med term ch. 11

conjunctiva

root: conjunctiv (conjunctiva)
inner lining of eyelids

conjunctivitis

root: conjunctiv (conjunctiva)
suffix: itis (inflammation)
inflammation of the inner lining of the eyelids

cornea

root: corne (cornea)
the central transparent part of the outer coat of the eyes covering the iris and pupil

lacrimal

root: lacrim (tear)
pertaining to tears and the tear apparatus

cf/r: nas/o (nose)
root: duct (to lead)
root: lacrim (tear)
passage from the lacrimal sac to the nose

ophthalmology

cf/r: ophthalm/o (eye)
suffix: logy (study of)
diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the eye

ophthalmologist

cf/r: ophthalm/o (eye)
suffix: logist (one who studies)
medical specialist in ophthalmology

orbit

the bony socket that holds the eyeball

periorbital

prefix: peri (around)
root: orbit (orbit)
pertaining to the tissues around the orbit

photophobia

cf/r: phot/o (light)
root: phob (fear)
suffix: ia (condition)
abnormal sensitivity to light due to pain in the eyes

antibiotic

prefix: anti (against)
root: bio (life)
suffix: tic (pertaining to)
a substance that has the capacity to inhibit/destroy bacterial growth

blepharitis

root: blephar (eyelid)
suffix: itis (inflammation)
inflammation of the eyelid

blepharoptosis

root: blephar (eyelid)
suffix: ptosis (drooping)
drooping of the upper eyelid

blepharoplasty

root: blephar (eyelid)
suffix: plasty (surgical repair)
surgical repair of the eyelid

contagious

latin: touch closely
infection that can be spread from person to person or from a person to a surface

contaminate

prefix: con (together)
root: tamin (touch)
suffix: ate (composed of)
to cause the presence of an infectious agent on a surface

contamination

prefix: con (together)
root: tamin (touch)
suffix: ation (process)
the presence of an infectious agent on a surface

hordeolum

latin: stye in the eye
Abscess in an eyelash follicle

paresis

greek: paralysis
Partial paralysis

ptosis

greek: drooping
drooping down of the upper eyelid or an organ

purulent

root: pur (pus)
suffix: ulent (abounding in)
showing or containing pus

accommodation

prefix: ac (toward)
root: commodat (adjust)
suffix: ion (action)
the act of adjusting something to make it fit the needs; the lens of the eye adjust itself

amblyopia

prefix: ambly (dull)
root: opia (sight)
failure or incomplete development of the pathways of vision to the brain

esotropia

prefix: eso (inward)
root: trop (turn)
suffix: ia (condition)
turning the eye inward toward the nose

exotropia

prefix: exo (outward)
root: trop (turn)
suffix: ia (condition)
turning the eye outward away from the nose

extrinsic

latin: on the outer side
any muscle located on the outside of the structure

intrinsic

latin: on the inner side
any muscle located entirely within the structure

nystagmus

greek: nodding
fast, uncontrollable movements of the eyeballs

ocular

root: ocul (eye)
suffix: ar (pertaining to)
pertaining to the eye

optometrist

cf/r: opt/o (vision)
suffix: metrist (skilled in measurement)
someone skilled in the measurement of vision but cannot treat eye diseases or prescribe medication

optometry

cf/r: opt/o (vision)
suffix: metry (process of measuring)
the profession of the measurement of vision

rotary

latin: to revole
circular movement

stereopsis

root: stere (three dimensional)
suffix: opsis (vision)
three-dimensional vision

strabismus

root: strab (squint)
suffix: ismus (take action)
turning of an eye away from its normal position

abrasion

root: abras (scrape off)
suffix: ion (action)
area of skin or membrane that has been scraped off

cataract

latin: break down
complete or partial opacity of the lens

fluorescein

prefix: fluo (fluorine)
root: rescein (resin)
dye that produces a vivid green color under a blue light to diagnose corneal abrasions and foreign bodies

glaucoma

root: glauc (lens opacity)
suffix: oma (tumor or mass)
loss of vision due to increased intraocular pressure

keratoplasty

root: kerat/o (cornea)
suffix: plasty (repair)
corneal transplant or graft

keratoconjunctivitis

cf/r: kerat/o (cornea)
root: conjunctiva
combined inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva

ophthalmia neonatorum

root: ophthalm (eye)
suffix: ia (condition)
prefix: neo (new)
root: nat (born)
suffix: orum (function of)
conjunctivitis of the newborn

photosensitivity

cf/r: phot/o (light)
root: sensitiv (feeling)
suffix: ity (condition)
when light produces pain in the eye

pollution

latin: to defile
condition that is unclean, impure, and a danger to health

photosensitive

cf/r: phot/o (light)
root: sensitiv (feeling)
having a reaction to light

pollutant

root: pollut (unclean)
suffix: ant (pertaining to)
substance that makes an environment unclean

ophthalmoscope

cf/r: ophthalm/o (eye)
suffix: scope (instrument for viewing)
instrument for viewing the retina

ophthalmoscopy

cf/r: ophthalm/o (eye)
suffix: scopy (to view)
the process of viewing the retina

retinoblastoma

cf/r: retin/o (retina)
root: blast (immature cell)
suffix: oma (tumor)
malignant neoplasm of the primitive retinal cells

