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what is one of the most used elemental forms in composition

axis

what do subdominant elements do

complete the composition in subtle way

what is intersect

calculate intersection between 2 or more parts or surfaces

what are the ways paths may be related to spaces they link

\

how does axis help in order

symmetry

explain hierarchy through size

some form may dominant by being a significantly different size than other elements

what are the 4 important degrees of light

light light gray dark gray black

what are the primary elements

* point 1d lines 2d planes 3d volumes

what is a triangle

plane figure with 3 straight sides 3 angles and 3 vertices

what is a volume

a plane extended. has properties of length/width/height form/space surface
orientation position

what is additive transformation

form can be transformed by addition of elements to volume.

what is symmetry

distribution of visual and structural elements in a composite which could be
symmetrical asymmetrical or radial

what is split motif

lower section is narrow and upper and lower parts are large and dominating. middle section seems to be pressed from up and below so pups seems to sink lower seems to rise

what does size shape and location do for hierarchy

emphasize elements

what is a parabola conic section

curve obtained when plane cuts parallel to the cone side. not perpendicular with plane of base

what is subtract

remove a part or surface from a target

what is a baldacchino

canopy of state usually placed over an alter or throne notion image

what is dimensional transformation

form can be transformed by altering one or more of its dimensions and still retain its identity as member of family of forms. for example cube can be transformed into similar prismatic forms through changes in height width or length

what is a point

it indicates a position in space has NO shape form depth or dimension. you can't see it or touch it

what is natural light

soft organic light

what does stable composition look like

\

how does hierarchy help in order

creation of dominant and subdominant elements in a composition

what are prisms

a type of polyhedron. have 2 parallel faces (bases) at opposite ends that are the same shape. bases are joined by flat rectangle. cylinder is NOT. a polyhedron

what is a plane

line extended. has properties of length/width shape surface orientation position. it can define 3d volumes of mass and space. they define qualities of space they enclose.

what is the most strong type of spatial definition

4 plane closure

what is 4 plane closure

4 vertical planes establish boundaries of an introverted space and influence field of space around the enclosure

what is the strength of penetration/degree of penetration

when we consider a wall that envelopes and inside space it varies between
1. expressing complete openness and inviting

2. complete closure and rejecting

what is the edge of a polyhedron formed by

intersection of 2 faces and vertices are points where 3 or more edges meet

what is a colonnade

* a row of columns supporting and entablature. it is often used to define the
public face of a building like fronts

what is an isosceles trapezoid

when it has equal angles from a parallel side (both legs have same angle at base)

what does poly and hedron mean

poly \= many hedron \= face

what are the compositional rules for opening

depth: indicates relation between spaces in front of and breadth in height
behind the wall
height: indicates relation to spaces above and below which are the floor and
roof
breadth: indicates relation to spaces or face which begin at corners to right
and left

what are vertical linear elements

define and delineate perpendicular edges of a volume of space

what is private circulation

more intimate movements in building might be a back door back of house staff
office storage zones

what does a right circular cone/regular cone look like

axis is perpendicular to base

how can a form be articulated by

* differentiate adjoining planes with change in material texture colour pattern

* developing corners as distinct elements independent of abutting corners eg
round chamfered

* removing corners to physically separate neighbouring planes

* lighting form to create sharp contrasts in tool values along edges and
corners

what is texture

visual and tactile quality given to a surface by size shape arrangement and
proportions of parts. it also determines degree to which surfaces of form
reflect or absorb incident light

what is union

merging parts or surfaces together

what is rule 0 of walls

creates a single wall both ends. both ends are unattached to other walls and labeled h standing for hot

what do openings form

they form 2d dimensional graphical patterns that animate wall surfaces

how is a sphere made

revolution of semicircle about its diameter

what is split motif in breadth

opposite of breadth theme. corners dominate towards middle and field is pressed together.

what do the points of a cylinder form

a vertical axis

what is a hemisphere

exactly half a sphere

what ways can datum relate elements together

line plane volume

what is a polygon

a closed plane figure bounded by straight lines

what is regular form

all sides are equal and all inside angles are equal . circle is also regular shape even though it doesn't have straight lines

what are the 3 types of elevated base plane typology

1. edge of field is well defined. visual and spatial continuity maintained u
can easily go there with no trouble

2. visual continuity maintained spatial continuity interrupted. u need stairs
or ramp to go in it

