chapter 5

Which of the following refers to the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms from one individual to another?

a) infection control

b) sterilization

c) sanitization

d) Standard Precautions

a) infection control

Which of the following is TRUE of direct and indirect transmission of disease?

A) Direct transmission does not require contact with another person, whereas indirect transmission does

B) Direct transmission requires contact with another person, whereas indirect transmission does not.

C) Both direct and indirect transmission require contact with another person.

D) Neither direct nor indirect transmission require contact with another person.

b) Direct transmission requires contact with another person, whereas indirect transmission does not.

What should you NEVER do with a tool or implement?

a) Send it out for sharpening or maintenance.

b) Charge it.

c) Put it in your pocket.

d) Disinfect it.

c) Put it in your pocket.

For months, Xavier has been accumulating a collection of used sharp implements that he has tossed inside a drawer at his workstation. Recently, he has come to you, as his coworker, asking your opinion on what he should do with these, adding that many of them have small amounts of blood on them. When you look at the collection, you can see that virtually all of the pieces are no longer usable. Which of the following is the BEST advice to give Xavier?

a) Sanitize the collection.

b) Sterilize the collection.

c) Throw away the collection in the garbage can.

d) Dispose of the collection in a sharps container.

d) Dispose of the collection in a sharps container.

Considered an expert in this field, Wilma has worked for the last 22 years at the federal agency that registers all types of disinfectants sold by manufacturers and used by salons, spas, and barbershops nationwide. For which of the following federal agencies does Wilma work?

a) the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

b) the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

c) the U.S. Department of Defense

d) the U.S. Department of Labor

b) the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

The difference between respiratory droplets and airborne transmission is \______.

a) respiratory droplets do not stay in the air as long

b) airborne transmission involves wetter particles, which are therefore less likely to be transmitted

c) respiratory droplets are smaller particles and therefore more likely to be transmitted

d) only airborne transmission is guaranteed to make individuals ill

a) respiratory droplets do not stay in the air as long

When doctors have determined the nature of a disease, they have \______.

a) contained it

b) contaminated it

c) decontaminated it

d) diagnosed it

d) diagnosed it

What should you do if a tool or implement is dropped on the floor during a service?

a) Immediately throw it in the garbage.

b) If the client does not see it, quickly pick it up and continue.

c) Immediately stop the service and ask your client to come back the next day.

d) Either replace or disinfect it prior to continuing the service.

d) Either replace or disinfect it prior to continuing the service.

Abigail has been instructed by her manager to use the PPEs he has purchased and stored in the backroom whenever possible and appropriate. As a new beauty pro, Abigail is not sure what a PPE is. When she walks into the backroom, which of the following should she have in order to show her manager she is following his instructions?

a) a sharps container

b) a bottle of disinfectant

c) a pair of nonlatex gloves

d) hand sanitizer

c) a pair of nonlatex gloves

Which of the following is NOT required of disinfectants used in salons, spas, and barbershops?

a) They must be hypoallergenic.

b) They must be bactericidal.

c) They must be fungicidal.

d) They must be virucidal.

a) They must be hypoallergenic.

Which of the following is TRUE when children accompany a parent to the salon, spa, or barbershop?

a) The children should be asked to wait in the car while their parent's service is performed.

b) The children should be allowed to play freely on the station beside their parent's station.

c) The children should not be allowed inside of the waiting or service areas.

d) The children should not be left unattended at any time.

d) The children should not be left unattended at any time.

Chloe spent the better part of an hour cleaning her tools and implements before her shift started. She was, therefore, upset when her instructor, Janine, told her she'd have to do it all again because she had not followed one of the three acceptable methods. In which of the following ways was Chloe MOST LIKELY cleaning her tools and implements?

a) Chloe was thoroughly wiping them down with sanitary wipes.

b) Chloe was washing them with soap and water and then scrubbing them with a disinfected nailbrush.

c) Chloe was using a chemical cleaner.

d) Chloe was using an ultrasonic unit.

a) Chloe was thoroughly wiping them down with sanitary wipes.

Which of the following will NOT necessarily be on the label of an EPA-registered disinfectant?

a) efficacy claims

b) a registration number

c) the word concentrate

d) a contact time

c) the word concentrate

Indirect transmission of a disease \______.

a) happens through contact with an intermediate object

b) occurs by shaking hands with another person

c) cannot make an individual sick

d) occurs by kissing another person

a) happens through contact with an intermediate object

Which of the following is TRUE of a disease that spreads from one person to another?

a) It is nonpathogenic.

b) It is deadly.

c) It is systemic.

d) It is communicable.

d) It is communicable.

