Lap 3 US History Test

Jefferson Democracy

Agrarian Republic
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Democratic-Republican

what party was Thomas Jefferson?

John Adams

Who was president before Jefferson?

Federalist

What party was John Adams?

Bloodless Revolution

peaceful change of political power (fed->dem rep.)

Hamilton, Adams

leaders of Federalists

lawyers, merchants, manufacturers, clergy

Who were the supporters of the Federalist party?

strong national government, loose construction of the Constitution

What did the Federalists believe in?

national bank, economy based on trade

What did the Federalists favor?

powdered wigs, bow ties, broad coattails, buckles

What did the Federalists wear?

Jefferson, Madison

Who were the leaders of the Democratic-Republicans?

farmers, urban workers

Who supported the Democratic Republicans?

limited national government, strict construction of the Constitution

What did the Democratic Republicans believe in?

national bank

What did the Democratic Republicans oppose?

agricultural economy

What did the Democratic Republicans favor?

loose hair, neckerchief, narrow coattails, laces

What did the Democratic Republicans wear?

Republican simplicity

Deliberate attitude of humility and frugality, as opposed to monarchical pomp and ceremony, adopted by Thomas Jefferson in his presidency

tariffs, land sales

How did Jefferson's policies differ from those of the Federalists?

•Used money from _________ and ______ to reduce the amount of money owed by the government.

whiskey tax

How did Jefferson's policies differ from those of the Federalists?

•Congress ended the unpopular ________

Alien and Sedition Acts

How did Jefferson's policies differ from those of the Federalists?

•Congress, controlled by the Democratic-Republicans let the ___________ end. Jefferson released prisoners convicted under these acts.

reduced

How did Jefferson's policies differ from those of the Federalists?

•________ the number of federal employees and size of the military, as well as sought to end Federalist programs

political enemies

How did Jefferson's policies differ from those of the Federalists?

•Urged _________- to unite as Americans

small independent farmers

How did Jefferson's policies differ from those of the Federalists?

•Wanted the U.S. to remain a nation of _____________.

government

How did Jefferson's policies differ from those of the Federalists?

•Wanted to avoid having too much _______.

common man

Jefferson makes himself appear as the _________

voting

How did Jefferson's policies differ from those of the Federalists?

More Democratic
•Lowering any requirements for ________
•Allows us to see more everyday people voting and those people being elected into office

Marbury v. Madison

This case establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review, changes the Supreme Court's role

Louisiana Purchase

1803 purchase of the Louisiana territory from France. Made by Jefferson, this doubled the size of the US.

New Orleans Port

Why did Jefferson buy Louisiana?

revolt in Haiti, needed money

Why did Napoleon want to sell Louisiana Territory?

Meriwether Lewis

United States explorer and soldier who lead led an expedition from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River (1774-1809)

William Clark

A skilled mapmaker and outdoorsman chosen to explore the Louisiana Territory

Corps of Discovery

Official name of the Lewis and Clark Expedition members

Sacagawea

Native American woman that helped Lewis and Clark

valuable

ending slave trade makes slaves more ________

slave auctions

_________ increased

hypocrite

Jefferson was a ______

Barbary pirates

Pirates along the Barbary Coast of North Africa who attacked European and American vessels engaged in Mediterranean trade.

Morocco, Algiers, Tunisia, Tripoli

Barbary Coast

blockaded the Tripoli port

How did Jefferson stop the Barbary pirates?

Embargo Act

1807 act which ended all of America's importation and exportation. Jefferson hoped the act would pressure the French and British to recognize U.S. neutrality rights in exchange for U.S. goods. Really, however, just hurt Americans and our economy and got repealed in 1809.

James Madison, Charles C. Pinckney

Who is nominated in the next election?

James Madison

Who won the election of 1808?

Non-Intercourse Act

1809 - Replaced the Embargo of 1807. Unlike the Embargo, which forbade American trade with all foreign nations, this act only forbade trade with France and Britain. It did not succeed in changing British or French policy towards neutral ships, so it was replaced by Macon's Bill No. 2.

War of 1812

War declared against Great Britain for violating American shipping rights

market economy

without government telling the people what to make

Alabama, Illinois, Indiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Maine

What new states joined the Union?

