Axial Skeleton

Frontal bone

Frontal Sinus

A pair of sinuses above each eyebrow in the frontal bone of the skull

Supraorbital notch/foramen

Parietal bone

Occipital bone

Foramen magnum

A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord.

Occipital condyles

Rounded processes lateral to the foramen magnum that articulate with the first cervical vertebrae (atlas)

Temporal bone

Carotid canal

Canal in the petrous part of the temporal bone through which the internal carotid artery enters the skull.

External auditory meatus (canal)

Jugular foramen

Allows for the passage of the jugular vein and 3 cranial nerves (glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves)

Mandibular fossa of temporal bone

Articulates with the head of the mandible to form the temporomandibular joint. The mandible (lower jaw) joins with the skull at this site.

Mastoid process

Styloid process

Zygomatic process of temporal bone

Sphenoid bone

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Sphenoid bone

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Greater wings of sphenoid bone

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Lesser wings of sphenoid bone

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Optic canal of sphenoid bone

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Sella turcica

Houses the pituitary gland

Sphenoid sinus

Ethmoid bone

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Ethmoid

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Ethmoid

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Cribiform plate of ethmoid

forms the roof of the nasal cavity and has holes through which axons of the olfactory nerves pass.

Crista galli

Triangular process to which membranes that cover the brain attach. (A)

Ethmoid sinuses

Located in the ethmoid bones between the nose and the eyes, are irregularly shaped air cells that are separated from the orbital cavity by a thin layer of bone

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid

Superior portion of nasal septum is formed by

Maxilla

Alveolar processes of maxilla

Infraorbital foramen

Holes that passage for the infraorbital nerve and artery.

Mandible

Only movable bone in the face. It is the largest and strongest of the facial bones.

Angle of mandible

Body of mandible

Coronoid process of mandible

Serves as attachment for temporalis muscle which functions to draw the jaw upward in chewing motion.

Condylar process of mandible (mandibular condyle)

Mental foramen

Allows for the passage of nerves to the chin.

Mandibular ramus

Palatine bone

either of two irregularly shaped bones that form the back of the hard palate and helps to form the nasal cavity and the floor of the orbits

Zygomatic bone

Zygomatic bone

Temporal process of zygomatic bone

Lacrimal bone

Has a depression that gathers tears and passes them into the nasal cavity. It contains the lacrimal canal that allows tears to drain off of the eye into the nasal cavity.

Nasal bones

Vomer

Bone that forms posterior/inferior part of the nasal septal wall between the nostrils

Hyoid bone

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Coronal suture

sagittal suture

Squamous suture

Lambdoidal suture

Cervical vertebrae (C1-C7)

Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12)

Lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5)

Sacrum (sacral bone)

Serves as the mechanical weight-bearing base of the spinal column and the fused central posterior section of the pelvic girdle.

Coccyx

Atlas (C1)

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Axis (C2)

Odontoid process of axis

Greek for "tooth", serves as the pivot joint to allow for the rotation of the skull.

Transverse foramen

The openings in the cervical vertebrae for the transmission of the vertebral artery and vein are called the:

Transverse foramen

Cervical vertebrae opening where the vertebral artery enter so that it can continue on to the brain

Body of cervical vertebrae

Body of thoracic vertebrae

Body of lumbar vertebrae

Intervertebral foramen

What is the name of the opening thru which the spinal nerves pass after branching from the spinal chord?

Lamina of cervical vertebra

Lamina of thoracic vertebra

Lamina of lumbar vertebra

Pedicle of cervical vertebra

Pedicle of thoracic vertebrae

Pedicle of lumbar vertebra

Spinous process of cervical vertebra

Spinous process of lumbar vertebra

spinous process of thoracic vertebra

Superior articulating facet of cervical vertebra

Superior articulating facet of thoracic vertebra

Superior articulating facet of lumbar vertebra

Transverse foramen of cervical vertebrae

Transverse process of cervical vertebra

Transverse process of thoracic vertebra

Transverse process of lumbar vertebra

Vertebral foramen of cervical vertebra

Vertebral foramen of thoracic vertebra

Vertebral foramen of lumbar vertebra

Sternum

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Manubrium

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Body of sternum

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Xiphoid process of sternum

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True ribs

First 7 pairs of ribs; attach directly to sternum

False ribs

Last 5 pairs of ribs; attach indirectly to sternum

Floating ribs

Last two pairs of ribs; do not attach to sternum

External Occipital Protuberance

Squamous part

Yellow region

External acoustic meatus

Tubercle of Rib

Yellow

Neck of rib

Green

Head of rib

Red

Shaft

orange

Costal groove

Purple

Ala of Sacrum