Western Civ: Cold War

poland and bulgaria

where would free elections be held after Yalta?

spread world wide communism

what was the soviets goal post wwII?

containment

what was US's goal post wwII?

potsdam conference

the final wartime meeting of the leaders of the us, gb, and soviet union with truman, churchill, and stalin discussing the future of Europe but their failure to reach meaningful agreements soon led to the onset of the Cold War.

proxy wars

after WWII many powerful countries used smaller countries to fight one another called ...

bipolarization

NATO vs. Warsaw Pact

iron curtain

a political barrier that isolated the peoples of Eastern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region

truman doctrine

stated that the U.S. would support any nation threatened by Communism.

arms race

a competition between nations to have the most powerful weapons

Greece and turkey

the locations where the US first tried to stop the spread of communism by giving $400 million in economic and military aid to stabilize the countries and keep the appeal of communism down

marshall plan

A\a plan that the US came up with to revive the war-torn economies of Europe. This plan offered $13 billion in aid to western and Southern Europe.

they didn't want to take money from the us and didn't care about rebuilding their country

why did the ussr reject the Marshall plan?

comecon

an organization for economic cooperation in European Communist states

soviet union

who was the second nuclear superpower

US, Belgium, GB, France, Italy, Spain, west germany

who were the main countries in NATO?

nato

an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; allied powers

Soviet Union, east germany, poland

who were the main countries in the Warsaw Pact?

Warsaw pact

An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This was in response to the NATO

nikita kruschev

emerged as a leader in the Soviet Union after Josef Stalin. He advocated reform and indirectly criticized Stalin and his methods.

Mao's Revolution

communist control over China and purges society of capitalism. took place during the Vietnam War

korean war

Conflict that began with North Korea's invasion of South Korea and came to involve the United Nations

south korea

who did the US ally with during the Korean War?

north korea

who did china ally with during the Korean War?

domino theory

a theory that if one nation comes under communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under communist control

sputnik I

the first space satelite, launched by Soviet Union

u-2 spy incident

Col. Francis Gary Powers' plane (US) was shot down over Soviet airspace

the Berlin wall

A wall separating East and West Berlin built by East Germany to keep citizens from escaping to the West

yugoslavia

country that pushed back from USSR control, even though they were communist, and were successful

Charles de galle

French politician who resurrected nationalism in his nation

algeria

france fought a bitter war for which colonial land?

guest worker programs

government-run programs in western Europe designed to recruit labor for the booming postwar economy

diversification

a strategy of increasing sales by introducing new products into new markets

xenophobia

fear of foreigners

booming economy, worked during wwII, education

why did women start working outside of the home more?

teddy boys

rock and roll group from Great Britain; rebellious; wore black coats

Keynesian economics

states that government spending should increase during business slumps and be curbed during booms.

John Maynard keynes

who came up with Keynesian economics?

Christian democratic party

political party that was more right centered; rejected dictators; faith-based; anti-communist

us, west germany, france

where was the Christian Democratic Party mainly located?

social democratic labour party

political party that was left-centered; cradle to grave welfare; pushed for free hospital care, medical, retirement, unemployment paid for by taxes

great britain

where was the social democratic Labour Party?

Bretton woods agreement

international financial agreement signed shortly before the end of World War II that created the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund

OEEC

purpose of rebuilding, increasing productivity and reducing tariff barriers

organization for european economic cooperation

What does OEEC stand for?

because they didn't want to lose power

why didn't Great Britain join the oeec?

european coal and steel community

international organization to control and integrate all European coal and steel production. included w germany, belgium, Netherlands, Italy, Luxembourg, and france

common market

a group of countries that acts as a single market, without trade barriers between member countries and reduced tariffs

treaty of rome

pact that set up the common market

consumerism

a movement advocating greater protection of the interests of consumers

cominform

Soviet organization whose purpose was to denounce Marshall Plan aid

collectivization

a system in which private farms are eliminated and peasants work land owned by the government

atheism

what was the national religion in the Soviet Union?

Josip Tito

Yugoslavian leader who set up a communist government independent of the Soviet Union

kitchen debate

debate between Nixon and Khrushechev where they discussed the merits of each of their respective economic systems, capitalism and communism

israel

where did the ussr and usa back same nation?

not as many kids and women had jobs

how did time spent "raising children" change in the 1960s?

khrushchev

who practiced de-stalinization?

bruzhnev

who could be said to have practiced re-stalinization?

liberals

who said that capitalism pushes non-equality, conformity, and materialism

Griswold v connecticut

allowed contraception and prevents states from banning birth control

Timothy leary

advocated psychedelic drug research and therapy; coined "turn on, tune in, drop out"

british invasion

Influx of bands and musicians from Britain during the 60's. Huge influence on the American music scene.

geneva accords

agreement that divided Vietnam into North and South

ho chi minh

communist leader of North Vietnam; fought for Vietnamese independence

nixon

what us president took troops out of Vietnam for good?

North Vietnam invades South Vietnam

what happens when us takes troops out of Vietnam?

university of paris

place where French protests were

New Economic Mechanism

Used in Hungary, broke up state monopolies, allowed some private retail stores, and encouraged private agriculture

new economic system

used in east Germany that limited private ownership; kind of getting rid of communism

Albania and Romania

countries that stick to stalinist principles while other nations are changing

poland

country that had a demoralized economy

samizdat

independent published writings in pamphlets that criticized communism and paved the way for future revolts and uprisings

Prague spring

attempted liberation of Czechoslovakia; votes out "Stalinist" leader

Alexander dubcek

appointed leader of Czechoslovakia during the Prague spring that wanted to relax censorship and have personal freedoms

bruzhnev doctrine

said that USSR had the right to and would intervene in any communist nation when it felt the need to do so

Margaret thatcher

first woman Prime Minister of Britain

stagflation

a period of slow economic growth, high unemployment, and high inflation

silent spring

a book written to voice the concerns of environmentalists; launched the environmentalist movement by pointing out the effects of civilization development

Jackson pollock

artist that practiced drip art

Betty freidan

co-founded NOW and was the author of the "Feminine Mystique"

they didn't want to disturb production jobs

why didn't the east post-industrialize?

chapter 77

criticized government for ignoring Helsinki Accords

helsinki accords

agreement in Czechoslovakia that pushes for human rights, environment, and censorship

Korol Wojtyla

Pope John Paul II

Lech Walesa

Leader of Solidarity

solidarity

movement that started out as a strike; wanted freedom of speech and unions to exist

General Jaruzeiski

Poland's communist leader that arrests solidarity leaders

detente

policy of reducing Cold War tensions that was adopted by the United States during the presidency of Richard Nixon

USSR invades Afghanistan

what ends Detente?

Mikhail Gorbachev

takes over after Yuri Andropov; pro-communism; realized USSR was falling behind and that there was much waste in the arms race; condemned alcholism

Helmet Kohl

one of Reagan's allies from west germany

Yuri Andropov

takes over after Brezhnev for 2 1/2 years

perestroika

A policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev that involved restructuring communist Russia towards a market-based economy and society

glasnost

a policy of the Soviet government allowing freer discussion of social problems; openness

Tadeusz Mazowiecki

A Solidarity leader, who became Prime Minister of Poland

shock therapy

planning for as rapid a shift to a market economy as possible in poland

people from east germany can now get to west germany without crossing the Berlin wall

what happens as a result of east germany opening their border to czechslovakia and austria?

germany reunified

what happens as a result of the Berlin Wall going down?

Boris Yeltsin

First president of the Russian Republic; Helped end the USSR and force Gorbachev to resign

common wealth

A self-governing territory associated with another country