Religion Mid-Term: Everything except highlights on study guid

non-Jewish people

Gentiles

the raising of our minds and hearts to God

Prayer

Mary's ascension into heaven at the end of her life; body and soul

Assumption

asking for something from God for ourselves

Petition

dedicating someone or something to God

Blessing

asking something from God for someone else

Intercession

thanking God through prayer

Thanksgiving

praising God for his greatness

Praise

the official public prayer of the Church

liturgy

Mary's vocation as the mother of God announced to her by the Angel Gabriel

Annunciation

a wordless prayer in which we have an awareness of God's presence

contemplation

prayers such as the rosary, Divine Mercy Chaplet, Stations of the Cross, or the Novena

Popular Devotion

effective signs given to us by Jesus Christ through which we share in God's life

sacraments

a day in which we are bound by our faith to attend Mass

Holy Days of Obligation

Name the Sacraments of Initiation:

Baptism, Confirmation, Holy Communion

Name the Sacraments of Healing:

Reconciliation, Anointing of the Sick

Name the at the Service of Communion:

Holy Orders, Matrimony

What day is Christmas on?

December 25

What is Christmas?

the birth of Jesus Christ

What day is All Saints day on?

November 1

What day is the Immaculate Conception?

December 8

What is the Ascension?

the last celebration of the Easter season

When is the Ascension?

40 days after Easter Sunday

When is the the Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God?

January 1

When is the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary?

August 15

What day of the week is a holy day of obligation?

Sunday

What does the Liturgical calendar mark?

the seasons of the Church year

In the liturgical seasons, we are celebrating the _________________ in Jesus' life.

key events

What is the highpoint of the Liturgical Year?

Easter

the first five books of Moses' Law/the Bible as a whole

Torah/Pentateuch

the event in which Jesus gave the Apostles their helper; the Holy Spirit

Pentecost

men whom Catholics today would consider priests

presbyter

The Roman Emperor that began widespread persecution of Christians throughout the Roman Empire in 64 AD

Nero

a christian deacon in Jerusalem and the first Christian martyr of the Church

Stephen

Who are the two pillars of the Church?

Peter and Paul

A christian community leader in the city of Antioch that coined the term Christianity in 40 AD

Barnabus

a disciple of Jesus in Damascus; was sent bu Jesus to restore the sight Saul/Paul and provide him with additional instruction in the way of the Lord

Ananias

The Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John all told from a similar perspective

Synoptic Gospels

Letters to the early Christian communities written by/attributed to Saint Paul

Epistles

When was the Gospel of Mark written?

60-70 AD

When was the Gospel of Matthew written?

70-90 AD

When was the Gospel of John written?

90 AD

Where did Paul go on his first journey?

Cyprus, Antioch, other cities in modern-day Turkey and Syria

Which of Paul's journeys was his longest?

second

Where did Paul go on his second journey?

Greece

What city did Paul establish as a center of Christian faith on his second journey?

Corinth

Where did Paul go on his third journey?

Asia minor

What did Paul do on his third journey?

helped set up other Christian communities, including one in Ephesus

Where did Paul last go/where was he martyred?

Rome

This person:
persecuted Christians randomly and sporadically
blamed Christians for the Great Fire of Rome
was responsible for the deaths of Peter and Paul

Nero

This person:
First to have an organized model for persecuting Christians
His persecution was more widespread than earlier times
Church property was taken and Christian books were burned throughout his years of persecution

Decius

This person:
Last major persecutor of Christians- supported persecution
Many he killed would be recognized as martyrs of the faith

Diocletian

This person:
believed to be intolerant of Christians and supported persecution
To restore peace in the empire, he issued an edict in 311 for religious tolerance of Christians

Galerius

This person:
His mother, Helena, was a great influence on his faith
Issued Edict of Milan in 313 that granted religious tolerance throughout the entire empire
Christians were allowed to worship freely throughout the empire
Made Rome a Christian city
Built a basilica over St. Peter's tomb
Declared every Sunday a government holiday
Made official holidays of Easter and Christmas
Restored holy places in Jerusalem
Banned the worship of false gods

Emperor Constantine

This person:
made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire
Unrest in the Empire continued among Christians about what their beliefs were
Called for another council of the Church after the Council of Nicaea to reiterate the official teachings of the Church

Emperor Theodosius I

scholars and writers who contributed to our understanding of the Christian faith

Church fathers

Name the four fathers of the Church

Origen, Tertullian, St. John Chrysostom, St. Jerome

studied and explained Scripture

Origen

developed a vocabulary of terms to describe the faith

Tertullian

a great preacher whose name "Chrysostom" means "golden mouthed"

St. John Chrysostom

translated the Bible from Hebrew and Greek to Latin

St. Jerome

a deacon that explained that Jesus had to be fully God to have the power to save us; his argument was accepted while the Arian heresy was condemned

Athanasius

the mother of St. Augustine who continually prayed for his conversion

Monica

a heretic that claimed Mary was the mother of the human Jesus

Nestorius

Emperor Constantine's mother who was a great influence on his faith

Helena

A scholar and writer,
Son of a pagan father and a Christian mother- St. Monica,
Converted to Christianity after years of prayer by his mother,
Left an important mark on the Church

St. Augustine

Claimed that God's Revelation was available only to a few; contradicted the idea that Jesus welcomed all

Gnostics

claimed Jesus only pretended to e human and didn't really suffer on the cross

Docetists

claimed material world (all created by man) was evil and was created by an evil spirit; in contrast, the world is God's creation and is good

Manicheans

followers of Marcion who rejected the Old Testament; we now know that it is part of the revealed Word of God

Marcionites

followed the teachings of Arius who preached that Jesus was a little more than human but not fully divine; the Church teaches that Jesus is both fully human AND fully divine

Arians

the Bible as a book of faith and Tradition as a living witness of Faith

Word of God

all the truth contained in Scripture and Tradition that Christ revealed and entrusted to the Apostles and this to their successors, the bishops, and to the entire Church

Deposit of Faith

a covenant or agreement

Testament

a belief or collection of beliefs that rejects one or more of the revealed truths of our own faith

heresy

means "of the whole world"

ecumenical

a statement of belief

creed

the official list of the books of the Bible

Canon

What does the old testament focus on?

God's old covenant with the people of Israel

How many books does the old testament have?

46

What does the new testament focus on?

fulfillment of the old covenant through Jesus Christ

How many books does the new testament have?

27

list of the sacred books in the Bible; 73 books total

canon

All of the books of the bible were _______________________.

divinely inspired

The written and spoken beliefs and practices that have been passed down from the time of Christ and the Apostles

Tradition

Bishops can trace their authority back to the ______________________.

Apostles

The pope can trace his authority to ___________________.

Peter

There have been ________ ecumenical councils in the history of the Church.

21

Councils call the _____________ ______ ________________ together from throughout the world.

pope and bishops

The first ecumenical council of the Church

Council of Nicaea (325)

last council of the Church

Second Vatican Council (1962)

When did the Council of Nicaea take place?

325

Why did the council of Nicaea begin?

disagreement across Roman Empire about Arian heresy

What year did the Council of Constantinople begin?

381

Who called the Council of Constantinople?

Emperor Theodosius I

What was the purpose of the Council of Constantinople?

to end controversies over official Church teachings

When did the Council at Ephesus begin?

431

When did the Council of Chalcedon begin?

451

Name the four early ecumenical councils in order:

Nicaea, Constantinople, Ephesus, Chalcedon

How many books are there in the Bible?

73