retinopathy

cf/r: retin/o (retina)
suffix: pathy (disease)
degenerative disease of the retina

ishihara color system

test for color vision defects

jaeger reading cards

printed in different sizes of print for testing near vision

peripheral vision

root: peripher (external boundary)
ability to see objects as they come into the outer edges of the visual field

refractometer

cf/r: refract/o (to bend)
suffix: meter (measure)
device that measures refractive errors of the cornea

snellen letter chart

test for acuity of distance vision

argon laser

laser used for ophthalmic procedures consisting of photons in the blue or green spectrum

cryotherapy

cf/r: cry/o (cold)
suffix: therapy (treatment)
the use of cold in the treatment of disease

cryopexy

cf/r: cry/o (cold)
suffix: pexy (fixation)
repair of a detached retina by freezing it to the surrounding tissue

fundus

latin: bottom
part farthest from the opening of a hollow organ

fundoscopy

cf/r: fund//o (fundus)
suffix: scopy (to examine)
examination of the fundus (retina) of the eye

in situ

latin: in its original place
in the correct place

intraocular

prefix: intra (inside)
root: ocul (eye)
pertaining to the inside of the eye

keratectomy

root: kerat (cornea)
suffix: ectomy (surgical excision)
surgery to remove corneal tissue

keratomileusis

cf/r: kerat/o (cornea)
root: mileusis (lathe)
a surgical procedure that involves cutting and shaping the cornea

keratoplasty

cf/r: kerat/o (cornea)
suffix: plasty (repair)
corneal transplant or graft

keratotomy

cf/r: kerat/o (cornea)
suffix: tomy (surgical incision)
incision in the cornea

phacoemulsification

cf/r: phac/o (lens)
root: emulsific (to milk out_)
suffix: ation (process)
technique used to fragment the center of the lens into very tiny pieces and suck then out of the eye

photocoagulation

cf/r: phot/o (light)
root: coagul (clot)
suffix: ation (process)
the use of light to form a clot

phororeactive

cf/r: phot/o (light)
prefix: re (again)
root: active (movement)
initiation by light of a process previously inactiev

tonometer

cf/r: ton/o (pressure)
suffix: meter (measure)
instrument for measuring intraocular pressure

trabeculectomy

root: trabecul (eye's fluid drainage system)
suffix: ectomy (excision)
surgical creation of passage in sclera to allow fluid to drain out of the eye

trabeculoplasty

cf/r: trabecul/o (eye's fluid drainage system)
suffix: plasty (surgical repair)
laser repair of the eye's fluid drainage system

atropine

pharmacologic agent used to dilate pupils

inhibitor

prefix: in (in)
root: hibit (keep back)
suffix: or (one who does)
an agent that restrains or retards physiologic, chemical or enzymatic action

miosis

cf/r: mi/o (less)
contraction of the pupil

miotic

cf/r: mi/o (less)
an agent that causes the pupil to contract

mydriasis

root: mydri (dilation of the pupil)
dilation of the pupil

acetaminophen

medication that is an analgesic and antipyretic

acute

latin: sharp
disease of sudden onset

audiology

cf/r: audi/o (hearing)
suffix: ology (study of)
study of hearing disorders

bilateral

prefix: bi (two)
root: later (side)
suffix: al
on two sides (ex. in both ears)

chronic

greek: time
a persistent, long term disease

effusion

latin: pouring out
collection of fluid that has escaped from blood vessels into a cavity or tissues

otitis media

root: ot (ear)
root: media (middle)
inflammation of the middle ear

otologist

cf/r: ot/o (ear)
suffix: logist (specialist)
medical specialist in diseases of the ear

otorhinolaryngologist

cf/r: ot/o (ear)
cf/r: rhin/o (nose)
cf/r: laryng/o (larynx)
ear, nose, and throat medical specialist

auditory

latin: hearing
relating to hearing or the organs of hearing

auricle

latin: ear
the shell-like external ear

cerumen

waxy secretions of glands of the external ear

impacted

latin: driven in
immovably wedged, as with earwax blocking the external canal

meatus

latin: go through
passage or channel; also external opening of a passage

pinna

latin: wing
another name for auricle

tympanic

root: tympan (eardrum)
pertaining to the tympanic membrane (eardrum)

adenoid

root: aden (gland)
suffix: oid (resembling)
single mass of lymphoid tissue in the midline at the back of the throat

eustachian tube

tube that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx

incus

latin: anvil
middle one of the three ossicles in the middle ear; shaped like an anvil

malleus

latin: hammer
outer one of three ossicles in middle ear; shaped like a hammer

mastoid

root: mast (breast)
suffix: oid (resembling)
small bony protrusion immediately behind the ear

nasopharynx

cf/r: nas/o (nose)
root: pharynx (throat)
region of the pharynx at the back of the nose and above the soft palate

ossicle

cf/r: oss/i (bone)
suffix: cle (small)
a small bone, particularly relating to the three bones in the middle ear

stapes

latin: stirrup
inner one of the three ossicles of the middle ear; shaped like a stirrup