G12║ T3 Literature Final

take violent action against an established government or rulers

revolt

the condition of being imprisoned

captivity

violent attack

assault

to intentionally disobey a rule or land

flout

disobeying/troublemaking, strongly disobey people in authority, organization, or government

rebellious

crimes of helping the enemies of one's country

treason

What three things do the witches predict for Macbeth and Banquo?

- Macbeth will be the Thane of Cawdor and the king
- Banquo's children will be kings

What information does the messenger bring to Macbeth? (Act 1)

the king has made him the Thane of Cawdor

What does Lady Macbeth fear about her husband?

he is too kind and weak to carry out the assassination

How does Macbeth react to the witches?

He is intrigued by their predictions.

How does Banquo react to the witches?

He is wary by their predictions.

What are the differences and similarities in Macbeth's and Banquo's reactions to the witches?

Both agree the encounter was strange. Macbeth considers the prophecy while Banquo is more cautious.

What announcement does King Duncan make at the end of his conversation with Macbeth and Banquo? (Act 1)

he tells Macbeth that he's now Thane of Cawdor

What effect does the announcement of becoming Thane of Cawdor have on Macbeth?

He begins to consider becoming a king.

In his soliloquy at the beginning of Act 1 Scene 7, what reasons does Macbeth give for not murdering King Duncan?

He is a good and virtuous king.

Do you think that Macbeth, at the end of his soliloquy, has firmly decided not to kill the king?

Macbeth decided that he would go on with his plan which proves that at the end his ambition won over his kindness.

a type of character in a tragedy and is usually a protagonist. He typically has
heroic states that earns them the sympathy of the audience but also has flaws or commits mistakes that leads to his downfall

tragic hero

Who speaks the soliloquy (Act 1 Scene 7)?

Macbeth

What is the soliloquy (Act 1 Scene 7) about?

Macbeth debates about whether or not to kill Duncan. He admits Duncan is a fair king who doesn't deserve to die, but he is driven by his ambition.

Why use a soliloquy in Act 1 Scene 7?

Through his words, Macbeth revealed his fatal flaw which is ambition.

loyalty and support for a ruler, country, group, or belief

allegiance

quiet and careful

stealthy

use ambiguous language to hide the truth

equivocating

treating something holy or important without respect

sacrilegious

made to look like the original of something

counterfeit

an act of breaking a law, promise, agreement, or relationship

breach

As Macbeth waits for the signal from Lady Macbeth that the king's guards are asleep, what does he imagine he sees?

a bloody dagger flying in the air

How is the murder of the king discovered?

Macduff discovered the murder, then he came out shouting so everyone woke up.

What strange and unnatural things do Ross and the old man talk about in Act 2 Scene 4? What happened on the night of Duncan's murder?

- how it is dark outside when it should be light
- knocking sounds were heard all over
- how an owl that usually goes after mice caught and killed a falcon which is something very unusual
- how the king's horses became wild and ate each other.
- The falcon represents King Duncan, and the owl represents Macbeth.

Describe Macbeth's and Lady Macbeth's reactions to Duncan's murder immediately after its done.

Macbeth is horrified, filled with guilt, while Lady Macbeth was very practical and concerned only with Macbeth crowned as the king.

How do Macbeth's and Lady Macbeth's reactions to Duncan's murder reflect each character's personality and motivation?

shows that Lady Macbeth's character is way stronger than Macbeth's character

Why is Macbeth upset about not being able to say "Amen" to the men's prayer?

He felt guilt and divine disapproval.

Why is Macbeth being upset about not being able to say "Amen" to the men's prayer ironic?

he's trying to pray when he's just committed a murder

What gate does the porter pretend to be opening instead of the gate to Macbeth's castle?

The gate of hell

In what ways is the porter's playful fantasy a comment on Macbeth's situation?

His fantasy describes Macbeth's castle as hell.

What happened to the previous thane of Cawdor?

He got executed for being a traitor, and Macbeth was given the title after his death.

What comment does Duncan make about Cawdor's death?

He died more noble than he ever lived

What did Lady Macbeth tell her husband that manipulated him into committing the crime?

