heart

restores blood flow by dissolving the blood clot, and it may help people who have had ischemic stroke

TPA

carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart and branches to arteries of the lungs, then arterioles

pulmonary artery

what are the 3 functions of the cardiovascular system

transportation

protection

regulation

RBCs, plasma, nutrients, waste

transportation

WBCs and platelets (protect against infection and blood loss)

protection

temp, pH (maintain fluid balance and homeostasis)

regulation

carry blood away from the heart

arteries

provide exchange between blood and tissues

capillaries

cary blood towards the heart

veins

t or f: there are some cells in a multicellular organism that don’t need constant need of blood

false

3 purposes of blood

\-bring o2 and nutrients to cells

\-bring co2 and wastes away from cells

bring wbcs to infection sites

what are the components of blood?

plasma, white blood, and red blood

what is the greatest component of blood and the least

>plasma

the circulatory system is a ? of ? that conducts blood to the ? body

conduit of vessels

entire

thick walled, elastic and muscular to withstand pressure exerted by blood pumped by the beating heart

arteries

what is the largest artery

aorta

smaller than arteries, have muscular walls that constrict or relax to control blood pressure

arterioles

simple epithelial lining, very thin walled

capillaries

functional unit for exchange between blood and tissue cells

capillaries

smaller than veins

venules

thinner walls than arteries, have valves to maintain blood flow in the right direction since much lower pressure in them, muscles squeeze them to help blood flow

veins

largest veins

inferior vena cava and superior vena cava

what is the point of valves

prevent backflow

narrow lumen

arteries

very narrow lumen

capillaries

wide lumen

veins

circulatory system between the heart and lungs

pulmonary circulation

carries oxygenated blood back to the heart

pulmonary vein

what happens to o2 in the cpailalires of the lungs

diffuses into the capillary & binds to hemoglobin in RBCs

what happens to co2 when it leaves the plasma through capillary wall

diffuses into the lung to be exhaled

circulatory system between the heart and the rest of the body (not the lungs)

circulatory circulation 

carries oxygenated blood away from heart and branches into arteries of the rest of the body, then arterioles

aorta

in capillaries of the rest of the body, o2 is ? from ? of RBCs and diffuses through the capillary walls to enter surrounding tissue

unbound from hemoglobin

co2 ? the tissue and ? into the ? to dissolve in ?

leaves

diffuses

capillaries

plasma

is the heart a double or single pump

double

pumps deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body to the lungs (pulmonary circuit)

right side

pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body

left side

3 functions of the heart

pump

rhythm/electrical activity

coronary arteries

blood flow to the heart tissue itself

coronary arteries

the heart is made up of ? cells

muscle cells

muscle cells that make up the heart

myocardium

right atrium and left atrium

superior

right ventricle and left ventricle

inferior

right side

pulmonary circuit

left side

systemic circuit

what determines the rhythm of the heart

electrical activity

what does the heart have to create and propagate electrical signals

conduction system

the force exerted by blood on the walls of the blood vessels

blood pressure

why do we routinely measure arterial pressure in the brachial (arm) artery

because the results are different along different vessels

can blood pressure be measured in any artery ?

yes

determined by cardiac output and vascular resistance

blood pressure

determined by the amount of blood you heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in your arteries

blood pressure

the more blood you heart pumps the ? your arteries and the ? your blood pressure

narrower/higher

damage to muscle

cardiomyopathy

damage to heart, damage to blood vessels, aberrant rhythm/electrical activity

CVD

heart rhythm disorders

arrhythmias

stenosis

narrowing og valves

heart attack

heart failure

stroke

aneurysm

peripheral artery disease

complications of heart disease

what cells are constantly working and are in constant need of o2 and nutrients for energy (also generate waste and co2 they have to get rid of

myocardial cells

t or f: myocardial cells do not need to have their own blood supply

false

coronary artery disease is thought to being with damage or injury to the ? layer of the coronary artery

inner

hardening of the arteries

arteriosclerosis

narrowing of arteries due to build up of plaque

arteriosclerosis 

what does atherosclerosis cause

heart attack

age, gender, fhx

\
tobacco/alc, high BP, sendetary, poor diet, obesity, diabetes, stressors , high cholesterol

risk factors for coronary artery disease

what is the public health intervention to combat heart failure

reduce risk factors

men have a greater prev than women?

yes

picks up electrical impulses generated by the polarization and depolarization of cardiac tissue and translates into waveform that measures the rate of regularity of heartbeats

ECG or EKG

fluttering

racing HB

slwo HB

chest pain

sob

lightheadness

dizziness

fainting

arrhymias

t or f: ventricular fibrillation is the most deadly

true

why arrthimia happen?

specialized electrical conducting cells are very sensitive to decreased oxygen

the heart is not beating effectively enough to pump blood

sudden cardiac arrest

are sudden cardiac arrest and a heart attack the same ?

no

either pacemaker cells stop initiating electrical signal or other cells send out electrical signals that are very fast and override the pacemaker cells

sudden cardiac arrest

blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked and the heart usually doesn’t suddenly stop beating

heart attack

what condition is sudden cardiac arrest linked with

coronary artery disease

collapse, LOC, no pulse, stop breathing

symtoms of sudden cardiac arrest

is CPR a temp fix ?

yes

when the ventricles contract

systole

when ventricles relax

diastole

damage the delicate lining of blood vessels

weaken blood vessels themselves making them stretch out and possible rupture

means the heart has to work harder to push blood forward against this pressure

effects of hypertension

\

enlarged heart muscle

cardiac hypertrophy

inability to pump

heart failure

death of myocardial cells due to lack of o2

myocardial infarction

high blood pressure is caused from consumption of

sodium

occurs when the blood suuply to the brain is interrupted or severely reduced, depriving brain tissue of of 02 and nutrients. within min the brain cells begin to die

stoke

may be caused by a blocked artery or leaking of bursting of a blood vessel

stroke

temporary disruption of blood flow to brain

TIA

90% of strokes

ischemic attack

10% of stokes

hemorrhagic

this type of stroke occurs when a blood vessel Burts within the brain

hemorrhagic

this type of stock occurs when a blood clot blocks the blood flow in an artery within the brain

ischemic

blood clot forms in one of the arteries that supply blood to the brain

thrombotic stroke

the lumen is occluded by a piece of debris (plaque or clot) that moved downstream in the blood vessels until it got stuck in an artery of the brain

embolic stroke

what is the leading cause of serious long-term disability

stroke

t or f: stock effects vary based on the location of blood Bessel involved

true FA

FAST

facial weakness

arm wekaness

speech diffuculties

time

prent hypertension, high cholersertol, diabetes, maintain healthy weight, avoid behavior risks

primary for stroke

screen for hypertension, high cholersertol, diabetes, and treat if found under control

secondary

rapid identification, meds, rehab, educate FAST

tertiary