A&P Exam 1

A plane of section that runs parallel to the long axis of the body and divides it into right and left portions is called

sagittal

What is the name of the membrane lining the organ within the pericardial cavity?

visceral pericardum

What is the body cavity in which the heart, lungs, stomach and urinary bladder are all located?

ventral

What is the body cavity in which the heart and lungs are both located?

thoracic

The proper anatomical term for the forearm is?

Antebrachial

The term "antebrachial" refers to which region of the body?

Forearm

The term "cervical" refers to which region of the body?

neck

The knee is \__________ to the foot

proximal

The spine is \__________ to the belly-button.

dorsal

You are examining a microscope slide under the 40X objective lens and you switch to the 10X objective lens. The field of view will:

increase

If you are using an objective lens with a power of 40X and ocular lenses with a power of 10X, the total magnification of the specimen will be \____X.

400

Identify the indicated part of the microscope.

objective lens

The ability to discriminate two closely spaced objects as separate is \__________.

resolution

This structure must provide moderate amounts of strength against forces oriented in many different directions

dense irregular connective tissue

This region must be able to act as a sieve to strain fluids, and to act as a scaffold for immune cells.

reticular connective tissue

What do we call a dense connective tissue containing collagen fibers arranged in one direction and populated primarily by chondrocytes?

fibrous cartilage

What do we call a dense connective tissue containing an amorphous matrix and populated primarily by chondrocytes?

hyaline cartilage

What do we call a dense connective tissue containing collagen fibers arranged all in one direction and populated primarily by fibroblasts?

Dense regular connective tissue

Name the criteria by which epithelial tissues are classified?

Cell shape and number of cell layers

If an epithelial tissue is composed primarily of cells that are as high as they are wide, it is classified as a \___________ epithelium.

cuboidal

What do we call an epithelial tissue that is composed of many layers of cells that change their shape depending on the degree of stretching of the organ?

transitional epithelial tissue

What do we call an epithelial tissue that is many cell layers thick and is composed of flattened cells?

stratified squamous epithelial tissue

What do we call a muscular tissue in which the cells are striated, multinucleate, and parallel to one another?

skeletal muscle tissue

What primary type of tissue occurs along a body surface?

epithelial

What are the supporting cells of nervous tissue called?

glial cells

What are the mucus producing cells in epithelial tissue called?

goblet cells

Identify one location in the body where reticular connective tissue can be found.

within the lymph nodes

Identify one location in the body where elastic cartilage can be found.

within the external portion of the ear

Identify one location in the body where areolar connective tissue can be found.

in lamina propria of mucous membranes

Identify one location in the body where simple columnar epithelium can be found.

lining the inner surface of the small intestine

Identify one location in the body where simple cuboidal epithelium can be found.

lining the kidney tubules

Identify one location in the body where simple squamous epithelium can be found.

lining the alveoli of the lungs

Identify one location in the body where nervous tissue can be found.

within the spinal cord

This epidermal layer consists of flattened but still living cells that contain keratin granules.

Stratum granulosum

This hardened structure protects and supports the dorsal side of the distal phalangeal region.

Nail

Identify the indicated structure of the epidermis.

melanocyte

Identify the indicated layer of a hair.

internal epithelial root sheath

Identify the indicated structure of the nail.

proximal nail fold

What double walled organelle contains enzymes that oxidize foodstuffs to produce cellular energy?

mitochondrion

What membranous vesicles contain oxidase enzymes that detoxify alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, and other harmful chemicals?

peroxisomes

Identify the indicated cellular organelle.

Golgi apparatus

Identify the indicated cellular organelle.

Endoplasmic reticulum

The chromosomes line up along the midline of the cell during which phase of mitosis?

Metaphase

Identify the indicated phase of mitosis.

Metaphase

A plane of section that runs perpendicular to the long axis of the body and divides it into superior and inferior portions is called a \__________ section.

transverse

What is the body cavity in which the heart is located (by itself)?

pericardial

What is the body cavity in which the brain is located (by itself)?

cranial

What is the body cavity in which the spinal cord is located (by itself)?

spinal

The term "axillary" refers to which region of the body?

armpit

The term "buccal" refers to which region of the body?

