Forging the Modern World 154, History: Quiz #1, History Midterm

old world slavery

while not a "benign" institution it is generally marked as a way to include outsiders into a society, and generally, status is not inherited ex. Gladiator

-generally marked by inclusion of prisoners of war, debtors, outsiders and outcasts

-status generally remembered but enslavement is not inherited. Meaning just because one's mother/father was enslaved doesn't mean necessarily their children will

-formerly enslaved people can rise to the top of their respective society (Zheng Ho)

anglicanism

A more conservative religious movement that broke with the catholic church, but church and state remained the same

ottoman empire

an Islamic Empire that stretched to encompass most of Northern Africa, Eastern Europe and Western Asia

concubinage

a temporary marriage, which offers different outcomes than traditional marriage

tariffs

a tax imposed on imports in order to protect domestic industries

liberty

the belief that an individual has the right to pursue his or her own desires

modernity

the idea of changing from tradition, generally linked by increased political rights, greater education and developing economy

revolution

overturning not just the leader of a political system, but bringing in an entirely new system

the "other"

an abstract group, by which we define ourselves

abolition

a diverse set of philosophies that are wedded by a central belief against the morality of slavery, but give varied arguments on the problems with slavery

polygeny

a scientific theory that Human beings have more than one root

capitalism

a economic system that is sustained by "free" markets, private property and explotation

coal

a fossil fuel, found in abundance in Great Britain, provided energy for the industrial revolution

raw materials

sugar, cotton, grain, timber, meat shipped from the New World to Europe, it simultaneously shifted European tastes, increased the sale of European finished goods and developed the markets in the New World Sugar

Frederick Douglas

former enslaved person who became a leading American abolitionist, diplomat and thinker in the mid to late 19th century

What is Sultan Selim I's problem with Shah Ishamil's belief system?

He was a Shi'ite

According to Luther, what role should a ruler have in a religion?

a ruler should have no control over religion

According to Bijns, marriage to a human man only could

destroy the dreams of married women

According to Kant what is nonage?

the inability to learn on your own

Why did Dong Xiawon not marry?

She could not create her art while married

In 1850, what is the approximate percentage of unmarried women over 30 in China?

2%

According to Kristoff, why did the Chinese not go back to East Africa?

The Chinese were not greedy enough

According to Rodney, what did how did the Slave trade impact Africa?

Decreased possibilities of Development

According to the Broken Spears document, when did the Spainards attack and kill a large group of Aztecs?

During a celebration

According to Sale what did the Europeans do better than the Taino?

agriculturally

According to Diaz, when Cortez was in the Aztec Empire, what did they build?

Churches for themselves

What did Frederick Douglas' mistress begin teaching him to do?

To read

According to Harriet Jacobs, why is slavery wrong?

It ruins the morality of both the enslaved and the enslavers

What animal did the East Africans give to Zheng He?

Giraffe

anabaptist

christian religious group defined by adult baptisms, equality and simplicity

Christendom

political unit, discuss different sacraments--associated with/$ elite

What did Columbus claim to do that Zheng He did not?

give things of little value to those he visited

What religion was Nzinga Mbemba?

christian

According to Harriet Jacobs, what happened on New Years Day for the enslaved?

Some were sold, sometimes breaking up families

What was different about Japanese modernization?

They used traditional sources

who is the author of The Prequel?

Kristof

who is the audience The Prequel

College educated that would want to read more about China and East Africa

what is the accomplishment of The Prequel

showing that Zheng he went to africa

what is the argument of The Prequel

trying to reconstruct Zheng He's journey, trying to prove that he went to Africa

Where did Zheng He travel?

East Africa

Why did Zheng He travel?

gave gifts, Conquer the world

Evidence that Zheng He traveled?

Giraffes and african products are showing up in china

Why didnt the Chinese go back?

Not greedy,Outside world was a threat

Zheng He

Muslim from a rebel family and had been sized by the Chinese Army when he was a boy, Assigned as a houseboy, He became the commander of a fleet

Why did the West triumph over the East?

Asia was not greedy enough

Culture of Complacency

China was a single nation while Europe was many

Asia was not greedy enough

China= Confuscianism

Cared about honor, culture, eduction, religion

Zheng He carried gifts not trade

Culture of Complacency

Thought that they were the middle kingdom and had nothing to learn from others

How is Columbus different from Zheng He?

