First Responder

Which one of the following is NOT a typical component of an EMS system?

clinics

All care provided by EMS personnel within an EMS system is authorized by a(n)

Medical director

which one of the following BEST describes the role of the Emergency Medical Responder in an EMS system?

cares for immediate life threats and assists EMT’s

Emergency Medical Dispatchers receive training that allows them to:

provide prearrival care instructions

which one of the following receives the highest level of training in an EMS system?

paramedic

guidelines written by the medical director describe the car that EMS personnel provide for patients. those guidelines are called:

protocols

which one of the following would most likely be considered a standing order?

begin CPR on a victim of cardiac arrest

protocols and standing orders are forms of:

off-line medical direction

the care that an Emergency Medical Responder is allowed and supposed to provide according to local, start, or regional regulations or statues is known as:

scope of practice

as a member of the EMS team, your primary role is one of:

safety

which one of the terms below is best defines as what an emergency medical responder is allowed to do base don the U.S. dept of transportation educational standards as well as state and local statues and regulations?

scope of practice

which one of the following is an example of an advance directive?

DNR order

what type of consent is necessary to obtain from responsive, competent adult patients?

expressed

which one of the following is not true about informed consent?

it is the same as implied consent

you are caring for an overdose patient who is unresponsive. you are legally allowed to provide care based on what type of consent?

implied

which one of the following patients may legally refuse care at the scene of an emergency?

68 y/o alert woman having chest pain

which one of the following is not an element required for a claim of negligence?

absence of duty

most states require emergency medical responders and other EMS personnel to report incidents involving known or suspected:

abuse or neglect

you have been dispatched to a shooting with three possible victims. before entering the scene, you should:

ensure that the scene has been made safe by law enf’t

which one of the following is MOST likely a breach of patients confidentiality by an Emergency Medical responder?

returns to the station and shares details of the call with colleagues

proper body mechanics is best defined as

properly using you rabid to facilitate a lift or move

an emergency medical responder should immediately move a patient except when the patient:

has mild shortness of breath

when lifting a patient, your feet should be placed

a comfortable distance apart

good body mechanics means keeping your back ___ and bending at the knees when lifting a patient or large object

straight

the load on your back is minimized if you can keep the weight you are carrying:

as close to your body as possible

what type of move is used when there is no immediate threat to the patients life?

standard

which one of the following would be the best choice for a stable patient with a suspected spine injury?

shoulder drag

which one of the following patients would best be served by being placed in the recovery position?

a child who is unresponsive following a seizure

before restraining a combative patient, the emergency medical responder should obtain ___ assistance.

law enforcement

which one of the following devices is best suited to carry a responsive patient with no suspected spine injury down a flight of stairs?

stair chair

rescue breathing is

the application of manual ventilations

when performing the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver on an adult, tilt the head:

as far back as possible

the recommended method for opening the airway of a patient with a possible neck or spine injury is the ___ maneuver

jaw-thrust

clinical death occurs when the patient’s:

heart beat and breathing have stopped

a pocket face mask allows the rescuer to provide ventilation while minimizing:

direct contact with the patients mouth and nose

during rescue breathing, you should check for adequate breathing by:

looking for chest rise and fall, listening for airflow, and observing skin color

if an infant becomes unresponsive before you can clear an airway obstruction, you should first:

place her on a firm surface and begin chest compressions

for suctioning a patient, the appropriate BSI precautions include:

eye and face protection

which one of the following improves ventilations delivered by way of a bag-mask device?

inserting an oropharyngeal airway

which one of the following is recommended for cleaning an airway obstruction in an unresponsive 10 month old baby?

chest thrusts

the primary muscle of respiration is the:

diaphragm

the ___ prevents food and other material from entering the trachea

epiglottis

deep within the lungs, the __ are the tiny balloon like structures where gas exchanges take place

alveoli

all of the following are signs of inadequate breathing EXCEPT:

good chest rise and fall

when caring for an unresponsive patient, tilting her head back improves the airway by:

lifting her tongue from the back of her throat

an airway stoma is found on the:

neck

noisy breathing is a sign of ___ airway obstruction

partial

you have just made two attempts to ventilate an unresponsive child with an airway obstruction. your next step is to:

begin chest compressions

supplemental oxygen can be helpful to ill or injured patients by:

increasing the concentration of available oxygen

which one of the following best describes the oxygen consumption of a normally functioning human being?

each breath we exhale contains approximately 16% oxygen

all of the following are reasons a patient might need supplemental oxygen EXCEPT:

being upset over the breakup with a bf/gf

which one of the following best defines the term oxygen concentration?

