COMAP Chapter 2 - Internet (Backup)

Vast network that connects computers all over the world.

Internet

Other name for the internet.

Interconnected Network

An early prototype of the Internet.

ARPANET

ABBREVIATION

ARPANET

Advanced Research Projects Agency Network

Led the development of the ARPANET.

Robert W. Taylor

Developed the TCP/IP technologies.

• Vinton Cerf

• Robert Kahn

ABBREVIATION

TCP/IP

• Transmission Control Protocol

• Internet Protocol

First wide-area packet-switched network with distributed control and one of the first computer networks to implement theTCP/IP protocol suite.

ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network)

Both technologies became the technical foundation of the Internet.

• ARPANET

• TCP/IP

The ARPANET was established by the _ of the United States Department of Defense.

ARPA

ABBREVIATION

ARPA

Advanced Research Prokects Agency

Official birthday of the internet.

January 1, 1983

ENUMERATION

Internet Infrastructure

1. Internet Service Providers (ISP)

2. Data Center and Server Farm

3. Domain Name System (DNS)

ABBREVIATION

1. ISP

2. DNS

1. Internet Service Provider

2. Domain Name System

Company that provides access to the internet.

They can provide this access through multiple means, including dial-up,DSL,cable,wirelessandfiber-opticconnections.

ISP

Physical facility that organizations use to house their critical applications and data.

Data Center

Also known as a server cluster, it is a large number up to thousands of servers grouped together to provide better functionality and accessibility.

Server Farm

Turns domain names into IP addresses, which allow browsers to get to websites and other internet resources.

DNS

ENUMERATION

Networking Basics

1. TCP/IP

2. IP Adresses

Suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet.

TCP/IP

Set of rules for communication over the internet, such as sending mail, streaming video, or connecting to a website

Internet Protocol

Identifies a network or device on the internet.

IP Address

• 32-bit address

IPv4

• 128-bit hexadecimal address

• Large address space

• Simple header

• Increases the IP address from 32 bits to 128 bits to support larger address demands.

IPv6

A software application that allows users to access and navigate websites on the internet.

Web Browser

ENUMERATION

Popular Web Browsers

1. Google Chrome

2. Mozilla Firefox

3. Microsoft Edge

4. Apple Safari

ENUMERATION

How a search engine works.

1. Indexing

2. Ranking

3. Retrieving Information

Practice of optimizing a website or online content to improve its visibility and ranking on search engine results pages.

SEO

ABBREVIATION

1. SEO

2. SERP

1. Search Engine Optimization

2. Serach Enginre Results Pages

ENUMERATION

Website Visibility Techniques

1. Content Marketing

2. Social Media Marketing

3. Link Building

4. Mobile Optimization

5. User Experience (UX) Improvement

6. Local SEO

   1. Analytics and Monitoring

Dominant player in the search engine market.

Google

Process of creating websites and web applications that are accessible and functional on the internet

Web Development

ENUMERATION

Web Building Blocks

1. HTML

2. CSS

3. JavaScript

ABBREVIATION

1. HTML

2. CSS

1. Hypertext Markup Language

2. Cascading Style Sheets

1. Provide structure.

2. Handles presentation.

3. Adds functionality and interactivity to webpages.

1. HTML

2. CSS

3. JavaScript

Refers to the practice of creating websites that adapt and look good on various devices and screen sizes

Responsive Design

ENUMERATION

Key technologies and techniques in responsive design.

1. Media Queries

2. Fluid Grids

3. Flexible Images

4. Viewport Meta Tag

5. CSS Flexbox and Grid Layout

6. Mobile-First Approach

   1. Progressive Enhancement

ENUMERATION

Process of creating a website.

1. Planning

2. Design

3. Content

4. Development

5. Testing

6. Performance Optimization

7. SEO

8. Accessibility

9. Cross-Browser Compatibility

10. Responsive Testing

11. Updates and Maintenance

Pre-built software framework that provides a structure and tools to streamline web application development.

Offers libraries, templates, and APIs to simplify common tasks like handling user requests, managing databases, and rendering web pages.

Web Framework

ENUMERATION

Web Frameworks

1. Django

2. Ruby on Rails

3. Express.js

Software application designed for creating, managing, and organizing digital content on websites.

CMS

ABBREVIATION

CMS

Content Management System

ENUMERATION

Popular CMS platforms.

1. WordPress

2. Joomla

3. Drupal

Refers to the exchange of information, messages, or content over the internet.

Online Communication

ENUMERATION

Two most common email protocols.

1. SMTP

2. IMAP

Responsible for sending email messages.

SMTP

Used for receiving and managing emails on email client.

IMAP

ABBREVIATION

1. SMTP

2. IMAP

1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

2. Internet Message Access Protocol

Software applications or web services that users employ to access and manage their email accounts.

Email Clients

ENUMERATION

Types of Email Clients.

1. Web-Based Clients

2. Desktop Clients

3. Mobile Clients

Accessed through a web browser and include Gmail, Outlook.com, and Yahoo Mail.

Web-Based Clients

Installed on your computer, examples include Microsoft Outlook, Mozilla Thunderbird, and Apple Mail.

Desktop Clients

These are apps for smartphones and tablets, like the Gmail app for Android or the Apple Mail app for iOS

Mobile Clients

Short messages sent and read in real time, allowing you to converse more quickly and easily than email.

IM

ABBREVIATION

IM

Instant Messaging

Buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network, primarily the internet.