Columbus wants glory for himself

Zheng He is helping China

Columbus' Letter: Author

Christopher Columbus

Christopher Columbus

Explorer, Wanted to find a trade route from Spain to India

Columbus' Letter: Audience

King and Queen of Spain, Need money

Columbus' Letter: Accomplish

King and Queen send more ships and money

God back again with Columbus

Columbus' Letter: Argument

People are easy and weak, People see him as a God

What biases do you see in Columbus' Letter?

European way is the only way and Creates a positive image of himself and negative image of people

Conclusions of Columbus' Letter

Expedition for personal gain

Spain was desperate

Columbus is confident about his abilities

Taino Columbus' Letter

Did not have weapons= peaceful communities

who is the author of The Conquest of Paradise

Sale

Sale

Cultural Critic

Modern Writer

Environmentalist

Biases in The Conquest of Paradise

Make Columbus/trip immoral and Naming of the land/take over

Why does Columbus name things?

Columbus wants to take ownership

Sales argument

Columbus went there to destruct conquer and control

Sale Audience

environmentalist

Sale Accomplish

Columbus did not know about environment, He is ignorant

Why does Sale rename Columbus?

"Admiral Colon", Changing name to own him, He is a hero so we have to see him as something different

European Views of Native Americans

Savages and No order

Why did they think Montezuma was going to attack them?

Someone told them when they entered the city

who is the author of The Conquest of New Spain

Diaz Del Castillo

Diaz Del Castillo

Spaniard with Cortez and Rationalize and prove Cortez actions as morally correct

Diaz Del Castilo: The Conquest of New Spain: Argument

The conquest and its morality

The Conquest of New Spain: Audience

people funding the conquest and the court

what is the accomplishment of The Conquest of New Spain

They should have conquered along religious lines

The Conquest of New Spain: What occurs during the account?

Invited them in the castle, Shows Spanish the treasures, Montezuma gave them tools to build church

What does the actions of Montezuma tell us about his society?

Successful and Does not need help from outside because he is at the top of the society

How are their actions of the Spanish rationalized by their faith?

Gods quest for them because the aztecs did not want to be christian so the conquest was just

The Devastation of the Indies: Author

Bartolome de las Casa

Bartocome de las Casa

Priest/missionary, wants to spread christianity

La Casa's Accomplishment

Abolish Native American Slavery

Define there rights

Bartolome de las Casa's argument

More equal society, Make the Spanish look better if they don't have slaves, No regional/economic goals, Unchristian treatment

La Casa's Audience

King and Queen of Spain

Consequences of La Casa

Actions of these bad Spanish Christians, it made it impossible for the Native Americans to convert

What is the evidence for la Casa's claims?

God was there

Appeal to the King of Portugal: Author

Nzinga Mebemba (Affonso)

Nzinga Mebemba (Affonso)

Christian King of Kango

Audience for Affonso article

King of Portugal

Accomplishment of Affonso

Stop enslaving Affonso's people

Affonsos argument

Depopulation of the Christian population and Enslaving Christians is wrong

How does Affonso stop the trade?

3 merchants have to sign off

Why can't Affonso stop the trade?

Alfonso does not have enough support and the merchants might have more power

Why should the Portuguese help Alfonso?

Because they are Christians

Why didn't the Portuguese help Alfonso?

Bad Christians and Economics trumps Religion

Buying Slaves in 1693: Author

Captain Thomas Phillips

Captain Thomas Phillips

Ship captain with experience in selling slaves

Audience for Phillips

People who want to know about the slave trade

Accomplish of Phillips

Emphasize the supply's side

Argument of Phillips

Africans control trade

What is surprising in Phillips document?

Guy selling slaves was manipulating slaves

Since they have to buy the slaves, they are not getting good ones

Who sets the terms of the trade in Phillips document?

Africans controlled the slave trade and were willing participants of the trade

Fredrick Douglass Reding: Audience

northeners

Fredrick Douglass Reding: Author

Fredrick Douglass

How does Fredrick Douglass know he is a slave?

natural for people to tell him what to do, no free choice, master controls him