bio final

Burks

where is the thermorecepters located -

hypothalamus and skin

which skin sensory receptor will detect pain, heat, and cold -

free nerve endings

which of the following hormones is mismatched with its producing gland? -

ovaries - follicle - stimulating hormone

what is the normal normal ph of blood -

slightly basic

5)What substance is lost during prolonged exercise that causes a person to sweat heavily?

electrolytes

If the nerves between the eyes and the ears were switched, stimulation of the mechancreceptors in the ear would result in

hearing sounds.

The kidneys play a role in the synthesis of vitamin D, which means they will also -

play a role in the homiestaces

Which gland produces melatonin? -

pineal gland

Which disorder is characterized by the overproduction of growth hormone in an adult?

- acromegaly

Which substance is removed from the blood during tubular secretion?

- H+

The urethra is controlled by two sphincters, one composed of smooth muscle and one composed of skeletal muscle.

- true

Which part of the brain is involved in sensory adaptation?

thalamus

Which of the following is a feature of endocrine glands?

They secrete a hormone directly into the bloodstream.

The secretion of which hormones qualify the pancreas as an endocrine gland?

they secreat hormones directly into the blood stream

The type of taste called umami allows us to enjoy what type of flavor?

savory

where are the taste buds located

on the well of the papilllae

Which of the following is an endocrine gland?

all choseces are endocrine glands

How are type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus similar?

body cant produce insaline in both

Which of the following sensory receptors will not detect the sense of touch?

Krause end bulbs

Identify which of the following factors can lead to kidney stones.

- consumption of too much calcium

Why is the dialysate continually replaced in hemodialysis?

to maintain a favorable concentration gradient with the blood

Which organ produces steroid hormones? -

all of the answer choices produce steroid hormones.

Which of the following foods would cause a rapid spike in insulin production?

A candy bar

When blood pressure increases, what type of sensory receptor detects this?

an interoceptor called a baroreceptor

When you eniored the room, there was a faint mell of smoke, but after about an hour; you no longer noticed the smell. What happened?

- sensory adaptation

Which products can be broken down to increase blood glucose levels?

All of these can be broken down to increase blood glucose levels.

The hypothalamus is connected to which structure via a portal system?

- anterior pituitary

Which feature is primarily associated with individuals who have Type 2 diabetes?

The individual tends to be overweight or obese

How will the adrenal cortex respond to the stress of dealing with a global pandemic for nearly 2 years -

Glucocorticoids are released, which cause prote in and fat metabolism to occur

Damage to or a tumor on which organ would lead to a disruption of the nervous and endocrine system

hypothalamus

How are excretion and defecation alike? -

Both eliminate waste from the body.

Substances that are nonfilterable in the glomerulus exit the nephron through which structure?

efferent arteriole

Each nephron empties into its own collecting duct before emptying into the bladder.

false

If you do not drink enough water, which hormone will the hypothalamus produce to regulate urine production?

- ADH

The adrenal medulla controls the short-term response to stress by

raising blood glucose levels.

What is the correct order of cells within the retina starting in the posterior compartment and ending in the choroid?

ganglion cell layer, bipolar cell layer, rod and cone cell

Nerve signals from taste buds go to the located between the parietal and temporal lobes, while those for olfactory cells go to the olfactory cortex located primarily in the

gustatory cortex; temporal lobe

Which of the following is a layer or coat of the eye?

All of the answer choices are layers of the eye.

Which of the following is involved in rotational equilibrium?

- ampulla

Which of the following is not involved in blood calcium homeostasis

posterior pituitary

Which structures are regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormones?

testes

the inner medulla of the kidney is _ to the loop of Henle and therefore, water leaves the loop the descending limb and collecting duct

hypertonic

Which of the following statements is true about growth hormone?

- All of the answer choices are true about growth hormones.

Which brain system do the olfactory bulbs network with, in order for memories to be elicited by smell?

- limbic system

Which structure provides a long-term response to stress?

adrenal cortex

The hormone produced by the parathyroid gland produces a rise in the blood level of what product?

calcium

Which type of diabetes usually starts during adulthood?

type two

what effect does celluler resperation

it lowers the ph

which of the following organs of the urinary system is the storage area for urain

bladder

Which of the following are metabolic waste products?

a) urea, B) ammonia, C) creatinine

Which of the following is not part of the glomerular filtrate?

- plasma proteins

Which part of the nephron contains podocytes?

glomerular capsule

When the ciliary muscle is relaxed, the suspensory ligament is

taut and the lens is flattened.

Which statement is associated with endocrine glands?

Their secretions are transported into the bloodstream.

