CSC 216

Object construction

Type name = new Type(parameters)

default constructor

public methodName()

defined constructor

public methodName(parameters)

Dereferencing an object

name.method(parameters)

Abstract Windowing Toolkit

java.awt.*;

Java Extension Swing

javax.swing.*;

What class does Java Extension Swing inherit from?

The Abstract Windowing Toolkit

What are the 4 `key GUI Libraries?

-Java GUI Libraries
-Java FX
-Java Eclipse Library
-Android GUI Libraries

Android GUI Libraries

- android.view.*;
- android.widget.*;

Frame

Top level window with a title and border

Container

Component that holds other components

Button

Can be clicked to cause an action

Radio Button

A group of options where only one can be selected

Checkbox

A group of options where 0 to all can be selected

Label

Read-only text

List

Scrollable lines of text

Choice

Popup menu in a fixed position

Text field

Editable line of text

Text area

Editable multiline area of text with ability to scrollCanvas

Canvas

Area to draw graphics

Panel

A component that can hold other components or panels

Frame Swing Component

JFrame

Container Swing Components

- java.awt.Container;
- JComponent

Button Swing Component

JButton

Radio Button Swing Components

JRadioButton added to a ButtonGroup

Checkbox Swing Components

JCheckBox added to a ButtonGroup

Label Swing Component

JLabel

List Swing Component

JList

Choice Swing components

JMenuItem in JMenu in JMenuBar

Text field Swing Component

JTextField

Text Area Swing Component

JTextArea

Canvas Swing Component

java.awt.Canvas

Panel Swing Component

JPanel

Top-level containers

Containers that are the top of any Swing containment hierarchy

What are 2 examples of top-level containers in a GUI?

-JFrame
-JDialog

General Purpose Containers

Used for holding GUI information and components

What are 2 examples of general purpose containers in a GUI?

-JPanel
-JScrollPane

Special Purpose containers

Provide flexibility and functionality to the GUI

What are 2 examples of special purpose containers in a GUI?

-JRootPane
-JLayeredPane

Basic Controls

Components that get input from the user.

What are 3 examples of basic controls in a GUI?

-JButton
-JList
-JMenu

Uneditable displays

Give users information

What are 2 examples of uneditable displays in a GUI?

-JLabel
-JProgressBar

Editable displays of formatted information

Holds formatted info that can be edited by the user.

What are 2 examples of editable displays of formatted information in a GUI?

-JFileChooser
-JColorChooser

Accessing an implicit parameter

this.variable

Verification

Are we building the product right?

Validation

Are we building the right product?

Closed box testing

tests output/input of a program but not the internals.

Open Box Testing

Testing the code within the program

How can you traverse through a linked list in a more efficient way?

For each loop with the Iterable interface.

List interface using the Iterable interface

public interface List extends Iterable

Iterator method that returns true if there are more elements to examine.

hasNext()

Iterator method that returns the next element from the collection (throws a
NoSuchElementException if there are none left to examine)

next()

Iterator method that removes from the collection the last value returned by next()(throws IllegalStateException if you have not called
next() yet)

remove()

What can you not do with generic (E) objects?

construct E objects

What @ symbol occurs when you type cast without checking to see if the casted object is that type?

@SuppressWarnings

What are the only two methods you need to make an unmodifiable list?

get() and size()

What are the methods you need to implement to create a modifiable list

set(int, E)

What methods do you need to create a variable-size list?

add(int, E) and remove(int)

What is an Unmodifiable list?

A list that cannot be changed once it is created.

What is a modifiable list

A list that can change the content within its existing elements

What is a variable size list?

A list that can change the contents and size

What are the four things that ArrayLists allow?

null elements, duplicates, growing forever, and maintaining elements in sorted order.

Why do you need to make the last element null after removing an element in the ArrayList?

To allow the program to garbage collect it.

when you add a type to a class header it is...

declared

when you have a type in a class header that implements an interface with another type, the type is...

used by the interface

What do the abstract list classes in the Java Collections Framework provide?

Partial implementation of the List interface methods

When creating a Final State Machine (FSM) what three things are important to keep in mind?

user inputs, states the machine can be in, and transitions out of those states

What can transitions represent in an FSM?

High level abstractions of user input

What do FSMs allow the programmer to do?

Create precise descriptions of programming language syntax.

The compiler can use an FSM to do what?

Check the syntax for input

If the FSM ends in a final state, then...

Everything compiles

If the FSM does not end in a final state, then...

The program throws a compiler error

An input that does not have a transition out of the state is called an

implicit error path

What does a Text-Processing FSM do?

Finds a specific type of text within another String

What are the three ways to write an FSM?

using a while loop with a switch statement inside, using a for loop with if/else statements, and using the state pattern.

What is runtime efficiency?

A measure of the use of computing resources relative to time and memory

When calculating runtime efficiency, every java statement

takes the same amount of time to run

A method calls runtime is measured by...

the number of statements in its body

The runtime of a loop is...

the number of times it loops times the statements in the loop.

Algorithmic Growth Rate

The change in time as the input data size (N) changes

Complexity Classes

A category of algorithm efficiency based on its relationship to the input size

Order the complexity classes from fastest to slowest

constant, logarithmic, linear, log-linear, quadratic, cubic, exponential

Constant complexity class and what happens when its doubled.

O(1). Unchanged

Logarithmic complexity class and what happens when its doubled.

O(log₂N). Increases slightly.

Linear complexity class and what happens when its doubled.

O(N). Doubles

log-linear complexity class and what happens when its doubled.

O(Nlog₂N). Slightly more than doubles

Quadratic complexity class and what happens when its doubled.

O(N²). quadruples.

Cubic complexity class and what happens when its doubled.

O(N³). Multiplies by 8.

Exponential complexity class and what happens when its doubled.

O(2ⁿ). Multiplies drastically.

What is the runtime efficiency of the add(value) in the ArrayList method?

Constant

What is the runtime efficiency of the add(index, value) in the ArrayList method?

linear

What is the runtime efficiency of the add(value) in the ArrayList method? (with growing the array)

Linear

What is the runtime efficiency of the indexOf in the ArrayList method?

linear

What is the runtime efficiency of the get in the ArrayList method?

constant

What is the runtime efficiency of the remove in the ArrayList method?

linear

What is the runtime efficiency of the set in the ArrayList method?

constant

What is the runtime efficiency of the size in the ArrayList method?

constant

What is the runtime efficiency of the add(value) in the LinkedList method?

linear