E-commerce

It is a payment method that aims to settle money transfers or funds settlements via electronic mode.

Business transactions conducted through the internet are called?

Online transactions

ENUMERATION

Security measures for online transactions.

1. Use two-factor authentication.

2. Verify every transaction.

Financial transaction application that runs on any connected device. It securely stores your payment information and passwords in the cloud.

Digital Waller or Electronic Wallet

Digital currency, which is an alternative form of payment created using encryption algorithms.

Cryptocurrency

Protection of internet-connected systems such as hardware, software and data from cyberthreats.

Cybersecurity

Document that explains how an organization handles any customer, client or employee information gathered in its operations.

Privacy Policy

ENUMERATION

Common online threats.

1. Computer Viruses

2. Malware

3. Phishing

4. Botnets

5. Trojan Horse

Most common among internet security threats out there.

They enter your computers by attaching to a host file or a system.

Computer Viruses

Another common security threat to your computer.

Attacks your files and will only stop until you pay the cybercriminal a hefty ransom.

Malware or Ransomware

Main targets of a this attack include your usernames, passwords, and credit card information.

Phishing

Of all the different forms of internet security threats, this is one of the most dangerous.

Similar to malware. However, it involves a network of computers that hackers compromised.

Botnet

A program that looks legitimate and harmless. But in reality, it is a vector that carries many harmful viruses.

Once it gains network access, it can steal sensitive company data.

Trojan Horse

Works by securing transmitted digital data on the cloud and computer systems.

Encryption

Known as the Data Privacy Act is a law that seeks to protect all forms of information, be it private, personal, or sensitive.

Republic Act No. 10173

The delivery of different services through the Internet.

These resources include tools and applications like data storage, servers, databases, networking, and software.

Cloud Computing

Generally defined in contrast to physical data storage, where recorded data is stored on a hard disk or local drive, or, alternately, a server or device connected to a local network.

Online Storage

ENUMERATION

Cloud Service Models

1. IaaS

2. PaaS

3. SaaS

A cloud service model in which the cloud provider hosts the infrastructure components that provide compute, storage, networking, and virtualization capabilities to the subscriber on an on-demand basis via the internet.

IaaS

A cloud service model that offers users a flexible and scalable cloud platform to develop, deploy, run, and manage apps.

Delivers a framework that developers can use to create customized applications.

PaaS

A software licensing and distribution model in which your full-application stack is delivered as a cloud service.

The software application and its underlying infrastructure are centrally hosted on your vendor’s cloud service and fully maintained and updated by them.

SaaS

ABBREVIATION

1. IaaS

2. PaaS

3. SaaS

1. Infrastructure as a service

2. Platform as a service

3. Software as a service

ENUMERATION

1. Benefits of Cloud Computing

2. Risks of Cloud Computing

BENEFITS

1. Faster time to market

2. Scalability and Flexibility

3. Cost Savings

4. Better Collaboration

RISKS

1. Security Vulnerabilities

2. Availability

3. Compliance and Legal Issues

Refers to any media content, live or recorded, delivered to computers and mobile devices via the internet and played back in real time.

Streaming Entertainment

A type of entertainment experienced thanks to electronic devices such as computers and smartphones.

Digital Entertainment

An on-demand online entertainment source for TV shows, movies, and other streaming media.

Video streaming platforms

ENUMERATION

Video Streaming Platforms.

1. YouTube

2. Hulu

3. Netflix

Method of feeding audio content to your device directly, without requiring you to download files from the internet.

Music streaming services

ENUMERATION

Music Streaming Services.

1. Spotify

2. Apple Music

A digital audio file made available on the Internet for downloading to a computer or mobile device.

Typically available as a series, new installments of which can be received by subscribers automatically.

Podcast

Listening to radio via the internet where the radio signal is not transmitted via AM or FM, but streamed via the internet.

Online radio

Describes the network of physical objects that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet.

Internet of Things

ABBREVIATION

IoT

Internet of Things

Physical objects that can connect with each other and other systems via the internet.

Connected Devices

ENUMERATION

Benefits and challenges of IoT.

BENEFITS

1. Education

2. Communication

3. Healthcare

CHALLENGES

1. Security and Privacy

2. Interoperability

3. Regulation

ENUMERATION

Security Implications of Interconnected Devices

1. Remote Exposure

2. Lack of Industry Foresight

3. Resource Constraints

4. Weak Default Passwords

5. Multiple Connected Devices

6. Lack of Encryption

Web-based hub that provides students with comprehensive access to educational materials, including lectures, resources, interactive forums, and more, in one convenient location.

E-learning Platforms and Online Courses

ENUMERATION

Types of E-learning platforms.

1. LDS

2. LMS

ABBREVIATION

1. LDS

2. LMS

1. Learning Destination Sites

2. Learning Management System

Encompass educational materials available in the public domain or distributed under open licenses.

OERs and MOOCs

ABBREVIATION

1. OER

2. MOOC

1. Open Educational Resources

2. Massive Open Online Courses

Are virtual spaces where individuals come together to engage in discussions, exchange information, and acquire knowledge on subjects that pique their interest.

Online Communities and Forums

The concept that the internet should be impartial and unrestricted, ensuring that internet service providers (ISPs) neither give preference to nor discriminate against particular websites or services for their own gain, thus preserving a level playing field for all online content.

Net Neutrality

ENUMERATION

Importance of Net Neutrality

1. Information Freedom

2. Business Freedom and Consumer Choice

3. Greater Innovation

Access to the internet in different regions.

Internet Divide