US History 1 Midterm Review: Lectures 1-9

All of the following systems were institutions that Spain used in colonizing the New World except:

The patroonship system

Based on the image, which statement below best describes the Indian tribe that inhabited these ruins?

The Tribe Live in permanent structures as part of a community and housing was based on interaction with environment.

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about North America Native American societies in 1491?

They formed diverse societies and economies based in part on their interactions with the environment.

Which of the following best represents continuity with the expressed in Powell’s work?

The idea of Manifest Destiny which later influenced political debates before the Civil War.

Which of the following did not enable Europeans to establish colonies and trading posts in the New World and Asia?

The invention of ironclad warships

Which of the following colonizing groups would have most opposed the relationship illustrated above?

The British

Which European country dominated international commerce in the early seventeenth century?

The Netherlands

Why did European exploration of the New World proceed  so rapidly after Columbus's discoveries?

Gutenberg's invention of the printing press enabled the rapid spread of information

Adam Smith recorded in 1776 that the " two greatest and most important " events in the history of mankind were the:

Discovery of America and the Portuguese sea route around Africa to Asia

In their relations with native Americans the Dutch:

Concentrated more on economics than religious conversion

New France was characterized by:

More peaceful European-Indian relations than existed in New Spain

The Encomienda system established by the Spanish in the mid-1500's:

Recognized Indians as free but required them to perform a fixed amount of labor

The transatlantic flow of people and goods such as corn, potatoes,  horses, and sugar cane is called:

The Columbian Exchange

“The colonizers brought along plants and animals new to the Americas, some by design and others by accident. Determined to farm in a European manner, the colonists introduced their domesticated livestock— honeybees, pigs, horses, mules, sheep, and  cattle—and their domesticated plants, including wheat, barley, rye, oats, grasses, and grapevines. But the colonists also inadvertently carried pathogens, weeds, and rats. . . . In sum, the remaking of the Americas was a team effort by a set of interdependent species led and partially managed (but never fully controlled) by European people.”

Alan Taylor, historian, American Colonies, 2001

Use this excerpt to answer the following question:

The export of New World crops to the Old World transformed European society mostly by

Improving diets and thereby stimulating population growth

“The colonizers brought along plants and animals new to the Americas, some by design and others by accident. Determined to farm in a European manner, the colonists introduced their domesticated livestock—honeybees, pigs, horses, mules, sheep, and cattle—and their domesticated plants, including wheat, barley, rye, oats, grasses, and grapevines. But the colonists also inadvertently carried pathogens, weeds, and rats. . . . In sum, the remaking of the Americas was a team effort by a set of interdependent species led and partially managed (but never fully controlled) by European people.”

Alan Taylor, historian, American Colonies, 2001

Use the above excerpt to answer the following question:

The patterns described in the excerpt most directly foreshadowed which of the following developments?

The population decline in Native American societies

“The colonizers brought along plants and animals new to the Americas, some by design and others by accident. Determined to farm in a European manner, the colonists introduced their domesticated livestock—honeybees, pigs, horses, mules, sheep, and cattle—and their domesticated plants, including wheat, barley, rye, oats, grasses, and grapevines. But the colonists also inadvertently carried pathogens, weeds, and rats. . . . In sum, the remaking of the Americas was a team effort by a set of interdependent species led and partially managed (but never fully controlled) by European people.”

Alan Taylor, historian, American Colonies, 2001

Use the above excerpt to answer the following question:

The trends described by Taylor most directly illustrate which of the following major historical developments in the Atlantic world?

The phenomenon known as the Columbian Exchange

As a consequence of the new European crops and livestock brought to America as part of the Colombian Exchange illustrated above?

There were far-reaching effects on native settlement patterns as well as on economic, social, and political developments in the Old World

What motivated the Portuguese to begin exploration to find a water route to India , China, and the East Indies?

To eliminate the Muslim "middle man" in the luxury goods trade 

The European countries that led the way in Exploration had all of the following in common Except      

Were Protestant countries

Conditions like these shown in the image contributed most significantly to what broader impact. 

The advantage of the Spanish and Portuguese  in conquering  Native American populations

What is the most important reason for the marked change in the African population in the Southern British mainland colonies beginning in 1680?