That she is more of a man than Macbeth is because she would kill her own child if she swore to do it. She questions his manliness, saying he's a coward for not wanting to go through with it, and says he will me more of a man if he did the deed.

What's the setting of Act 2 Scene 1?

Macbeth's castle

What does Macbeth mean when he said that the blood on his hands made all the scenes red?

He feels extremely guilty

Describe King Duncan

Kind, noble, generous, lovable, and humble. He places a high value on bravery and loyalty. He was never a weak leader.

What's the first emotion Macbeth felt the crime?

Guilt and regret

What is Macbeth's fatal flaw?

He's too ambitious and he craves power.

How can you describe the internal conflict that Macbeth faced in Act 1?

He was tempted by ambition but he was extremely afraid of killing Duncan and of how wrongdoing will affect his conscience.

In Act 2, what does Macbeth mean by saying he won't sleep anymore?

Delusion, hallucination, regret, guilt, and his consciousness don't let him sleep

In Act 1, how did Macbeth and Banquo react differently to the prophecies of the witches?

Macbeth took the predictions very seriously, unlike Banquo who didn't take much attention.

Describe Lady Macbeth

Manipulative, smart, strong, cold-hearted, ambitious, selfish, and the planner of these crimes.

Why did Shakespeare make Banquo the last person Macbeth sees before he commits the crime?

Foreshadowing that Banquo is the next victim

Define Soliloquy

An act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play.

For what reason do dramatists use soliloquy

To allow the audience to gain valuable information on the characters feelings and thoughts (fears, confusions, and desires).

How did Macbeth react after Duncan's murder?

He was guilty and repeated "sleep no more Macbeth," meaning that his conscience will never let him rest. He heard knocking sounds everywhere and was frightened.

in an evil way

foully

angry feeling

rancor

made angry

incensed

desire to hurt another person

malice

cause someone to be very angry

enrages

desire to do evil

malevolence

In what part of Macbeth's plan do the two murderers succeed, and in what part do they fail?

The murderers succeeded by killing Banquo, but they failed because they didn't kill his son, Fleance.

In the banquet scene, what causes Macbeth to behave so strangely?

Because he alone can see Banquo's ghost.

What is Macbeth's conflict with Banquo?

Macbeth is afraid that Banquo's descendants will become kings, and also Banquo became suspicious after king Duncan's murder.

Does Macbeth resolve the conflict between him and Banquo?

No, because he killed Banquo, but his son escaped.

How is Macbeth's behavior at the banquet a sign of a troubled mind?

Seeing a ghost shows a troubled mind.

What does Lady Macbeth's reaction to her husband show?

She fears Macbeth will reveal the crimes he did.

What excuse do Macbeth and Lady Macbeth give for his behavior at the banquet?

They say he has an "illness" from his childhood.

Was the excuse that Macbeth and Lady Macbeth gave for his behavior at the banquet a good excuse?

No, because his attitude aroused suspicion.

What events does Lennox recount in his speech in Act 3 Scene 6?

He recounts Duncan's murder, Macbeth killing those accused of killing Duncan (the guards), Banquo's murder as well.

How does Lennox show that he suspects Macbeth in his speech in Act 3 Scene 6?

Lennox talks about these events (murders) and questions Macbeth's actions.

Rising action events in Act 1:

Witches predict Macbeth will be the king. Then, Duncan named Macbeth the Thane of Cawdor, and finally, Lady Macbeth sets a plan to kill Duncan.

Rising action events in Act 2:

Macbeth murders Duncan. He admits to killing the guards to avenge Duncan. Finally, Macbeth hired men to kill Banquo and his son.

Rising action events in Act 3:

Macbeth murders Banquo after becoming the king. He then started hallucinating and found out that Fleance escaped (crisis in act: Banquo's son escaped and Macbeth started to lost his mind).

How events are linked by cause and effect:

The witches' prophecies were the cause of Macbeth's actions. The effect was that Macbeth became the king. Duncan and Banquo were murdered.

Crisis/turning point in Act 3

Banquo's death and Fleance escaping + Macbeth's hallucinations.

Predictions: Falling Action Events/Catastrophe

Macbeth will be defeated because he is a tragic hero with a tragic flaw (ambition).

having a very harmful effect or influence

pernicious

deserves praise even if there is little or no success

laudable

a person who deceives someone who trusts him or someone who has no loyalty

treacherous

As the witches complete their brew, how do they know that someone is coming?

