DC US History: Unit 7 Exam

June 28, 1914

Archduke Austria-Hungarian Frans Ferdinand is assassinated in Bosnia by a surbian national from the black hand

Assasination of Frans Ferdinand

What is the cause of WWI?

Russia and Germany

When Austria-Hungary declared War on Serbia who did they bring in for allies on both sides?

Russia

Who was the ally to Serbia?

Germany

Who was the ally to Austria-Hungary?

Allies

Great Britain, France, Russia (Until 1917), Italy, and the US (Joins in 1917)

Central Powers

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire

Re-election

In 1917 what does Wilson run for?

Keep America out of the war and America will remain neutral

What is Wilson’s two truths for WWI?

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare, Lusitania Sinking, and Zimmerman Telegram

What were the 3 causes for the US to join the war?

Keep supplies from Great Britain

Germany began sinking ships neutral ships off of the coast of Britain to do what?

To blast neutral ships out of the water or any ship supplying allies

What was Germany’s strategy?

Lusitania was sunk

What happened in May of 1915?

Lusitania sinking

A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German submarine

War supplies

What did the Lusitania have that was going to be given to allies?

124

How many americans died from the Lusitania sinking?

To look at possible expansion & preparedness incase of war came

Zimmerman Telegram (1917)

A secret message that exposes a secret plot that Germany has encouraged Mexico to fight & invade the US to gain territory back that they have lost during the Mexican-American War

British

Who broke the Zimmerman Telegram?

Mexico

Who did Germany pledge to help if they would attack the US

April of 1917

When did Wilson declare war on Germany

The world must remain safe for democracy

What was Wilson’s message?

Select Service Act of 1917

A military draft

24 million

How many people were required to draft?

4 million

How many actually got drafted from the requirement?

5 million

How many people participated in the US army?

1 million

How many volunteers did the army have?

North and Urban areas

Where was there a massive demand for factories to produce goods needed for war?

Committee of Public Information

Getting information to the public

Used every media possible

What did the CPI use?

4 minute men

Gave speeches about war to communities (propaganda war machine)

War Industries Board

Controls all elements of wartime production

Food administration

Made ure the allied nations overseas had food

Grow and preserve food

What was America’s job in WWI?

Herbert Huber

Who was the head of the food administration?

Bonds and Taxes

Government asks people to buy bonds to support war effort

Bond

Take your money today and give it to the government in return the government will give you a piece of paper that you can cash out later for more value

Significantly rise

Corrupt & income taxes did what?

60%

How much of their income did the wealthiest pay?

15th largest army

When the US got involved in WWI, how big was their army?

Hand to hand combat, grenade throwing in trenches, and climbing terrains

What did the training look like?

Trench Warfare

What is WWI known for?

General John Pershing

Who didn’t arrive in Europe until 1918, and lead the American Expeditionary Force into WWI?

Meuse-Argone September-November 1918

Most notable combat the AEF participated in and the main major military engagement

Cease fire

In November of 1918 what is agreed on for closing the war?

1\.2 million

How many Americans took part in the Meuse-Argon Offense?

96,000

How many wounded soldiers were there in the Meuse-Argon offense?

26,000 killed

How many Americans were killed in the Meuse-Argon offense?

Bloodiest Battle the US has ever participated in

The Meuse-Argon is considered to be what?

Disease and dirtiness

What killed the most people in WWI?

Mud

What was the enemy in trenches?

Machine Guns, Poison Gas, Trenches, Planes, and Tanks

What were some of the technologies that changed WWI?

Eddie Rickenbocker

Who was an American fighting plane Ace for WWI?

Create peace in post war world and avoid any future wars

What was Wilson’s goal with the 14 point plan?

Creation of an association of nations

What was point #14?

League of Nations

International group of nations that keep peace and solve or settle any other disputes

Without any senators

Wilson went to France without what?

Treaty of Versailles (1919)

All about punishment

Germany

Who was severely punished?

100,000 men

How much were the German forces limited to?

All the blame

Germany had to accept what?

Crippled because of reprations

Germany’s economy was what?

33 billion dollars

How much did Germany owe to the allies?

Senate

Who refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles?

Congress

Who can declare war and make treaties?

Power

What would Congress not have if they ratified the treaty of Versailles?

Isolationism

What does the US take into effect after WWI?

Red

Communism & Anarchy/ Chaos

Scare

Fear of communism & anarchy

The Russian Revolution

In 1917, was the one event that made the fear of communism rise in the US

Labor unions, movements, and immigrants

Who were seen to be apart of the communism plan?

Mitchell Palmer

Current attorney general of the United States

Communists

Who did the Palmer raids target?

Xenophobia

Dislike or prejudice towards people from other countries

USAT Buford

Over 200 Russian “communists” were put on this ship & deported back to Russia

Sacco and Vanzetti Trial

Known anarchists who were accused of a homicide in a shoe factory in Massachusetts

Emergency Quota Act (1921) and National Origins Act (1924)

What two acts were both severely limited & restricted new immigrants from entering the US?

Great Migration

In 1915, Blacks moved from the Jim crow south to the north to take an industrial war time job

Chicago, Cleveland, and Detroit

What 3 cities had mass population growth?

Chicago Race Riot

\-5 days

\-National guard involved

\-38 killed and 500+ injured

\-Black teen who didn’t cross the beach at the appropriate spot

Tulsa Race Riot

\-300 blacks killed

\-10,000 left homeless

\-Black wall street destroyed

\-Young black man falls and slipped into a women, and was deemed of trying to do something

Credit, Overproduction, and Overspeculation

3 big causes that lead to the Great Depression

Europe

Where was the demand for American crops high?

“Buying on a margin”

If you only put a small value down, you borrow money to invest in the stock market

Black Tuesday (October 29, 1929)

What started the Great Depression?

Hoovervilles

Poor, jobless, no money people

1929

What year did the stock market crash?

1932

What year is the worst year of the Great Depression?

26,000

How many businesses close in 1930?

25%

What percent is out of the work force in 1932?

Dust Bowl

Drought and overworking land destroyed crops caused by dust storms

West coast and California

Where were Farmers forced to live after the Dust Bowl?

Dorthea Lagne

Who was a photographer that took pictures of migrant families ruined by Great Depression & Dust Bowl?

Herbert Hoover’s Economics

Believed the federal government shouldn’t provide citizens with relief

Smoot Hawley Tariff (1930)

Put a 60% tariff rate on imported goods

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (1932)

Hoover’s attempt to try gaining back support

F. D. Roosevelt

Who becomes president in 1932?

4 terms

How many terms was Roosevelt elected for?

Regular Radio Broadcasts (Fire Side Chat)

Roosevelt gave what into homes to ease fears?

Relief, Reform, and Recovery

What were the 3 R’s?