PHILIPPINE HISTORY FTRC PART 1

Land bridge theory (Tulay na lupa)

theorizes that the Philippines was once part of mainland Asia.

Land bridge theory

It was a land mass bridging the Asian continent to Indonesia, New Guinea, up to the Australian Continent.

Volcanic origin

Proposed by Dr. Bailey Willis. Philippines came into existence after eruptions of volcanoes beneath the Pacific Ocean.

Philippines belongs to the Pacific Ring of Fire

majority of earthquakes occur

Legend of Mu or Lemuria

Both the Philippines and Indonesia were then part of a Pacific Continent which sunken during the prehistoric period. Influenced by the legend of the lost continent of Atlantis.

Legend of Manaul

the bird, the sky, and the sea. A mythical bird

Continental Drift Theory

supercontinent called PANGEA

Continental Drift Theory

Movement of tectonic plates

Creation theory

Biblical account Genesis 1:1-31

Migration theory (DAIM)was proposed by

Henry Otley Beyer

Dawnmen

First migrant through land bridge

Aetas or negritos

second migrant through land bridge

Indonesians

third migrant through boats

Malays

fourth migrants through boats

Aborigens/aboriginal settler

original settlers in the Philippines

Evolution theory was proposed by

Felipe Landa Jocano

Felipe Landa Jocano

used the Robert Fox's discovery of Taong Tabon in Palawan

Sikalak and Sibkahay

King Manaul named the man Sikalak and the woman Sibkahay. Both of whom where the ancestors of Humankind

Mai (present day Mindoro)

The achipelago's name during the early Chinese traders

Islas de San Lazaro (Archipelago of St. Lazarus)

The archipelago's name during Ferdinand Magellan in 1521

Filipinas (in honor of prince of Asturias)

The archipelago's name during Ruy Lopez De Villalobos in 1543

Pearl of the Orient

The archipelago's name during Fr. Juan J. Delgado in 1751

Pearl of the Orient Seas

The archipelago's name during Jose Rizal in 1896

Philippine Island

The archipelago's name during American Period

Republic of the Philippines

The archipelago's name during 1946

Rizaline Republic

The archipelago's name during the time of Artemio Ricarte

Maharlika

The archipelago's name during the time of Ferdinand Marcos

Barter system

it is the international trading during the pre-hispanic era

Gold, salt, and rice

are the medium of barter system during pre-colonial

Datu class (ruling class), Maharlika (aristocracy), timagua (timawa- common class and gabaligya sa market), alipin(dependent class)

correct order of social rank during pre-colonial

Boxer Codex

an anonymous late 16th century manuscript mentioned that ONLY MEN were qualified for the title.

Maharlika

-mixed marriages between a ruling dynasty and one of Power. EXOGAMY ex. Alipin and Datu / Maharlika

TIMAWA

class enjoyed their rights to portion of the brgy. land

ALIPIN

man indebted to another

ALIPING NAMAMAHAY ALIPING SAGIGILID

2 Types of Alipin

ALIPING NAMAMAHAY (householder)

alipin w/ land rights. He came to his masters call to work on the fields and do other services. (ON CALL)

ALIPING SAGIGILID

(gilid is the part of the house where the stove is) members of the master's household who ate from their master's pot. (STAY - IN)

Survival and conformity

Education aimed during pre hispanic

Enculturation

learning the culture that live you by -result of individual experiences / by product of the accumulation of race experiences

7,641 islands

islands in the Philippines

More/less 2000

inhabited islands in the Philippines

Archipelago (group of islands)

Philippine landform

3G's (God,Gold,Glory)

Goals of european for their expansion

333 yrs

number of years that the Philippines was colonized by spain

FERDINAND MAGELLAN

He Led an expedition for Spain to Mollucas by sailing west (pero) abig mollucas Philippines diay.