Soaps and other products that do not have the word disinfectant on the label are \______.

a) sterilizers

b) toxic

c) merely cleaners

d) useless

c) merely cleaners

Gustavo uses the highest level of infection control on his tools and implements. Which of the following should Gustavo do?

a) Gustavo should disinfect his tools.

b) Gustavo should sterilize his tools.

c) Gustavo should clean his tools.

d) Gustavo should sanitize his tools.

b) Gustavo should sterilize his tools.

Which of the following is NOT true of biofilms?

a) They are highly susceptible to the body's defense mechanisms.

b) They are one of the most significant scientific discoveries of the past few decades.

c) They are made up of different kinds of microbes.

d) They must grow very large to be seen without a microscope.

a) They are highly susceptible to the body's defense mechanisms.

HIV is spread through which of the following means?

a) from person to person through the blood

b) HIV is not contagious

c) indirectly through the touching of objects

d) from person to person through the air

a) from person to person through the blood

A \______ is capable of igniting and burning.

a) carcinogen

b) combustible

c) chemical

d) mutagen

b) combustible

Jasmine's manager has pointed out that there might be mold forming in one of the bathrooms. He has requested that Jasmine mix a solution that will destroy the mold. Which of the following will be MOST effective in doing so?

a) a virucidal

b) a fungicidal

c) a bactericidal

d) a sporicidal

b) a fungicidal

Jason has decided to take the most drastic and sweeping measure to rid his tools of all microbial life. Which of the following steps must Jason take to effectively do this?

a) Jason must clean his tools.

b) Jason must sterilize his tools.

c) Jason must disinfect his tools.

d) Jason must sanitize his tools.

b) Jason must sterilize his tools.

There can be no bacterial infection without the presence of what?

a) inflammation

b) pathogenic bacteria

c) nonpathogenic bacteria

d) pus

b) pathogenic bacteria

Pathogenic bacteria \______.

a) keep the body healthy

b) positively stimulate the immune system

c) help the body break down food

d) cause disease or infection

d) cause disease or infection

Richard saw 16 clients on a busy Friday. Every single client appeared to be in perfect health, showing no signs of any disease. Although Richard is always careful, he is much more so when clients obviously appear to be sick. On Monday, Richard came down with a bad cold. If it is TRUE that he caught this cold from one of the clients he saw on Friday, what else must also be true?

a) Richard was already getting sick on Friday.

b) The client from whom Richard acquired his cold was not contagious.

c) The client from whom Richard acquired his cold was asymptomatic.

d) Richard never washed his hands on Friday.

c) The client from whom Richard acquired his cold was asymptomatic.

When handling disinfectants, NEVER \______.

a) mix them together, even with manufacturer's recommendations

b) use them on nonporous surfaces

c) place them in unmarked containers

d) add them to water to dilute them

c) place them in unmarked containers

Which of the following would the EPA most likely be involved in regulating?

a) the safe mixing of chemical products used in the workplace

b) the safe use of chemical products used in the workplace

c) the safe storing of chemical products used in the workplace

d) the safe manufacture of chemical products used in the workplace

d) the safe manufacture of chemical products used in the workplace

There are \______ of different kinds of bacteria, which fall into \______ primary type(s).

a) dozens; four

b) hundreds; three

c) thousands; two

d) millions; one

c) thousands; two

Ursula, a beauty professional, has been showing signs and symptoms of a systemic infection. After seeing her doctor, she is now certain that indeed she does have one. What must Ursula's condition include if she is, in fact, suffering from a systemic infection?

a) symptoms spread throughout her body

b) a pimple or abscess

c) localized pus

d) a lesion with inflammation

a) symptoms spread throughout her body

OSHA defines PPEs as \______.

a) guidelines that require the employee to assume that any human blood is potentially infectious

b) specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against a hazard

c) items that should be cleaned and disinfected using any of the EPA-registered disinfectants

d) precautions that include proper hand washing and wearing of gloves around certain chemicals

b) specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against a hazard

Because Neil, a manager, posts disinfectant tips and safety posters and makes sure all of his employees are familiar with all of the important disinfectant tips, he knows that he will NEVER see one of them \______.

a) keeping an item submerged in a disinfectant for more than two minutes

b) placing a disinfectant into an unmarked container

c) adding disinfectant to water when diluting it

d) wearing gloves when using disinfectants

b) placing a disinfectant into an unmarked container

The first step in infection control is \______.

a) cleaning

b) sterilization

c) elimination

d) disinfecting

a) cleaning

Often, clients who are just getting sick can be contagious without showing any signs of infection. These clients are considered \______.

