Biology 101 Final

The movement of mineral nutrients through organisms and their environment is called a \________ cycle.

biogeochemical

In a plant's male reproductive organs, development of pollen takes place in a structure known as the

microsporangium

The touch me not plant is demonstrating...

plant sensory and response

Cactus spines and pine needles are both examples of this

leaf adaptations

When stomata open, what occurs?

Water vapor is lost to the external environment, increasing the rate of transpiration.

This plant vascular tissue is nonliving and transports water and inorganic nutrients

xylem

water moves via osmosis

from an area with a high concentration of water to one of lower concentration

ocean upwelling and fall/spring turnover are both natural methods to

recycle/ move avalible nutrients

A farmer raisee black and white chickens. To his surprise when the first generation of eggs hatch all the chickens are black with white speckles throughout. Should the farmer expect when the eggs laid after interbreeding the speckled chickens hatch?

50% of the offspring will be speckled, 25% black, and 25% will be white

in 1996 whar was the first successfully cloned animal?

sheep

the stamen consists of a long stalk called the filament that supports the

anther

how do frogs breathe when they are adults?

lungs and skin

which of the following is a disadvantage to asexual reproduction?

asexual reproduction limits the diversity in a gene pool

the majority of oxygen in the blood is transported by...

binding to hemoglobin

dehydration synthesis leads to formation of..,

ploymers and water

which of the following is best at showing the life expectation of an individudal within a population?

life table

plant regions of continuous growth are made up of...

meristmatic tissue

seperation of the sister chromatids is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis?

anaphase

roots that enable a plant to grow on another plant are called

Epiphytic roots

scientists have repurposed and engineered plasmids as vectors for

molecular cloning and the large-scale production of important reagents, such as insulin and human growth hormone.

which statement about the taxonomic classification system is correct?

domain is the largets category

which macromolecule is used to make strcutural componets of organisms such as exoskeletons of insects and cell wall of fungi?

carbs

the plant in the picture is an example of an... (flower)

angiosperm

insulation, waterproofing, and long term storage are all functions of this macromolecule

lipids

these are all examples of ruminants:

sheep, goats, cattle, deer, giraffes

which of the following are parts of a neuron?

dendrite, axon, cell body

in the carbon cycle, what is the role of green plants?

absorbing carbon dioxide & making sugars for heterotrophs

goats, cows, and sheep are all considered ruminants because they...

have a 4 part stomach including a rumen, reticululm, omasum, and abmasum

which of the following is both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

ribosomes

which of following is an example of secondary growth?

increase in thickness or girth

the first species to live on new land, such as that formed from volcanix lava called

Pioneer species

the respiratory system

provides body tissues with oxygen

what is a likely evolutionary advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

sexual reproduction results in variation in the offspring

what type of growth model is this?

logistic

what property of carbon makes it essential for organic life?

the ability to bond to 4 other atoms or molecules

chimpanzees eat a wide variety of food...

omnivore

if an organism has no nucleus and no golgi apparatus and no endoplasmic reticulum, you can safely assume that it is what kind of organism?

bacteria

identify the problem with the following aneuploid karyotypes: xxx xxy xyy

trisomy

what does the trunk of the classic phylogenetic tree represent?

single common ancestor

the "fight or flight" response during threatening situation is the role of the

sympathetic nervous system

the energy currency used by cells is

ATP

these structures are openings in the underside of

leaves

Meiosis usually produces

four haploid daughter cells

activation of the sympathetic nervous system causes:

an increased heart rate

what types of organisms can do cellular respiration

both plants and animals

the diagram that shows the energy avalalible to each trophic level in an ecosystem: 10% is passed on to upper levels the rest is lost as heat

energy

a suggested and testable explanation for an event is called a

hypothesis

what is the overall purpose of oxidative phosphyloration and wher does it happen?

create atp, inner membrane space of mitochondria

If you have a piece of chromosome \#12 break off and rettach to chromosome \#19 and a piece of chromosome \#19 break off and rettach to chromosome \#12, what type of mutation or abnormally has occured?

translocation

which transport mechanism can bring whole cells into another cell

phagocytosis

the difference among a species, like different bird beaks, are called

variations

which of the following is FALSE about pedigree?

you can identify someone's genotype

the process whereby nitrogen is brought into organic molecules by bacteria is called

nitrogen fixation

in natural selection, the selective agent is...

environment

the part of the nervous system that consists of nerves that branch out from the CNS and connect to other body parts

peripheral

which of the following is the correct order of events in mitosis?

the kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle fibers.Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate.Cohesion proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.

which of the following is a biotic factor?

parasitic worm

DNA and RNA differ in 3 ways, which of these is correct?

