outward curve of the spine

Lumbar vertebrae

Thirst set of 5 vertebrae, form the inward curve of the lower spine

Sacrum

Slightly curves, triangular shaped bone near the base of the spine

Coccyx

Tailbone

Illium

Broad blade, back sides of the pubic bone

Ischium

Lower posterior portion of the pubic bone

Pubis

Forms the anterior portion of the pubic bone

Acetabulum

Hip socket

Femur

Largest, thigh bone

Patella

Kneecap

Popilteal

Space behind knee

Tibia

Shinbone

Fibula

Smaller of the two bones in the lower leg

Calcaneus

Heel bone

Metatarsals

Part of the foot where the toes are attached

Phalanges

Bones of the toes

Ankyl

Crooked, bent, stiff

Arthr/o

Joint

Chrondr/i/o

Cartilage

Cost/o

Rib

\-desis

To bind, tie togther

Carni/o

Skull

Kryph/o

Bent, hump

Lord/o

Curve, swayback, bent

\-lysis

Loosening or setting free

Myel/o

Spinal cord, bone marrow

Oss

Bone

Scoli

Curved, bent

Spondyl

Vertebrae, backbone

Synovi

Synovial membrane, synovial fluid

Um

Singular noun ending

Ankylosis

Loss or absence of mobility because of disease, injury, etc.

Arthrosclerosis

Stiffness of joints

Bursitis

Inflammation of a bursa

Chrondomalacia

Sorting of cartilage

Chondroma

Slow growing benign tumor

Costochondritis

Inflammation of cartilage connecting the rib to the sternum

Hallux valgus

Bunion, base of the great toe

Hemarthrosis

Blood writhing in a joint

Polymylagia rheumatica

Geriatric inflammatory disorder of the uncles and joints, pain and stiffness

Synovitis

Inflammation of the synovial membrane that results in swelling

Dislocation is also called

Luxation

Luxation

Total displacement of a bone from its joint

Sublaxation

Partial displacement

Osteoarthritis

Wear/tear, most common with aging- genetic

Spondylosis

Spinal osteoarthritis

Gouty arthritis

Aka gout, deposits of Urin acid in the joints

Rheumatoid arthritis

Autoimmune disorder, attacks synovial membranes, inflammes

Akylosing spondylitis

Rheumatoid, inflammation of joints in the vertebrae (spine only)

Herniated disk

Slippers or ruptured disk, breaking apart of intervertebral disk that results in pressure on spinal nerve roots

Lumbago

Low back pain

Spndylolisthesis

Forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra or sacrum

Spina bifida

Congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy where the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord

Kyphosis

Humpback

Lordosis

Swayback

Scoliosis

Lateral curvature

Craniostenosis

Malformation of the skull due to premature closure of cranial sutures