Health Final

What is heredity?

Traits passed on from parents

What is environment?

Surroundings including people, culture, and place

What are peers?

People of same age and interests

What is culture?

Beliefs, customs, and behaviors of a group

What is media?

Various methods of communication

What is technology?

Radio, TV, and Internet

What are risk behaviors?

Actions that threaten health

What is infection?

Pathogens entering body and body unable to fight them off

What is cumulative risk?

Related risks that increase in effect with each added risk

What is prevention?

Action taken to decrease chance of disease or condition

What is abstinence?

Deliberate decision to avoid high-risk behaviors

What are lifestyle factors?

Personal habits or behaviors related to the way a person lives

What is health education?

Helps people understand health facts and take action to prevent or treat health problems

What are healthy people?

National health goals and objectives set by the federal government

What are health disparities?

Differences in health outcomes among groups

What is health literacy?

Knowing how to find trustworthy health information and understand test results

What is self-directed?

A learner who searches for health information to make health-related decisions

What is perception?

Becoming aware through the senses

What is psychosomatic response?

Physical reaction that results from stress

What is chronic stress?

Caused by long-term problems that a person cannot control

What is relaxation response?

State of calm

What are the stages of grief?

Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

What is closure?

Acceptance of loss

What is coping?

Dealing successfully with difficult changes in life

What is mourning?

Act of showing sorrow or grief

What are traumatic events?

Sudden shocks that may make one feel unsafe or insecure about the future

What is anxiety?

Feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen

What is depression?

Prolonged feelings of sadness that may produce additional symptoms

What is a mood disorder?

Illness that involves mood extremes that interfere with everyday living

What is conduct disorder?

Engaging in destructive behaviors such as stealing, cruelty, aggression, violence, truancy, arson, and vandalism

What is alienation?

Feeling isolated and separated from everyone else

What is suicide?

Intentionally taking one's own life

What are cluster suicides?

Series of suicides occurring within a short period of time and involving several people in the same school or community

What is psychotherapy?

Ongoing dialogue between a patient and a mental health professional

What is behavior therapy?

Treatment process that focuses on changing unwanted behaviors through rewards and reinforcements

What is cognitive therapy?

Treatment that is designed to identify and correct disordered thinking patterns

What is family therapy?

Treatment pattern that focuses on helping the family function in more positive ways

What is group therapy?

Treatment with similar people

What is drug therapy?

Treatment with medication

What is nutrition?

Process of using food

What are nutrients?

Substances in food for growth and energy

What are calories?

Unit of heat for energy

What is osteoporosis?

Condition of fragile bones

What is hunger?

Body's signal for fuel

What is appetite?

Desire for food through senses

What are carbohydrates?

Starches and sugars for energy

What is fiber?

Complex carbohydrate body can't digest

What are proteins?

Nutrients for building cells and tissues

What are fats?

Nutrient from diet

What is saturated fat?

Solid fat from animal products

What is unsaturated fat?

Liquid fat from plants

What is trans fat?

Unhealthy fat from processed foods

What is healthy fat?

Unsaturated fat from nuts and fish

What are vitamins?

Compounds for regulating body processes

What are minerals?

Elements for the body

What is cholesterol?

Waxy substance for cell walls and hormones

What are the dietary guidelines for Americans?

Recommendations for eating and activity

What is MyPlate?

Interactive guide for healthy living

What are nutrient-dense foods?

Foods with high nutrient ratio

What are food deserts?

Areas with limited access to healthy food

What are food additives?

Substances added to food for effect

What is foodborne illness?

Disease from bacteria or viruses in food

What is pasteurization?

Treating substances with heat to kill or slow the growth of pathogens.

cross-contamination

the spreading of pathogens from one food to another

food allergies

a condition in which the body's immune system reacts to substances in some foods

food intolerances

a negative or dangerous reaction to food that does not involve the immune system

metabolism

the process by which your body breaks down substances and gets energy from food

Body Mass Index (BMI)

a measure of body weight relative to height

overweight

above the standard weight range

underweight

below the standard weight range

obese

overweight

osteoarthritis

A disease of the joints in which cartilage breaks down

body image

the way you see your body

fad diets

diets that promise quick, easy weight loss

weight cycling

a repeated pattern of losing and regaining body weight

eating disorders

mental illnesses; eating in ways that are harmful to your health

anorexia nervosa

an eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves

bulimia nervosa

an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging

binge eating disorder

significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but without the compensatory purging, fasting, or excessive exercise that marks bulimia nervosa

vegetarian

a person who eats mostly or only plant-based foods

dietary supplements

products that supply one or more nutrients as a supplement to, not a substitute for, healthful foods

autoimmune disease

a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks itself, targeting the cells, tissues, and organs of a person's own body

performance enhancers

substances that boost athletic ability

herbal supplements

dietary supplements containing plant extracts

megadose

a very large amount of a dietary supplement

cardiorespiratory endurance

the ability of your heart, lungs, and blood vessels to send fuel and oxygen to your tissues during long periods of moderate to vigorous activity

Muscular Strength

The amount of force a muscle can exert

muscular endurance

the ability of your muscles to perform physical tasks over a period of time without tiring

flexibility

The ability to move your body parts through their full range of motion

aerobic exercise

all rhythmic activities that use large muscle groups for an extended period of time

anerobic exercise

Involves intense, short bursts of activity in which the muscles work so hard that they produce energy without using oxygen

Specifity

Choosing the right types of activities to improve a given element of fitness

Overload

Exercising at a level that's beyond your regular daily activities

Progression

Gradually increasing the demands on your body

warm up

gentle cardiovascular activity that prepares the muscles for work

workout

the part of an exercise session when you are exercising at your highest peak

cool down

low-level activity that prepares your body to return to a resting state

resting heart rate

the number of times your heart beats per minute when you are not active

Frostbite

damage to the skin and tissues caused by extreme cold

Hypothermia

Dangerously low body temperature as a result of exposure to extreme cold