Taste buds

are located on the tongue, hard palate, pharynx, and epiglottis.

Steroid hormones are derived from what molecule?

- cholesterol

In the analogy where the liver is like the sewage treatment plant, the kidneys are like

the trucks that take the waste out of town.

Why does glucose appear in the urine of a person with diabetes?

The carriers for glucose reabsorption reach their maximum rate of transport.

What is an infection of the urinary bladder called?

cystitis

What is the success rate for a kindey transplant when the donor is a relative?

- 97%

What pancreatic hormone stimulates the breakdown of glycogen into glucose when blood glucose levels are low?

- glucagon

Which of the following is found within the cochlea

- spiral organ

Which of the following is produced by the adrenal glands?

- All of the answer choices are produced by the adrenal glands.

Which structure does not play a role in helping the body maintain equilibrium

Vagus nerve

When insulin is secreted, what happens

Glucose is taken up by the cells.

Which of the following cutaneous receptors is mismatched with its function?

- Pacinian corpuscles, fine touch

The receptors involved in our sense of equilibrium are

mechanoreceptors.

Why do some people avoid drinking beverages with caffeine right before bedtime?

It increases the flow of urine and causes you to go to the bathroom during the night.

What hormones regulate the reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal convoluted tubule?

aldosterone and renin

Which of the following is considered a secondary or additional function of the urinary system?

- synthesis of vitamin D

Which receptor category is required in order for a person to be able to taste or smell something?

- thermoreceptor

Gravitational equilibrium is responsible for detecting up and down movements of the head

true

Which of the following are parts of the kidney

(B)ureter, (C) pelvis, collecting ducts ) medulla

Why does a heart attack radiate pain in the left shoulder and arm?

Sometimes, stimulation of internal pain receptors is felt as pain from the skin.

Which of the following are parts of a nephron? -

A proximal convoluted tubule, B) loop of Helen C) renal cortex, E) glomerular capsule

The collecting duct of the nephron originates in what region of the kidney and extends to what region of the kidney?

- renal cortex to the renal pelvis

Which of the following is involved in blood glucose homeostasis? -

All of the answer choices are involved in blood glucose homeostasis.

Which of the following statements is true concerning olfactory cells? -

All of the answer choices are true concerning olfactory cells.

How are the nervous system and the endocrine system alike? -

They both regulate the activities of other systems.

Which of the following is a type of cutaneous receptor? -

All of the answer choices are types of cutaneous receptors.

Which of the following structures of the inner ear play a role in equilibrium?

- semicircular canal and vestibule

Identify the functions of the kidneys..

- Help regulate the acid-base balance of the blood, Reabsorb filtered nutrients, Produce the hormone erythropoietin.

Many rod cells share one bipolar cell but cone cells do not. Certain cone cells synapse with only one ganglion cell. What are the consequences of this arrangement?

- (I Cone cells distinguish more detail than rod cells.

Which of the following is a function of the urinary system? -.

All of the answer choices are functions of the urinary system

A blockage to the podocytes, within the nephron, could lead to which of the following conditions?

- B) a change in the rate at which blood filtrate will be produced © a change in the composition of the filtrate within the blood,D)a change in the pH levels within the blood stream

Where are the adrenal glands located?

on top of the kidney

Why does urine frequently have an acidic pH?

- The kidneys filter and excrete H+ from the blood.

Which layer of the eye contains an extensive blood supply? -

choroid

The kidneys interact with every other organ system of the human body in maintaining homeostasis

- True

In what way are the senses of taste and smell different? -

Taste depends on a "weighted average" of all the taste messages, while smell depends on the signature of olfactory cells stimulated.

Check all of the following that assist the kidneys in excretion of nitrogenous wastes. -

A)sweat glands,B) liver,D) blood,(E) muscles

In farsightedness -

the eyeball is shorter than normal.

How much of the cerebral cortex is involved in processing of visual information?

- one third

What is one of the earliest signs of nephron damage? -

albumin or formed elements in the urine

When someone has gigantism they will often have what health condition? -

diabetes mellitus

The thyroid gland is located

- neck

Place the parts of the nephron in order of how filtration would occur.
1. ascending limb of loop
2.descending limb of loop
3.proximal convoluted tubule
4.glomerulus
5.collecting duct
6. distal convoluted tubule

4,3, 2, 1, 6,5

Which of the following statements about hormones is true? .

- All of the answer choices are true of hormones

which hormone will contain four carbon rings

steroid hormone

How can you tell the difference between the sound of a tuba and that of a flute?

Each part of the spiral organ is sensitive to different wave frequencies.