RNA has the sugar ribose, the nucleotide Uracil and is single stranded

This law states that the two alleles of a single trait will seperate randomly, meaning that there is a 50% either allele will end up in either gamete

law of segregation

imcomplete dominance:if you want to guarentee that offspring have a 100% chance of being orange, what male and female parents should you come?

red and yellow

Mollusks and jellyfish have which type of surviorhship curve?

type 3

which of the following is NOT an element this is abundant in living organisms?

silicon

why are advantagous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

because they are more likely to survive and reproduce

one of the orginal amish cololnies rose from....

founder effect and genetic drift

which scientist concept did charles darwin and alfred wallace independently discover?

natural selection

when male lions reach sexual maturity, they leave their group in search of a new pride. this can alter the allele frequencies of the population through which of the following mechanisms?

gene flow

which of the following natural forces is responsible for the release of carbon dioxide and other atmospheric...

volcanoes

the position of an organism along a food chain is known as its..

trophic level

roundup-ready soybeans and borer-resistant corn and the flavr savr tomato are all examples of this

Gmo’s

send signals away from neurons whereas-- recieve signals from other neurons.

axons, dendrites

which of the follwing are correctly matched with their heart structres?

fish (2 chambered), amphibians (3 chambered) and birds ( 4 chambered)

polymerase chain reaction PCR is a technique that scientists use to-- specific dna regions for further analysis.

amplify

x linked recessive traits in humans (or in drosphilia) are observed---

in more males than females

identify the gas that is an input of photosynthesis:

carbon dioxide

air is warmed and humidfied in the nasal passages. this helps to

ward off infection, decrease sensitvity during breathing and prevent damage to the lungs

which of the following is responsible for the exchange of gases between the plant and the atmosphere during photosynthesis

guard cells & stomata

this picture shows a plant going toward the light called

phototrophism

the process where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring

natural selection

a country with zero population growth is likely to be

economically developed

the flavr savr tomato:

all of the anwsers (doesn't go soft rot, better flavor and shelf life, vine

which is the order of airflow during inhalation?

nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

arteries, veins, and capillaries are three types of

vessels

what increases genetic variation when animals move from one population to another?

gene flow

the observable traits expressed by an organism are described as its

Phenotype

symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is harmed, example a leech and a frog...

parasitism

as shown in the food web, which of these is NOT an omnivore?

marmot

when ruminants "chew the cud" they are...

regurgitating food to chew it again

the pollen lands on which part of the flower?

stigma

the ABO blood groups in humans are expressed as the...

multiple alleles and codominance and complete dominance

if the sequence of the 5'3 strand GGATTAGCG, then the complementary sequence has the following sequence...

3'

this macromolecule is has a multitude of functions including structural support, speeding up chemical reactions and chemical messengers

proteins

the description of when burts of evolution that happens following mass extinctions would be an example of....

punctuated

medical professionals can use personal genome sequence information to prescribe medications that will be most effective on the basis of the individual patient's genotype. this is called...

pharmacogenomics

what is the function of the fruits that are produced by plants

to protect the embryo and aid in seed dispersal

what are the two divisions of the nervous system?

central and peripheral nervous systems

a physical genetic map provides detail of the actual physical distance between genetic markers, as well as the number of nucleotides. which type of map is made using x

rays to break down the DNA fragments?

a scientist dissects a new species of animal, if the animal's digestive system has a single stomach with an extended small intestine , to which animal could the dissected specimen be closely related?

snowshoe hair

which type of selection results in greater genetic variance in a population?

diversifying selection

anything that can decrease the size of a population including living and nonliving features of an ecosystem such as predators, avalible nutrients, and drought..

limiting factor

the process of translation happens in and makes

ribosomes; protein