Chinese, Irish, German

backlash with _____, _____, and ________ immigrants

transportation, living

improvement in _________ and ____________

running economy

US is the fastest ____________

Telegraph system

System of electronic communication invented by Samuel F.B. Morse that could transmit messages simultaneously across great distances.

water, coal, steam

Major shift in the nineteenth century from handmade manufacturing to mass production in mills and factories using _____, ______, and _____ powered machinery

cotton gin

Hand operated machine invented by Eli Whitney that quickly removed seeds from cotton bolls, enabling mass production of cotton in 19th century America

Lowell System

Model New England factory communities that provided employees, mostly young women, with meals, a boardinghouse, moral discipline, and educational opportunities

immigrant

more __________ labor because factory jobs are the only ones the can get

American Dream

The widespread belief that the United States is a land of opportunity and that individual initiative and hard work can bring economic success.

nativism

A policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones

Know-Nothing Party

Political party of the 1850s that was anti-Catholic and anti-immigrant

American Party

formal name of Know-Nothing Party

German, Irish

most foreign Americans were______ and ________

nationalism

a commitment to what strengthens nation as a whole

sectionalism

a commitment to what benefits a particular region

northeast

shipping & manufacturing

south

agriculture—through enslaved persons' labor

west

low land prices, transportation improvements

political vision

war of 1812 changes James Madison's __________

armed forces, federal finances

War of 1812 reveals weakness of __________ & ___________

army and navy

Madison wants a larger _______

bank

Madison asks Congress for a second ______ after the first one expires

tariff of 1816

20-25% tax on many imported goods imposed by Madison

roads, bridges, canals, harbors

Madison makes internal improvements to US such as __________, ________, __________, __________

federal authority

The power of the U.S. National Government to make and enforce laws

Dartmouth College v. Woodward

1819 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that states could not interfere with private contracts

McCulloch v. Maryland

Supreme Court ruling (1819) confirming the supremacy of national over state government

Gibbons v. Ogden

Regulating interstate commerce is a power reserved to the federal government

state governments

Thomas Jefferson says that Gibbons v. Ogden is proof that federal government overpowers _________

Henry Clay

A northern American politician. He developed the American System as well as negotiated numerous compromises. Whig, Kentucky

strong bank, tariffs, national transportation system

Henry Clay offers each region its top priority such as a ________ for the East, a ______________ for the northeast, and a _____________ for the west

slavery

growing sectionalism conflict over American System is ______

James Monroe

Who winds election after Madison?

Democratic Republican

What party is James Monroe?

Era of Good Feelings

beginning of Monroe's presidency is called _________

Panic of 1819

A natural post-war depression caused by overproduction and the reduced demand for goods after the war. However, it was generally blamed on the National Bank.

cotton

Panic of 1819 caused by British stop buying our ______ and buys from Egypt and India instead

Missouri Compromise

"Compromise of 1820" over the issue of slavery in Missouri. It was decided Missouri entered as a slave state and Maine entered as a free state and all states North of the 36th parallel were free states and all South were slave states.

Tallmadge Amendment

ban any more enslaved persons in Missouri

Monroe Doctrine

US foreign policy that barred further colonization in the Western Hemisphere by European powers and pledged that there would be no American interference with any existing European colonies

Florida

______ was owned by Spain but Spain didn't have a large presence there

First Seminole War

In April 1818 Jackson raided Florida to capture Seminole raiders. Jackson took over most of Spain's most important military posts, and overthrew the governor of Florida. He did all this without receiving any direct orders. This upset many Spanish leaders, but most Americans supported Jackson

transcontinental treaty

Treaty signed in 1819 between the U.S. and Spain in which Spain ceded Florida to the U.S. and agreed to a southern border of the U.S. west extending all the way to the Pacific Ocean.

European

Monroe Doctrine
1. _________ powers are not to colonize the American continents

oppose

Monroe Doctrine
2. The US would ________ any European nation trying to impose their political system

controlled colonies

Monroe Doctrine
3. The US would not interfere with current _______________

internal affairs

Monroe Doctrine
4. The US would keep out of _________ of European nations and their wars

John Quincy Adams

Who won the election of 1824?

Andrew Jackson

Who won the election of 1828?

not from the original 13 colonies

Jackson was the first president ________________

British

Jackson hates the ____ after he was captured by them at 14

war of 1812, indian war

Jackson gained notoriety after the _________ and the _______

uncultured, uncouth

elite think Jackson is ________ and _____