Bacon's Rebellion led plantation owners to search out a source of labor that could be more easily controlled

Which of the following historical developments most directly led to the end of the labor system seen in the image?

The inability to exert substantial  control over the white indentured labor force 

Considering that these charts represent a larger trend throughout the colonies, which event was MOST directly a result of this trend?

The Stono Rebellion

Which of the following was a major, unintended consequence of the economic phenomena shown in the map above?

A system that would make race the determining factor in whether one was a slave or not

As a consequence of the English Civil war of the 1640's was:

An English belief that England was the world's guardian of liberty

Carolina grew slowly until:

Rice as a staple crop was discovered to be extremely profitable

Groups in English society sought colonies in America for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

To convert natives to Catholicism 

One of the problems in Jamestown that led to a  high mortality rate in the early years was:

The cultivation of the staple crop tobacco for trade instead of raising foods

Puritan theology included a belief that

God chose who was saved before they were born

Spanish and French colonization patterns differed from those of the English by

included Indians in their society and intermarrying with them

The 1692 witchcraft crisis in Salem illustrates-

that the weak in society were open to persecution by the majority

The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina:

proposed a feudal society in the New World complete with hereditary nobility

The labor force in colonial America included which of the following over the course of the early eighteenth century?

I. African slaves

II. indentured servants

III. free labor from Europe

IV. women began to assume male working roles

V. Indians were forced to work for colonists

I,II,III

The main reason for conflict between native Americans and European settlers in the early English colonies was

population pressures on the English settlers to expand westward 

What did English settlers in North America believe was the basis of liberty?

land

What was Virginia's " gold" which ensured its survival and prosperity?

tobacco

What was William Penn’s Most fundamental principle?

religious freedom

Which of the following is a true statement about the Atlantic slave trade’s effect in West Africa?

It helped lead to the rise of militarized states in west Africa, whose large armies preyed on their neighbors in order to capture slaves

According to the economic theory known as mercantilism:

the government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power

An assumption the English learned in Ireland and brought to their American settlements was

English colonial settlements must remain separated from native populations

The contention that colonial events were directly influenced by events in England is illustrated by which of the following correctly paired events?

the Glorious Revolution- Leisler's Rebellionthe Glorious Revolution- Leisler's Rebellion

The woodcut above is BEST  understood in the context of 

intercultural contact intensifying conflict between colonizers and native people

Which 19th-century development regarding African-Americans BEST parallels the quote above?

A constitutional ban on the African slave trade in 1808

The policies stated in the above law are an example of

Mercantilism

Which of the following groups would MOST likely have financially benefited from the shipping practice illustrated in the illustration above?

New England Merchants

As a result of the French and Indian War-

The colonists resented British interference in local affairs and American militia noted differences between themselves and their English counterparts

Georgia  was established, whose causes included improved conditions for imprisoned debtors and the abolition of :

slavery

In the northern colonies, slaves:

were relatively few in numbers and dispersed among the white population on farms and in cities

The development of rice plantations in South Carolina-

led to a black majority in that colony by the 1730's

The participants in South Carolina's Stono Rebellion

included some slaves  who had been soldiers in Africa

Tobacco plantations in the Chesapeake region :

helped make the Chesapeake colonies models of mercantilism

Which of the following is a true statement about the Atlantic slave trade's effect in West Africa?

It helped lead to the rise of militarized states in West Africa, whose large armies preyed on their neighbors in order to capture slaves

The immediate consequences of Pontiac's Rebellion resulted in most American's believing that:

all Indians should be removed

The French and Indian Wars was triggered by:

conflicting French and English claims to the Ohio river valley

The change in the British government’s policy of Salutary Neglect after 1763 was most likely the result of which of the following.

A desire to push native Americans off tribal land in the Thirteen Colonies

Which  answer  best describes the  meaning of Benjamin West's painting The Death of Wolf?

A positive symbol of British Imperialism

The ideas contained in the Albany Plan of Union would be repackaged later on in which of the following documents?

The Declaration of Independence 1776

Which of the following caused the territorial gains shown in the image?

The french and indian war

What was the primary purpose of the Proclamation Line of 1763?

to bring stability to the colonial frontier

Of the following British actions in the Ohio River Valley, which was the greatest threat to Native tribes?