3. spatial and visual continuity interrupted. field of elevated plane is away
from ground and elevated plane is the roof

what is spatial composition

elements composed spatially to develop order and image using proximity alignment
layering entering enclosure an place

what does courtyard circulation look like

\

what is a wall plane

is active in our normal field of vision and vital to shaping enclosure of architectural space because of its vertical orientation

how is a cylinder made

revolution of rectangle about one of its sides

what is a non polyhedra shape

when no surface is flat

what is gestalt

unified whole

what is a quadrilateral

polygon with 4 edges and 4 vertices/corners. it can be irregular or regular

what's the shape of the base of an oblique cone

oval or elipse

closure vs enclosure

closure is the mental act of tentative completion and enclosure is referring to
any part of building that physically separates external from interior
environment.

types of axes used

\

what does merge its interior space with private outdoor space of a walled site
look like

\

what are wall horizontal composition methods

rising motif
sinking motif
split motif
opening motif

what is order

condition in which each part of a whole is properly disposed with reference to
her parts to produce harmonies arrangement not just geometric regularity

what is the point of enclosures

shows degree of enclosure established by several arrangements of buildings

what is an oblique cylinder

the 2 ends are not aligned. ends are offset but still parallel

what is a plattenbau

building made of large concrete slab

what is dissonance

aesthetic perception of architecture is based on its harmonious relationship
with surrounding environment. the opposite of harmony

what is a hyperbola conic section

plane curve formed by intersection of a right circular cone. plane cuts through cone

architectural form occurs at the juncture or tension between \__ and \___

mass and spatial void

what is harmony

focusing on 1 or more unifying elements to apply throughout the space

what is a spheroid

solid object with set of all points in space that are same distance from point which is the centre of the sphere

what is figure ground

eye differentiates object from its surrounding area (especially high contrast black and white). a shape or silhouette is naturally perceived as a figure and surrounding is the ground

what is a radial form

composition of linear forms extending outward from central form in radial manner

what is vernacular architecture

characterized by reliance on needs construction materials and traditions
specific to its particular locality. its part of a specific time frame and place
not replicated from some where else

what is a u shaped plane

configuration of vertical planes defines a volume of space that is oriented primarily towards open end of configuration

what does enclose a portion of its site as an outdoor room look like

what is composition

the putting together. organization of elements of art according to the principles of art. enforce or suggest sense of order to the viewer

what are the 2 types of cones

based on alignment of the apex in comparison to base. right circular cone and oblique

what is circulation

the way ppl move through space. we usually think about where most ppl go not where everyone would go

what is elementary wall structure

basic element is a wall a cuboid

what does dominant elements do

attract attention

how many surfaces does a sphere have

it has 1 surface no not a face since its not flat. no edges or vertices
(corners). its not a polyhedron

what is a cuboid

depth is small compared to length and height. 3d shape that has 6 rectangular
faces 8 vertices and 12 edges

what can form a plane

2 parallel lines

what operation can be used to carve into surfaces of remaining walls

subtractive. called architecture in reverse so they carve out the interior before considering exterior

what is rule 3

used to sequentially dissect an enclosure into an arbitrary number of compartments. 2 parallel walls wit another wall placed at right angle or perpendicular midspan.

what is a square

plane figure with 4 equal straight sides 4 right angles and 4 vertices

what are the 6 spatial typologies for circulation

linear spinal serial progression centric courtyard cloister

what is a cylinder

2 identical flat ends that are circles and one curved side. it has the same cross section from one end to another if ends are circular

* constant radius

explain hierarchy through placement

form or space may be strategically placed to draw attention to itself. it could be the centre of symmetrical location or being offset

what is a trapezoid

4 sided flat shape with straight sides and has a pair or 2 opposite sides
parallel.

what is not a polygon

when it has a curve and the its open. polygon must have straight sides and is closed

what is a clustered form

collection of forms grouped together by proximity or sharing of common visual trait

what is the purpose of a wall

delimit a space and support the roof. devices spaces. it encloses space

what is artificial light

front light is light a harsh flash on picture so seeing tonal detail can be harder. its good only if you want to concentrate on an outline

what is a quadrangle

a 4 sided plane figure especially a rectangle or square

what does a line serve

to join link support or intersect other visual elements and to describe the edges/give shape to plane. it can also articulate surfaces of planes like texture

what is a cuboid

box shaped object. has 6 flat faces and all angles are right angles. its also prism since it has the same cross section along a length

what is a venetian window

the windows have 3 parts: central high round arched opening with 2 smaller rectangular openings on the sides

why can we see things

bc light source reflects on the surface.

what is elevated plane

* ascends above a larger plan usually to focus attention or denote ceremonial
purpose. it establishes vertical surfaces along its edges that reinforce
visual separation between field and surrounding ground

what is a regular polygon

all angles equal and sides are equal in length