APUSH Brinkley Chapter 4 Multiple-Choice Test

Which statement regarding colonial higher education is true?

Most colleges were founded by religious grouos

The first American college was

Harvard

The verdict of the 1735 libel trial of New York publisher John Peter Zenger

increased freedom of the press in the colonies

In the years after the Glorious Revolution, political power in England increasingly shifted toward

Parliament

During the first half of the eighteenth century, England's administration of the colonies

was loose, decentralized, and inefficient

During the first half of the eighteenth century, royal officials in America

contributed to England's overall lax control of the colonies

By the 1750s, American colonial assemblies

exercised a significant degree of authority to levy taxes

The proposed Albany Plan of 1754

revealed the difficulties colonies had in cooperating with each other

As a result of the Seven Years' War, in North America, England

confirmed its commercial supremacy and increased political control of the settled regions

The major participants in the Seven Years' War, in North America, were

the Iroquois, the English, and the French

During the eighteenth century, in North America, the French differed from the English in Indian relations in that the French

were more tolerant of Indian cultures

During the eighteenth century, in North America, the most powerful native group was the

Iroquois

Through the first half of the eighteenth century, the Iroquois Confederacy formed agreements and traded with

both France and England at the same time

The Treaty of Utrecht in 1713

transferred territory from the French to the English in North America

King George's War

failed to resolve European conflicts in North America

In the aftermath of King George's War

relations between the English, French, and Iroquois deteriorated

What future American revolutionary figure surrendered to French forces in 1754 at Fort Necessity in the Ohio Valley?

George Washington

The first clash of the French and Indian War took place near what is now

Pittsburgh

During the first stage (1754-1756) of the French and Indian War

the Iroquois were allied with the English but remained largely passive

The French and Indian War was fought in

India, the West Indies, the North American interior, and Europe

During the French and Indian War, British leader William Pitt

gradually loosened his tight control over the colonists

The beginning of the end of the American phase of the French and Indian War was marked by the French defeat at

Quebec

According to the terms of the Peace of Paris of 1763,

France ceded Canada and all of its claims to land east of the Mississippi River, except New Orleans, to Great Britain

Throughout the French and Indian War, American colonists

sold and traded food and other goods with the French

Following the conclusion of the French and Indian War

many colonists resented England's interference in their local affairs

For Indians in North America, British victory in the French and Indian War

had disastrous effects on their future

The French and Indian War in North America

suggested that increasing England's control over the colonies would not be easy

When George III assumed the throne of England, he

was painfully immature

When he became British Prime Minister, George Grenville

believed the American colonists had been indulged for far too long

The Proclamation of 1763

was supported by many Indian tribes

In the 1760s, the Grenville ministry increased its authority in the colonies by

stationing regular British troops permanently in America

The Sugar Act of 1764 was designed to

damage the market for sugar grown in the colonies, eliminate the illegal sugar trade between the colonies, the French, and the West Indies, establish new vice admiralty courts in America to try accused smugglers, and lower the colonial duty on molasses

The Stamp Act of 1765

required colonists to pay taxes on most printed documents

The Paxton Boys and the Regulators both

demanded tax relief

Legislation passed by the Grenville ministry in 1764-1765 adversely affected American

New England merchants, southern planters, small farmers, and urban workers

Many colonists believed the legislation passed by the Grenville ministry in 1764-1765

meant the British were trying to take away their tradition of self-government

The Stamp Act of 1765

helped to unite the colonies in opposition to the English government

Who among the following took the lead in protesting the Stamp Act?

Patrick Henry

The "Virginia Resolves" stated that

anyone who supported the right of Parliament to tax was an enemy of the colony

British official Thomas Hutchinson

had his home ransacked by anti-Stamp Act demonstrators

In 1766, in response to colonial protests against the Stamp Act, the British government

rescinded the Stamp Act

The Declaratory Act of 1766

was a sweeping assertion of Parliament's authority over the colonies

The Mutiny (or Quartering) Act of 1765

was regarded by objecting colonists as a form of taxation without consent

The Townshend Duties of 1767

were taxes on what are called external transactions

Colonial protests against the Townshend Duties resulted in

many colonists joining in non-importation agreements

In 1770, the Townshend Duties were ended by

Lord North

The Boston Massacre

was transformed by some colonists into a symbol of British oppression

The leading colonial figure in the Boston Massacre was

Samuel Adams

In the 1760s, "country Whigs" were English colonists who

considered the British government to be corrupt and oppressive

English and American supporters of the English constitution felt it correctly divided power between

the monarchy, the aristocracy, and representative assemblies

In the eighteenth century, the English constitution was

an unwritten document, difficult to change, unpopular in both England and America, and believed to be holding back colonial expression