British colonial settlers moved permanently  into Native American territory and  severely disrupted their lives 

Which of the following groups would MOST LIKELY have supported the point of view expressed in the image above?

The Sons and Daughters of Liberty

After the American Revolution ended, what was the most common consequence that many loyalists faced?

migration out of the former Thirteen Colonies

Thomas Paine’s other notable contribution to the American revolution was his work on which of the following documents?

Author of Common Sense

Through what medium were the intellectual ideas that sparked the American Revolution most effectively and broadly circulated?

reglious sermons

After the battles at Lexington and Concord , the Continental Congress aent the Olive Branch Petitionto the king to:

seek a reconciliation with the Crown by stating colonial grievances

British North American colonists accepted the Navigation Act duties before the Sugar Act because

All of the above

Crispus Attucks:

has been called the first martyr of the American revolution

John Adams recommended George Washington as commander of the Continental army because:

the fact that Washington was an experienced officer and from Virginia could help unify the colonists

Most of the text of the Declaration of Independence:

consists of a list of grievances against King George III

The Declaration of American Rights:

denied Parliaments authority with respect to internal colonial affairs

The Declaratory Act of 1766:

reasserted the government's right to tax the colonists

The Quebec Act of 1774 did all of the following EXCEPT

spark a revolt in Canada

The Stamp Act created such a stir in the colonies because:

it was the first direct tax Parliament imposed on the colonies

The Townshend Act did all of the following EXCEPT

reaffirm Boston's decision to abide by the Quartering Act

The purpose of the Coercive Acts was to:

punish Boston for the Tea Party

What contribution did the Stamp Act contribute to the colonists' concept of liberty?

The Stamp Act Congress insisted that the right to consent to taxation was essential to people's freedom

What major event led the British government to seek ways to make the colonies bear part of the cost of the empire?

the Seven Years War

Why did the colonists object to the Tea Act?

By paying it, they would acknowledge Great Britain's right to tax the colonists

American thinkers influenced by the Enlightenment would most likely emphasize which of the following at gatherings such as the one pictured?

Political and natural rights of man

“Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent 
of the governed. That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these 
ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, 
laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to 
them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.”
Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence, 1776

 

The ideas about government expressed in the excerpt are most consistent with which of 
the following?

The ideas of the Enlightenment

A key consequence of the Battle of Saratoga in October 1777 was:

France became an ally to the United States

After the battles at Lexington and Concord , the Continental Congress aent the Olive Branch Petitionto the king to:

seek a reconciliation with the Crown by stating colonial grievances

British North American colonists accepted the Navigation Act duties before the Sugar Act because

All of the above

Crispus Attucks:

has been called the first martyr of the American revolution

In 1778 the focus of the war shifted :

to the South where the British captured Savannah that year

In the winter of 1776-1777, Washington won important victories that improved American morale. These battles were at:

Trenton and Princeton, New Jersey

John Adams recommended George Washington as commander of the Continental army because:

the fact that Washington was an experienced officer and from Virginia could help unify the colonists

Most of the text of the Declaration of Independence:

consists of a list of grievances against King George III

The Declaration of American Rights:

denied Parliaments authority with respect to internal colonial affairs

The Declaratory Act of 1766:

reasserted the government's right to tax the colonists

The Quebec Act of 1774 did all of the following EXCEPT

spark a revolt in Canada

The Stamp Act created such a stir in the colonies because:

it was the first direct tax Parliament imposed on the colonies

The Townshend Act did all of the following EXCEPT

reaffirm Boston's decision to abide by the Quartering Act

The purpose of the Coercive Acts was to:

punish Boston for the Tea Party

The treaty with Britain that ended the Revolutionary War:

recognized American independence

Washington's defeat of Cornwallis at Yorktown:

destroyed British public support for the war

What contribution did the Stamp Act contribute to the colonists' concept of liberty?

The Stamp Act Congress insisted that the right to consent to taxation was essential to people's freedom

What did Lord Dunmore do that horrified many southerners?

He promised freedom to slaves who joined the British cause

What major event led the British government to seek ways to make the colonies bear part of the cost of the empire?

the Seven Years War

Why did the colonists object to the Tea Act?

By paying it, they would acknowledge Great Britain's right to tax the colonists