a) asymptomatic

b) sanitized

c) precautious

d) antiseptic

a) asymptomatic

The presence of pus is a sign of \______.

a) bacterial infection

b) inflammation

c) nonpathogenic organisms

d) contagious disease

a) bacterial infection

Brenda works long hours, and because she comes into close contact with so many clients, she is careful to keep her hands clean throughout the day. As her schedule is always quite full, this often means using hand sanitizer instead of soap and water. Which of the following is an issue Brenda is MOST LIKELY to face as a result of this?

a) hands that are dry to the point of cracking

b) sore, red, and watery eyes

c) lapses in short- and long-term memory and recognition

d) shortness of breath

a) hands that are dry to the point of cracking

Which of the following is more likely to be governed by federal regulatory agencies rather than state regulatory agencies?

a) licensing for working on the job

b) conduct on the job

c) sale of chemicals used on the job

d) enforcement of job safety

c) sale of chemicals used on the job

Fire extinguishers \______.

a) must be replaced annually

b) should not be stored near other chemicals

c) must by law be checked regularly

d) can be stored anywhere as long as they are out of the way

c) must by law be checked regularly

When looking at two disinfectants, Jeremy noticed that one had a much higher efficacy than the other. Because of this information on the labels, Jeremy knows that the disinfectant with the higher efficacy claim will \______.

a) be less likely to need diluting

b) kill many more organisms

c) cause more allergic reactions

d) smell much stronger

b) kill many more organisms

Which of the following is TRUE of how a beauty professional's appearance, clothing, and other attire should look?

a) Clothing should be loose and baggy.

b) Necklaces and other jewelry can be long and dangly.

c) Watches should be waterproof and shock absorbent.

d) Long hair can be worn loose and free.

c) Watches should be waterproof and shock absorbent.

Henry has been sick with the flu for more than a week. Although he was certain he was careful during the first half of flu season, he knows he most likely acquired the flu through direct transmission. If this is true, in which of the following ways could Henry have caught the flu?

a) by touching the end of a tool after it touched an infected client

b) by not washing his hands properly in the restroom

c) by touching a doorknob immediately after an infected client

d) by shaking a client's hand

d) by shaking a client's hand

The CDC publishes \______, guidelines that employees and employers agree to with the assumption that any human blood or body fluids are potentially infectious.

a) antiseptics

b) exposure incidents

c) Standard Precautions

d) sanitizers

c) Standard Precautions

Charles prides himself on taking extra precautions not to get sick while at work. This past week, there was a disease passing through his workplace. Charles, being overly cautious, made sure he wore gloves all week. He never once touched a surface or another person without the gloves on. He also never put his hands to his mouth, eyes, or nose while wearing the gloves. And, just to be extra careful, Charles immediately washed his hands after he took the gloves off. Even with all of these precautions, Charles still came down with the disease. How is it possible that Charles got sick?

a) The disease was acquired through direct transmission.

b) The disease was not transmitted.

c) The disease was airborne.

d) The disease was not infectious.

c) The disease was airborne.

Daniel is talking with his coworker Horatio about his busy morning. He tells Horatio it was especially hectic because three of his appointments were with high-risk clients, for which extra care must be taken. Which of the following, if true, would mean that Daniel is INCORRECT in his belief that his clients were high risk?

a) They all had children with them.

b) They were all pregnant.

c) They were all diabetic.

d) They were all on immune-suppressing medications.

a) They all had children with them.

Bleach used in the salon, spa, or barbershop must be EPA registered as a \______.

a) carcinogen

b) pathogen

c) disinfectant

d) sterilizer

c) disinfectant

Which of the following is TRUE of phenolic disinfectants?

a) They can be safely applied to the skin.

b) They are known carcinogens.

c) The safest way to dispose of them is down the drain.

d) They have a low pH.

b) They are known carcinogens.

How often should one change gloves?

a) after every single use

b) after every other use

c) every single day

d) in between each client

a) after every single use

Beauty professionals are permitted and encouraged to \______.

a) treat abnormal conditions

b) treat infections

c) refer customers with infections and abnormal conditions to physicians

d) recommend treatments for infections and abnormal conditions

c) refer customers with infections and abnormal conditions to physicians

Nancy just got off the phone with her manager. She told him she would be unable to come in to work for the next three days because her doctor told her she could easily pass her disease on to her coworkers and clients. Nancy's disease is \______.

a) contagious

b) noncommunicable

c) toxic

d) occupational

a) contagious

Which of the following is NOT true of exits in salons, spas, and barbershops?

a) They should be well marked.

b) They should be identifiable.

c) They should be randomly located at the owner's discretion.

d) They should be known to all employees.

c) They should be randomly located at the owner's discretion.