concentration of oxygen inspired by the patient

one of the most common consequences of over inflating a patient during rescue breathing is

gastric distention

for most patients, an emergency medical responder’s assessment begins with performing a scene size-up followed by:

primary assessment

after arriving on scene but before making patient contact, you should:

take BSI precautions

the primary assessment begins with:

forming a general impression

the assessment of a patients level of responsiveness includes using the __ scale

AVPU

in a SAMPLE history, the e represents

events leading to the illness or injury

when assessing circulation for a responsive adult patient, you should assess the ___ pulse

radial

when assessing a trauma patient with NO significant mechanism of injury, perform a focused secondary assessment, followed by:

vital signs

the first and most important general principle of patient assessment states

do not further harm

the steps of a primary assessment include forming a general impressions, assessing mental status, assessing ABCs, and:

determine priority for transport

you are assessing a patient and discover her respirations to be 6 and shallow. you should:

provide manual ventilations

a patient who presents with normal vital signs and shows no indications of a life-threatening problem may be described as:

stable

when assessing a trauma patient who has a significant mechanism of injury, perform a rapid secondary assessment followed by:

vital signs

you have arrived to find a conscious and alert adult male complaining of moderate abdominal pain. you have completed a primary assessment. you should:

perform a focused secondary assessment

you have arrived to find a conscious and alert child with obvious deformity to his right forearm. you should:

perform a primary assessment

your patient is an unresponsive woman with a history of diabetes. you completed a primary assessment. you should:

perform a rapid secondary assessment

a patient with altered mental status is best defined as one who:

is not alert or responsive to surroundings

a patient who is unresponsive and having full-body muscle contractions is likely experiencing a(n):

seizure

which one of the following is the best example of appropriate care for a seizure patient?

keep him from injuring himself, and place him in the recovery position following the seizure

a patient who presents with abnormal behavior that is unacceptable to family members and others is said to be experiencing a(n):

behavioral emergency

one of the best techniques for dealing with a patient experiencing a behavioral emergency is to:

speak in a calm and reassuring voice

which one of the following is NOT evaluated as part of the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke scale?

equal circulation

your patient is presenting with an altered mental status and a history of diabetes. he states that he took his normal dose of insulin this morning but has not had anything to eat. his most likely problem is:

hypoglycemia

you are caring for a 16 y/o who intentionally ingested a large number of Tylenol pills approximately 30 minutes ago. you should:

contact poison control

you have responded to a call for a possible OD, you should first:

ensure the scene is safe

what is the most commonly abused chemical in the United States?

alcohol

a diabetic who forgets to take her insulin and continues to eat a meal will most likely become:

hyperglycemic

which medical emergency is caused by a disruption of blood flow to the brain?

stroke

once a seizure has ended, the patient is said to be in the __ state

postictal

the process of sending a patients blood through an artificial filter is referred to as:

hemodialysis

all of the following are common causes of renal failure EXCEPT:

heart attack

you are caring for a 10 y/o boy who was stung by a bee. he is crying in pain and able to breathe and swallow without difficulty. you observe a small red dot where the sting occurred, and he states that it itches. this is most likely a:

mild reaction that may not require transport

a severe allergic reaction causes the air passages:

to constrict and the blood vessels to dilate

in which one of the following situations is the patient losing body heat primarily by conduction?

a 66 year old male found lying on the frozen ground without a coat

more serious heat related injuries should be suspected when the patient presents with:

hot, dry skin

your patient is a 34 y/o male who has been working outside in hot, humid climate. he is alert and oriented, complaining of feeling weak and dizzy. his skin is warm and moist, and he has respirations of 16, a heart rate of 104, and a blood pressure of 110/70. you should:

move the patient to a cool area in the shade

a patient who is experiencing an abnormally low body core temp is said to be:

hypothermic

an injury characterized by the freezing or near freezing of a body part is known as:

frostbite

all of the following are appropriate steps in the management of a patient with a generalized cold emergency, EXCEPT:

providing warm liquids to drink

a patient who presents with warm, moist skin; weakness; and nausea is likely experiencing

heat exhaustion

your patient was hiking and was bitten on the ankle by a rattlesnake. when caring for this patient, you should:

keep the foot lower than the level of the patient’s heart

it is late winter, and you respond to an alley to find a homeless man lying on the ground. your patient presents with confusion, shivering, and muscle stiffness. based on his presentation, this mans likely problem is:

generalized hypothermia

you are caring for a person who fell from a rope swing, landed in the water, and is now unresponsive. she has a large laceration on the top of her head. you should:

suspect spine injury

you are caring for a marathon runner who has collapsed at the finish line. she presents with altered mental status, hot and dry skin, and is vomiting. you should first:

ensure she has a clear airway

which one of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of arterial bleeding?

blood flows steadily from the wound

when attempting to control bleeding, which one of the following procedures will follow direct pressure?

pressure bandage

most cases of external bleeding can be controlled by: