ISDS 402 Midterm 1

In the general division of labor between database applications and the DBMS, the processing of forms is considered a DBMS task.

False

Microsoft SQL Server is an example of a:

a. data manipulation system.

b. database.

c. list manager.

d. table.

e. database management system.

Database management system

A database may be used to help people:

a. track which student is assigned to a particular advisor.

b. know the current inventory levels of products their company sells.

c. check on the estimated arrival time of an incoming flight at an airport.

d. look up their checking account balance over the Internet.

e. All of these

All of these

Referential integrity constraints must be enforced by the application program.

False

An advantage of keeping data in lists is that if you add a new row of data to the list, you will never have null values occurring for any data item in the row.

False

SQL stands for:

a. Standard Query Language.

b. Structural Question Language.

c. Standard Question Language.

d. Structured Query Language.

e. Structured Question Language.

Structured Query Language

Relational database tables are commonly combined, queried, and processed using Structured Query Language (SQL).

True

The purpose of a database is to help people keep track of things.

True

A relational database can be defined as a self-describing collection of related tables.

True

Which of the following is not true of surrogate keys?

a. They are numeric.

b. They are unique.

c. They are usually generated by the DBMS.

d. They are meaningful to the users.

e. They are usually hidden on forms and reports.

They are meaningful to the users

Since surrogate keys are used to uniquely identify rows, their values are normally displayed prominently on all forms and reports for the users to see.

False

The primary key is used both to identify unique rows in a relation and to represent rows in relationships.

True

In the normalization process, it is necessary to identify all the determinants in a relation.

True

Although Microsoft Access is a personal database, it is still subject to the following modification problem(s):

a. problems adding data.

b. problems changing data.

c. problems deleting data.

d. All of these

e. None of these

All of these

Which of the following is not true about a relation?

a. A relation may not have duplicate rows.

b. The order of the rows of a relation is insignificant.

c. The cells of a relation must hold a single value.

d. A relation is a two-dimensional table.

e. A relation may have duplicate column names.

A relation may have duplicate column names

Which of the following is true about a key?

a. It may be unique.

b. It may be non-unique.

c. In may identify more than one row.

d. Both It may be unique and It may be non-unique

e. All of these

It may be non-unique

Null values can cause problems because they are ambiguous.

True

To create a well-formed relation through normalization, every determinant must be a candidate key.

True

When the primary key of one relation is placed into a second relation, it is called a:

a. candidate key.

b. relocated key.

c. field key.

d. foreign key.

e. referential integrity.

Foreign key

Which of the following data types used in SQL would define a fixed-length text field of 10 characters?

a. varchar(10)

b. text(10)

c. fixed(10)

d. char(10)

e. length(10)

char(10)

Which of the following is not a standard data type used in SQL?

a. Varchar

b. Integer

c. Numeric

d. Text

e. Char

Text

Which of the following cannot be done using the CONSTRAINT phrase?

a. Create a single attribute primary key.

b. Define a foreign key.

c. Establish a referential integrity constraint.

d. All of these can be done using the CONSTRAINT phrase.

e. None of these can be done using the CONSTRAINT phrase.

All of these can be done using the CONSTRAINT phrase.

Which SQL keyword is used to specify a condition that rows must meet to be included in the results of an SQL SELECT query?

a. ORDER BY

b. GROUP BY

c. WHERE

d. FROM

e. SELECT

WHERE

Given the table STUDENT(StudentID, Name, Advisor), which of the following SQL statements would be used to add new student data to the STUDENT table?

a. INSERT INTO STUDENT (New Student Data) VALUES (123, 'Jones', 'Smith');

b. INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES (123, 'Jones', 'Smith');

c. INPUT DATA STUDENT SET StudentID=123, Name=' Jones', Advisor='Smith';

d. INSERT DATA STUDENT SET StudentID=123, Name='Jones', Advisor='Smith';

e. INPUT INTO STUDENT (123, 'Jones', 'Smith');

INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES (123, 'Jones', 'Smith');

Which of the following activities is not performed during the implementation phase of developing a database system?

a. Filling the database with data

b. Creating forms

c. Transforming the data model into a database design

d. Creating reports

e. Writing application programs

Transforming the data model into a database design

In crow's foot style E-R diagrams, a hash mark across the relationship line near an entity indicates:

a. a minimum cardinality of zero.

b. a minimum cardinality of one.

c. a maximum cardinality of one.

d. a maximum cardinality of many.

e. Both a minimum cardinality of one and a maximum cardinality of one

Both a minimum cardinality of one and a maximum cardinality of one

Which of the following is true about identifiers of entities?

a. Identifiers are not normally used in a naming role.

b. Identifiers may not be more than two attributes.

c. The value of an identifier may identify a set of entity instances.

d. Identifiers must be unique.

e. An identifier in the E-R model is equivalent to a key in the relational model.

The value of an identifier may identify a set of entity instances.

Which of the following is not a stage in the development of a database system?

a. Requirements analysis

b. Validation

c. Component design

d. Implementation

e. All of these are stages in the development of a database system.

Validation

Entity A is N:1 to Entity B. Which of the following is known to be true?

a. A single instance of ENTITY A must be related to many instances of ENTITY B.

b. ENTITY A has a minimum cardinality of zero.

c. The degree of the relationship is "many."

d. There are more instances of ENTITY A than there are instances of ENTITY B in the user's environment.

e. A single instance of ENTITY B may be related to many instances of ENTITY A.

A single instance of ENTITY B may be related to many instances of ENTITY A.

________ is used to help people keep track of things.

Database

Deleted row-too much data lost

Changed row-inconsistent data

Inserted row-data missing

The above situations represent:

Modification problems

_______ contains a collection of separate tables.

Relational database

The possible modifications to the database tables are:

Insert, update, delete

The language for defining the structure and processing of a relational database is:

Structured Query Language

What are the purposes of using SQL?

A. Query for specific data conditions

B. Insert, update, and delete data

C. Perform computations on data in tables

D. Reconstruct lists from their underlying tables

E. All of the above

All of the above

Users, database application, database management system, and database itself are all components of:

Database system

A computer program used to create, process, and administer the database is known as:

Database management system

The purpose of the DBMS is to:

Create, process, and administer databases.

The difference between database application and DBMS is that database application:

Serves as an intermediary between the user and the DBMS.

The difference between database application and DBMS is that DBMS:

Receive requests encoded in SQL and translates those requests into actions on the database.

The difference between database application and database is that database:

Is a collection of related tables and other structures.

A relationship on foreign key values that specifies that the values of a foreign key must be a proper set of the values of the primary key to which it refers is:

Referential integrity constaint

The data about the structure of a database are called:

Metadata

A description of the structure of the database that is contained within the data itself is called:

Self-describing

A DBMS product intended for use by an individual or small workgroup, such as Microsoft Access, is called:

Personal database system

A DBMS product capable of supporting the operating requirement of large organizations is:

Enterprise-class database system

The terminology that is associated with a relation is:

Table

The terminology that is associated with a tuple is:

Row

The terminology that is associated with an attribute is:

Column

Rows contain data about an entity.

Columns contain data about attributes of the entity.

Cells of the table hold a single value.

All entries in a column are of the same kind.

Each column has a unique name.

The order of the columns is unimportant.

The order of the rows is unimportant.

No two rows may hold identical sets of data values.

These characteristics above represent:

Relation

One or more columns of a relation that is used to identify a row is:

Key

A key that contains two or more attributes is:

Composite key

A key that uniquely identifies each row in a relation is:

Candidate key

The candidate key that is chosen as the key that the DBMS will use to uniquely identify each row in a relation is:

Primary key

A column with a unique, DBMS identifier that has been added to a table to be the primary key is:

Surrogate key

The attribute in the second relation that holds the specified values is:

Foreign key

A missing value in a cell in a relation is:

Null value

The problem with null values is that they are:

Ambiguous

A relationship between attributes in which one attribute or group of attributes determines the value of another is called:

Functional dependency

When X leads to Y, X is functionally dependent on Y. This is an interpretation of:

Functional dependency

The process of breaking a table or relation with more than one theme into a set of tables that each has only one theme is:

Normalization

Identify all the candidate keys of the relation.

Identify all the functional dependencies in the relation.

Examine the determinants of the functional dependencies. If any determinant is not a candidate key, the relation is not well-formed.

Repeat step 3 as many times as necessary until every determinant of every relation is a candidate key.

The above steps represent:

Normalization process

The SQL was developed by:

IBM Corporation

The SQL standards were set by:

International Organization for Standardization

A style of query interface, first developed by IBM but now used by other vendors, that enables users to express queries by providing examples of the results they seek is called:

Query By Example

The SQL statement that is used for creating tables, relationships, and other structures, is known as:

Data definition language

The SQL statement that is used for querying, inserting, modifying, and deleting data, along with using SQL view, is known as:

Data manipulation language

What syntax is this:

Constraint Tablename_PK Primary Key ({PrimaryKeyColumns})

PK constraints

What syntax is this:

Constraint Tablename_FK Foreign Key({ForeignKeyColumns)}

References Tablename({PrimaryKeyColumns})

On Update

Foreign key constraints

Which SQL clause specifies which columns are to be listed in the query results?

SELECT

Which SQL clause specifies which tables are to be used in the query?

FROM

Which SQL clause specifies which rows are to be listed in the query results?

WHERE

What syntax is this:

SELECT ProjectName, Department, MaxHours

FROM PROJECT;

Reading specified columns from a single table

What syntax is this:

SELECT ProjectName, Department, MaxHours, StartDate, EndDate

FROM PROJECT

WHERE Department = 'Finance';

Reading specified rows from a single table

What syntax is this:

SELECT ProjectName, Department, MaxHours, StartDate, EndDate

FROM PROJECT

WHERE Department = 'Finance'

OR Phone = '819-826-2539';

Reading specified columns and specified rows from a single table

What syntax is this:

SELECT ProjectName, Department, MaxHours, StartDate, EndDate

FROM PROJECT

WHERE ProjectName LIKE '2014 Q_Portfolio Analysis';

Wildcard

What syntax is this:

SELECT FirstName, LastName, Department

FROM EMPLOYEE

WHERE EmployeeNumber >= 2

AND EmployeeNumber

Range

What syntax is this:

SELECT FirstName, LastName, Phone, Department

FROM EMPLOYEE

WHERE Phone IS NULL;

Null

What syntax is this:

SELECT FirstName, LastName, Phone, Department

FROM EMPLOYEE

ORDER BY Department ASC;

Sorting in ascending order

What syntax is this:

SELECT FirstName, LastName, Phone, Department

FROM EMPLOYEE

ORDER BY Department DESC;

Sorting in descending order

The difference between COUNT and SUM is that COUNT:

Counts the number of rows in the result.

The difference between COUNT and SUM is that SUM:

Totals the set of values of a numeric column.

What syntax is this:

SELECT Department, Count (*) AS NumberOfEmployees

FROM EMPLOYEE

GROUP BY Department;

Grouping

What syntax is this:

SELECT FirstName, LastName

FROM EMPLOYEE

WHERE EmployeeNumber IN (8, 10);

Subqueries

What syntax is this:

SELECT FirstName, LastName, HoursWorked

FROM EMPLOYEE, ASSIGNMENT

WHERE EMPLOYEE.EmployeeNumber = ASSIGNMENT.EmployeeNumber;

Join

What syntax is this:

UPDATE EMPLOYEE

SET Department = 'Finance', Phone = '373-103-8592'

WHERE EmployeeNumber = 5;

UPDATE...SET command

What SQL syntax is this:

DELETE

FROM EMPLOYEE

WHERE EmployeeNumber = 1

DELETE command

What SQL syntax is this:

DROP TABLE ASSIGNMENT;

DROP command

What SQL syntax is this:

ALTER TABLE ASSIGNMENT DROP CONSTRAINT ASSIGN_EMP_FK;

ALTER command

What SQL syntax is this:

TRUNCATE TABLE PROJECT;

TRUNCATE command

What SQL syntax is this:

ALTER TABLE PROJECT

ADD CONSTRAINT PROJECT_Check_Dates

CHECK (StartDate < EndDate);

CHECK command

Requirements analysis, component design, and implementation are stages of:

Database development process

What stage refers to system users being interviewed and sample forms, reports, queries, and descriptions of update activities being obtained?

Requirements analysis stage

What stage refers to the data model being transformed into a database design with tables, relationships, and constraints?

Component design stage

What stage refers to the database constructed in the DBMS and populated with data; queries, forms, and reports are created; application programs are written; and all these are tested?

Implementation stage

The acronym SDLC stands for:

Systems Development Life Cycle

The _______ is connected to the database development process that users use the entire information system or application, not the database by itself.

Systems Development Life Cycle

An element of the ER model that is something users want to track is:

Entity

An element of the ER model that describes the entity characteristics is:

Attribute

An element of the ER model, which are attributes that name or identify entity instances is:

Identifier