Cheek

The term "otic" refers to which region of the body?

ear

The hand is \__________ to the elbow.

Distal

The shoulder blade is \__________ to the spine.

lateral

You are examining a microscope slide under the 10X objective lens and you switch to the 40X objective lens. The total magnification will:

increase

Which objective lens has the greater working distance: 40X or 100X?

40x

The distance between the bottom of the objective lens and the specimen is the \__________.

working distance

This tissue must be able to store large amounts of energy in the form of lipids.

adipose connective tissue

What do we call a loose connective tissue containing both collagen and elastin fibers, and in which the primary cell type is the fat cell?

adipose connective tissue

What do we call a loose connective tissue containing reticular fibers?

Reticular connective tissue

Name the criteria by which connective tissues are classified?

matrix composition, cell type, arrangement of protein fibers, protein fiber type

What do we call an epithelial tissue that is many cell layers thick and is composed of cells that are higher than they are wide?

stratified columnar epithelial tissue

What do we call an epithelial tissue that is one cell layer thick and is composed of cells that are as high as they are wide?

simple cuboidal epithelial tissue

What do we call a muscular tissue in which the cells are non-striated, uninucleate, and spindle shaped?

smooth muscle tissue

What primary type of tissue is excitable but not contractile?

Nervous

What are the primary functional cells of nervous tissue called?

neurons

Identify one location in the body where hyaline cartilage can be found.

within the flexible portion of the nose

Identify one location in the body where adipose connective tissue can be found.

around the kidneys

Identify one location in the body where fibrous cartilage can be found.

within the pubic symphysis

Identify one location in the body where pseudostratified columnar epithelium can be found.

lining the inner surface of the trachea

Identify one location in the body where stratified cuboidal epithelium can be found.

lining the largest ducts of sweat glands

Identify one location in the body where smooth muscle tissue can be found.

within the walls of the small intestine

This epidermal layer consists of many layers of flattened keratinized dead cells.

stratum corneum

This structure produces a shaft of keratinized cells that extend from the surface of the skin.

hair follice

Identify the indicated structure of the nail.

nail bed

Identify the indicated structure of the integument.

arrector pili muscle

What stack of flattened membranous discs packages proteins and other substances for transport in vesicles?

golgi apparatus

What cytoskeletal element is primarily composed of tubulins and helps determine the shape of the cell?

microtubule

Identify the indicated cellular organelle.

nucleolus

The nuclear membrane reforms during which phase of mitosis?

Telophase

A plane of section that runs parallel to the long axis of the body and divides it into unequal right and left halves is called a \___________ section.

parasagittal

What is the name of the wall of muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

diaphragm

The proper anatomical term for the wrist is:

Carpal

The term "vertebral" refers to which region of the body?

back

The proper anatomical term for the hand is:

manus

The fingers are \___________ to the wrist.

distal

The ears are \__________ to the nose.

lateral

You are examining a microscope slide under the 10X objective lens and you switch to the 40X objective lens. The depth of field will:

decrease

Which objective lens has the greater depth of field: 10X or 40X?

10x

Identify the indicated part of the microscope.

fine adjustment knob

The power of the ocular lens multiplied by the power of the objective lens used is equal to the\__________.

total magnification

This material should provide shape to structures that must deform under force, but which must return to their previous shape when the force is removed.

elastic cartilage

Transport across this surface must occur through simple diffusion.

simple squamous epithelial tissue

What do we call a dense connective tissue containing a hard, calcified matrix and populated primarily by osteocytes?

bone

If an epithelial tissue is more than one cell layer thick, it is classified as a \___________ epithelium.

stratified

What do we call an epithelial tissue that is many cell layers thick and is composed of cells that are as high as they are wide?

stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue

What do we call a muscular tissue in which the cells are striated, generally uninucleate, and branched?

cardiac muscle tissue

What primary type of tissue consists of one or more cell types embedded within a non-living matrix?

connective

Identify one location in the body where stratified squamous epithelium can be found.

within the epidermis of the skin

Identify one location in the body where stratified columnar epithelium can be found.

lining the male urethra

Identify one location in the body where transitional epithelium can be found.

lining the inner surface of the urinary bladder