Fr. Pedro de Valderama (fleet chaplain) Antonio Pigafetta (chronicler) Duarte de Barbosa (Magellan's brother-in-law) Enrique of Malacca (acting as interpreter Malay slave)

Accompanied Magellan (FADE)

TRINIDAD(Magellan's Ship), CONCEPTION (burned and lost), SANTIAGO (lost at sea), SAN ANTONIO (talawan ship), VICTORIA (only survivor and explored the world)

5 Ships of Magellan

Juan Sebastian Del Cano

First man to circumnavigate the world and commander/ Captain of Victoria Ship

MARCH 16, 1521

Magellan saw the island of Samar

Rajah Kolambu

blood compact with magellan

March 31, 1521

First mass on Leyte (Mazaua, Southern Leyte)

Miguel Lopez de Legaspi

First Spanish Governor General

Diego Delos Rios

Last Spanish Governor General

Rajah Sikatuna chief of bohol

Blood compact with Miguel Lopez de Legaspi

San Miguel Cebu

1 st Spanish settlement was established with Rajah Tupas

Cebu

Spanish settlement; oldest city in the phil.

Reduccion Plan

(Fr. Juan De Plancencia) required the natives to live in the area near church

Governor General

President of Audencia

Cumplase

the right of governor to suspend operation of a royal decree coming from the king

Royal Audiencia

Supreme Court during Spanish era

Residencia

judicial institution punishing those guilty of graft and corruption

Visitador General

check the behavior of the high officials in the colony

Encomiendas

land reward given by Spaniards who helped in the pacification of the country but was abolished

ALCALDIA

Provinces during spanish era headed by Alcalde Mayor (pacified areas)

Corregimentos (unpacified areas)

Provinces during spanish era headed by Corregidors

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AYUNTAMIENTO

cities during spanish era headed by 2 alcalde

PUEBIOS

towns during spanish era headed by Gobernadoracillo

CABEZA de Barangay

barangay during spanish era

Frailocracy

Government ruled by friars

Falla

you are exempted of forced labor if you pay an annual tax of 7 pesos

Forced labor / Polo y Servicio

male from 16 to 60 years were required to render service, to government for 40 days supposedly with daily allowance and food ration, but the polistas (laborers) were made to work without daily allowances and meager food ration.

Encomienda

land granted to deserving Spaniards who served the government.

Galleon Trade of Manila - Acapulco Trade-

products coming from Manila were shipped to Acapulco, Mexico on trade vessels called galleons with regular performance of forced labor.

Alcapulo Mexico

Didto gina padala ang Galleon Trade

Jose Basco Y. Vargas

started Tobacco Monopoly

Tobacco Monopoloy

considered as the longest monopoly that lasted for 100 years

Catholicism

Religious influence considered as the greatest legacy of spain to the phil.

Augustinians

first teachers during the Spanish era

Thomasites

first teachers during the American period

Spaniards

INITIATED Public education

Americans

IMPLEMENTED public education

Educational Decree of 1863

introduced a system of public education that opened opportunities to Filipinos for higher learning.

Fr. Manuel Blanco

first scientist in the Philippines

Fr. Manuel Blanco

The Prince of Botanist

Fr. Manuel Blanco

wrote Flora de Filipinas which was published in 1837. This book identified 1.200 kinds of plants in the country.

University of Santo Tomas

oldest school

College of San Ignacio

first college for boys

College of Santa Potenciana

first college for girls

Peninsulares

full-blooded Spaniards BORN in SPAIN

Insulares

full-blooded spaniards BORN in PHILIPPINES

Tornatras

person of mixed spanish, Chinese, Austronesian descent

Mestizo de Español

person of mixed Spanish and Austronesian descent

Mestizo de Sangley

person of mixed CHINESE and Austronesian ancestry

Sangley

full-blooded CHINESE

Indio

full-blooded AUSTRONESIAN

ILLUSTRADOS

filipinos educated in EUROPE meaning "The Enlightened one" Middle Class Fil educated in Europe

Revolt of Lakandula Sulayman

KINGS OF TONDO

PEOPLE OF CAGAYAN

Magalat's Revolt

PEOPLE OF PALAPAG, SAMAR

Sumoroy's Rebellion