The second witch cried out, "Something wicked this way comes," just before Macbeth enters, which suggests that she sensed it.

Why is Lady Macbeth angry with her husband in Act 4?

She is angry because he has fled and left them alone.

What do Macduff and Malcolm resolve to do at the end of Act 4?

They resolved to get revenge from Macbeth.

What resolution does Macbeth make in Act 4 Scene 1?

Macbeth took the decision that he will act on his impulses immediately, and that he would kill Macduff and his whole family.

What change does the resolution Macbeth makes in Act 4 Scene 1 indicate in the way Macbeth will handle decisions in the future?

The resolution indicates that Macbeth will no longer debate with himself and that he will follow whatever will guarantee his safety.

What idea is Ross expressing in Act 4 Scene 2?

Ross was expressing how horrible things were in Scotland because of Macbeth and he fears that he is now considered a traitor.

Does Ross believe what he tells Lady Macduff?

Ross believes that Macduff wasn't a traitor and that he did nothing wrong when he fled to England.

How does Malcolm test Macduff?

Malcolm claimed that Macbeth is such a tyrant who is not fit to live, no less rule, and he mentioned as well that he himself isn't fit for the crown because he has fatal flaws.

What does the test that Malcom gave Macduff reveal about them both?

Macduff felt hopeless because there seems to be no possible option left for Scotland.

In what way is Banquo an archetype?

Banquo, in contrast to Macbeth, represents a brave and honest general, but at the same time he is considered to be a passive character.

Why is Macbeth so upset at the image of Banquo shown to him by the witches?

Banquo's hair is full of blood, his image was a sharp one, and it reminded Macbeth of his guilt.

How does the imagery "blood" relate to the theme? Give an example of it.

- ex. Macduff's son was killed.
- The image of Scotland bleeding under Macbeth's rule.

How does the imagery "children" relate to the theme? Give an example of it.

- ex. Macduff's son was killed.
- Portraying the image of poor Scotland during Macbeth's reign.

How does the imagery "darkness" relate to the theme? Give an example of it.

- ex. Witches saying their prophecies to Macbeth.
- Scotland covered in darkness under Macbeth's reign.

How does the imagery "weeping" relate to the theme? Give an example of it.

- ex. Lady Macduff weeping over her son's death, and her husband running away.
- Scotland's people are weeping and bleeding.

What does Lady Macbeth reveal to the Gentlewoman and Doctor during her sleepwalking?

Lady Macbeth reveals that she and her husband murdered Duncan. She also revealed that her husband had Banquo killed.

Why is Macbeth first unafraid when he finally meets Macduff on the battlefield?

He thought that Macduff was born from a woman, which is not true; Macduff was born from a Caesarian birth.

To whom is Lady Macbeth referring to when she says, "The Thane of Fife had a wife. Where is she now?"

She is referring to Lady Macduff, whose husband is the Thane of Fife.

How is Lady Macbeth referring to Lady Macduff relevant to Lady Macbeth's state of mind in her sleepwalking scene?

Lady Macbeth's way of referring to dead Lady Macduff helps to support the idea that Lady Macbeth's guilt had driven her crazy.

What character trait does Macbeth reveal as he meets his fate?

Persistence on showing his evil side no matter what happens; he only cared about his safety and his throne. He didn't care about anything else, including his wife.

What are Macbeth's tragic flaw(s)?

His main tragic flaw is ambition. Arrogance too.

Which actions reveal Macbeth's tragic flaw(s)?

After Macbeth hears the witches' first set of predictions, he realizes that his ambition to become king can come true. At first, however, he was reluctant to do what it takes to reach his goal (killing Duncan). After Lady Macbeth pressures him into it, he seems to find it easier and easier to eliminate people who seem to be in his way, such as Banquo, Macduff, Macduff's children, and his wife.

How did Macbeth become the Thane of Cawdor?

Because the previous Thane of Cawdor committed treason and Macbeth received the title after defeating his enemies in a battle.

Why did Lady Macbeth drunken the servants?

To make them sleep and not be aware of what's going to happen.