22. Quantum computing, Super computers, Blockchains

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Last updated 11:40 AM on 4/16/26
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What is quantum key distribution

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a secure communication method that implements a cryptographic protocol involving components of quantum mechanics. It allows two parties—traditionally called Alice and Bob—to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages.

It is future proof

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Super computers

  1. what

  2. how dot they work

  3. Mega → giga → Tera → peta

  4. Supercomputers in India Mission

  5. Supercomputers in India names start with

  1. While your laptop or smartphone is designed to handle multiple everyday tasks (emails, videos, browsing), a supercomputer is built for one thing: crunching massive amounts of data at extreme speeds.

    Instead of thinking of it as a single "fast" computer, it’s more accurate to think of it as a massive cluster of thousands of processors working in perfect harmony to solve a single, complex problem.

  1. parallel computing

  2. National Supercomputer mission

  3. PARAM Shivay, PARAM Shakti etc

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How digital signature works

we encrypt the transaction/file with private key, now others can check with public key whether the encrypted data is by original user or not using the public key of the user

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Can old entries be edited or changed in blockchain?

No

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  1. Proof of work

  2. Proof of stake

  3. Proof of authority

  4. 51% attack

  1. the fastest validator gets the reward

  2. Here everyone will put some stake and the one who put highest stake will get the chance to validate and thus the reward, if not done properly then his stake will be gone

  3. Some authorised person will validate but this is not decentralised

  4. if someone has very much computing power so they validate every transaction faster than others combined then effectively he controls the system

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Which crypto uses proof of stake

Ethereum

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NFTs

It is a photo, animated image(GIF), video on the blockchain. they cannot be subdivided hence Non fungible