HOSA dental terminology

a- , an-

Without, away from

ab-

Away from,absent,negative

acro-

End extremity

Abandonment

Lack of follow -through by the provider for the care of an established patient.

ABC

A= open airway

B=respiration

C= external compression to heart

Abducens

Away from, sixth cranial nerve that controls eye movement

Abfraction

Loss of tooth surface in cervical area;caused by tooth grinding and compression

Abrasion

Scrape from,wearing away of tooth surface from abnormal causes.

Abscess

Collection of pus(in the periodontal tissue)

Absorption

Drug substance transfer from the administration site by body fluids

Abuse

Any care relationship that harms,pains,or causes mental anguish to another

Abutment

Natural tooth or teeth prepared to hold a bridge retainer in position

Accessory,accessory nerve

Auxiliary;11th cranial nerve assisting with spinal movements

Account

A record of business,procedural,and financial transactions

Acellular

Not made up of or containing cells

Acetaminophen

Used as an aspirin replacement for children

Acid etchant

Material to prepare cavity margins for retention of bonding materials

Acidity

Condition of being sour

Acquired pellicle

Little skin,thin covering on teeth, plaque

Acrylic

Synthetic resin material used in fabrication of appliances

Activator

Substance that reacts with the initiator to start polymerization

Acute

Sharp or severe

Acute radiation exposure(ARE)

Radiation resulting from a massive short-term,ionizing dose,such as in an accidental exposure or explosion of radiation material

Addiction

Compulsive,uncontrollable dependence on some habit

Adenoid

Lymphatic tissue found in the nasopharynx area

Adhesive

Sticky or adhering material or substance

Adjacent

Nearby or adjoining

Adjunctive orthodontics

Necessary procedures taken to correct or restore function

Adrenocorticosteriods

Byproducts from the adrenal cortex

Adverse effect

Response to a drug that is not desired;an effect could be too intense,weak,toxic

Aerobes

Microorganisms that cannot survive without oxygen;may be faculatative(adaptable) or obligate

Aerobic

Requiring oxygen to live;needing oxygen

Aerosol spray

Drug solution suspended in and delivered by a propellant

Airway

Device inserted into the mouth and down the throat to provide air passage to the windpipe

Ala-tragus line

Imaginary line from the ala(wing) of the nose to the ear meatus(center of the ear)

-algia

Pain

Alginate

Seaweed;agar-based elastic impression material

Allergic reactions

Sensitivity to an antigen present within the body, resulting in various symptoms

Allograft

Human bone graft from a person other than the patient

Alloy

A mixture of metals

Alternating pulse sound

Alterations of weak and strong pulsations

Alveolar

Pertaining to the alveolus

Alveolectomy

Surgical removal of alveolar bone crest

Alveolitis

Infection or inflammation of the alveolar bone; a dry socket

Alveolus

Bone growth on the boarder of the maxilla and mandible

Alveoplastomy

Surgical reshaping or contouring of the alveolar bone

Amalgam

Soft alloy mass containing mercury,which hardens into restoration

Amalgam carrier

Hand instrument used to carry plastic (movable) amalgam to restorative site

Amalgamation

Blending or pulverizing an alloy with mercury

AMBU bag

Bag device placed over the nose and mouth of the patient to apply pressure- forced air into the lungs

Ameloblast

Enamel forming cell; encourages cell growth for enamel tissue

Angiogenesis imperfecta

Incomplete or improper development of enamel tissue

Amoxicillin

Antibiotic drug (e.g., amosil,larotid)

Ampicillin

Antibiotic type drug(e.g.,penicillin,omnipen)

Anaerobic

Bacteria that don't need oxygen for survival; facultative anaerobics grow best without oxygen, but don't require its absence

Analgesia

Without pain;feeling of lack of pain

Anaglesic

Drug that relieves pain

Anaphylactic

Shock arising from the reaction to body allergen

Anaphylaxis

Allergic reaction to a drug or food

Aneroid

Dial-type blood- pressure descending air-pressure readings

Anesthesia

Without sensation

Aneurysm

Dilation of blood vessel due to wall weakness,possible rupture

Angina pectoris

Pain or pressure around the heart

Angle of the mandible

Area from where the ramus ascends on the lower border of the mandible

Ankyloglossia

Shortness of the lingual frenum; "tongue-tied"

Ankylosed

Stiff joint; tooth fixation; retention of a deciduous tooth.

Ankylosis

A stiff joint or tooth fixation, retention of a deciduous tooth

Anneal

Purification by placement into flame; heated in flame until red

Anode

Positive pole in X-Ray tube that serves as the target for the electron force

Anodontia

Absence of teeth; partial or total loss of teeth

Anomalies

Out of the normal range, development, or general rule

Anopia

Blindness

Anosmia

Loss of sense of smell

Answering machine

Device that records calls received when the phone is not answered

Answering service

Professional service to answer calls,forward calls,and take messages

Antagonism

Opposite or contrary action of a drug

Antagonist

Opposing tooth; tooth that occludes or counteracts

Ante-

Prefix meaning before or forward

Antecubital fossa

Anterior depression or bend in the elbow

Anterior

Before or in front of; front of mouth canine to canine

Anterior band slitter

Orthodontic instrument used to slit the anterior band

Anti-

Prefix meaning opposed to, against, or counteracting

Antianxiety drug

Drug used to produce sedation

Antibody

Protein material that destroys antigens; part of the immune system

Anticoagulants

Drugs that delay or prevent the clotting of blood

Anti-flux

Material, usually graphite, applied to retarded the forward advance of the melted solder

Antifungal drug

Agent that will destroy of hamper the growth or multiplication of fungus

Antigens

Foreign substance introduced into or produced by the body

Antihistamines

Drugs that counteract the effects of histamines in the body

Antihyperlipids

Drugs that decrease or prevent high blood lipid plasma

Antihypertensivenes

Drugs to lower or decrease high tension

Anti-infective drug

Agent that will act against or destroy infections

Anti-inflammatory drug

Drug that relieves inflamation

Antimicrobial

A substance used to kill or destroy microbes

Antipyretic

Drug used to reduce fever

Antiseptic

Usually a diluted disinfectant; inhibits growth of microbes

Antiviral drug

Drug used to destroy or suppress the growth of viruses

Aorta

Main artery that exits from the heart

Aperture

Opening or port in a collimator disk to regulate the size of an X-Ray beam

Apex

Root end of tooth; the tip