Under the English constitution during the eighteenth century,

large areas of England had no direct political representation

In the eighteenth century, under the English government's theory of representation

the American colonies were represented in Parliament

Taverns were important in the growth of revolutionary sentiment because

they became central meeting places to discuss ideas about resistance

The Tea Act of 1773

followed a few years of relative calm between England and the American colonies, lowered the price of tea for American colonists, was intended to benefit a private British company, and provided no new tax on tea

The colonial boycott of tea in 1773

was led by women who were the primary consumers of tea

The Boston Tea Party of December 1773

both triggered acts of resistance in other colonial cities and took place after Bostonian failed to turn away ships laden with tea

Parliament responded to the Boston Tea Party by

reducing the powers of self-government in Massachusetts

The Quebec Act

granted political rights to Roman Catholics

Which of the following statements regarding the Coercive Acts is true?

Massachusetts became a martyr in the cause of resistance

In 1774, the First Continental Congress

called for the repeal of all oppressive legislation passed since 1763

In 1775, the Conciliatory Propositions

was an appeal by the British government to colonial moderates

At the time of the Battles of Lexington and Concord, General Thomas Gage, the commander of the British garrison in Boston

considered his army too small to act without reinforcements

The events of Lexington and Concord

occurred before there was a formal American declaration of independence

In 1775, as conflicts with England intensified, American colonists

were deeply divided about what they were fighting for

Published in January 1776, Common Sense was written by

Thomas Paine

The author of Common Sense

considered the English constitution to be the greatest problem facing the colonists

The Declaration of Independence

borrowed heavily from previously published colonial documents

Financing the Revolution was difficult for the American side because

hard currency was scarce

The war effort by American colonists would be financed primarily by

borrowing form abroad

As commander of the Continental Army, George Washington

was admired, respected, and trusted by nearly all Patriots

At the start of the Revolution, American advantages over the British included a

greater commitment to the war

Which of the following took place during the first phase (1775-76) of the Revolutionary War?

British troops evacuated Boston

In the Battle of Bunker Hill,

the British sugared heavy casualties

During the second phase (1776-78) of the American Revolution, British military efforts were hampered by

a series of tactical blunders and misfortunes

When George Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas night, 1776, he was intent on surprising

Hessians

Among the following, who was NOT a British general during the American Revolution?

Horatio Gates

The British military campaigns of 1777 saw

General John Burgoyne suffer a major defeat at Saratoga

During the American Revolution, the Iroquois Confederacy officially

declared its neutrality

In early 1778, France

worried that the US would quit the war against the British

After the Battle of Saratoga, British Prime Minister Lord North responded to the colonies with

an offer to complete colonial home rule within the empire if they would quit the war

Which of the following nations opposed England during the Revolutionary War?

the Netherlands

In the final phase (1778-81) of the American Revolution, the British

badly overestimated the support of American Loyalists

As the fighting in the final phase (1778-81) of the American Revolution carried into communities previously isolated from the war

support for independence greatly increased

Which of the following statements regarding Benedict Arnold is FALSE?

Arnold spent the last years of the Revolution as a prisoner of war

Which of the following was the scene of a substantial British victory in the final phase (1778-81) of the American Revolution?

Charlestown

Which of the following statements regarding General Nathaniel Greene is FALSE?

He led American forces to victory in the battle of Yorktown.

The battle of Yorktown involved

a combined French and American army and navy

The principle Americans who negotiated the peace terms with the British were

Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay

Under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1783

the United Stated gained formal British recognition of American independence

During the American Revolution, Loyalists

constituted perhaps as many as one-third of the white colonial population

As a result of the American Revolution, the Anglican Church in America was

weakened

During the American Revolution, enslaved African Americans in the colonies

were assisted by the British to escape as a way to disrupt the American war effort

Following the American Revolution, the first state to make slavery illegal was

Pennsylvania

Which of the following statements regarding the American Revolution and Native Americans is FALSE?

Most Indian tribes ultimately chose to fight on the side of the British

During the American Revolution, female "camp followers"

assisted in the support of regular troops

In regard to the status of women, the effect of the American Revolution

led some women to question their position in society

In 1776, Abigail Adams was an advocate for

new protections against abusive and tyrannical me

The prominent eighteenth-century essayist Judith Sargent Murray placed her greatest emphasis on the right of women to

an education

In colonial America, under English common law, a married woman

could not own property