Ursula is suffering symptoms of nausea, diarrhea, and fever. Although many of her coworkers have been sick over the past month, she is certain this is something different. Her coworkers were all diagnosed with the same virus. Ursula, however, is sure that her symptoms are not the result of a virus at all. Which of the following would prove Ursula is correct?

a) Ursula has the flu.

b) Ursula's disease is contagious.

c) Ursula has a bacterial infection.

d) Ursula has a common cold.

c) Ursula has a bacterial infection.

Which of the following would OSHA most likely be involved in regulating?

a) the registration of chemical products used in the workplace

b) the disposal of chemical products in the workplace

c) the sale of chemical products used in the workplace

d) the manufacture of chemical products used in the workplace

b) the disposal of chemical products in the workplace

Yasmine worries a lot about getting sick because she deals with so many clients on a day-to-day basis. She knows, however, that even though she cannot prevent \______, she can strive to prevent \______ disease while she's at work.

a) infection; the source of

b) bacteria; infection from

c) exposure; transmission of

d) transmission; exposure to

c) exposure; transmission of

It is Sunday, and Javier has been working since early this morning. Although his establishment is officially closed for business today, he devotes every Sunday to infection control. He spends the morning on the first step and the afternoon on the second step. It is now 3:00 p.m. What is Javier doing?

a) sanitizing

b) cleaning

c) disinfecting

d) labeling

c) disinfecting

Which of the following is NOT true of ventilation and air circulation systems inside of salons, spas, and barbershops?

a) The vents for these systems can be located anywhere.

b) Their vents should be vacuumed and cleaned regularly.

c) The dust from them is capable of causing allergic reactions.

d) The filters within these systems should be changed regularly.

a) The vents for these systems can be located anywhere.

Omar has asked his client to please sit and wait while he tends to one of his tools. He didn't want to alarm the client, but he noticed that there was a small amount of blood on the tool from a cut on his finger. Which of the following is TRUE of Omar's implement?

a) It is diagnosed.

b) It is contaminated.

c) It is contagious.

d) It is parasitic.

b) It is contaminated.

Jenna and Teresa are beauty professionals at a local establishment. They are discussing how clean their implements are. Their boss, Harvey, has taught them about proper infection control. Jenna feels strongly that the implements have been sterilized. Teresa, however, insists that they have only been cleaned. Which of the following would prove Teresa is RIGHT?

a) There use of an autoclave in the infection control process.

b) The implements went through many stages of cleaning and infection control.

c) The implements are completely free of any visible dust, dirt, or debris.

d) The use of a disinfectant in the infection control process.

a) There use of an autoclave in the infection control process.

How long does it usually take for quat solutions to disinfect implements?

a) 10 seconds

b) 10 hours

c) 1 hour

d) 10 minutes

d) 10 minutes

What is a microorganism?

a) any living organism

b) any organism of microscopic size

c) any plant-based organism

d) any infectious organism

b) any organism of microscopic size

Which of the following is TRUE of diseases spread by direct transmission and indirect transmission?

a) Diseases spread by indirect transmission can live for long periods of time away from a host, whereas those spread by direct transmission cannot.

b) Both diseases spread by direct and indirect transmission can live for long periods of time away from a host.

c) Diseases spread by direct transmission can live for long periods of time away from a host, whereas those spread by indirect transmission cannot.

d) Neither diseases spread by direct nor indirect transmission can live for long periods of time away from a host.

a) Diseases spread by indirect transmission can live for long periods of time away from a host, whereas those spread by direct transmission cannot.

When assisting a client into or out of a hydraulic chair, \______.

a) never change the height of the chair from where it will be or was during the treatment

b) always lower the chair to its lowest level

c) always raise the chair to its highest level

d) never turn the chair away from facing the station

b) always lower the chair to its lowest level

When working on the job, your cellphone should be \______.

a) worn on your waist or stored in your pocket

b) checked only between clients

c) left at home

d) kept close by at all times in case another client calls

b) checked only between clients

Before applying warm or hot water to a client's hair or skin, always test the water temperature on \______.

a) the inside of your wrist

b) your own hair or scalp

c) the outside of your elbow

d) your hand

a) the inside of your wrist

Which of the following is TRUE of chlorine bleach?

a) It is safe to use with all plastics.

b) It is not corrosive.

c) It cannot be safely used in salons, spas, or barber shops.

d) It is an effective disinfectant.

d) It is an effective disinfectant.

Franca has recently committed a major offense against her license. If she does, in fact, have her license revoked, who among the following is MOST LIKELY to revoke it?

a) the U.S. Department of Labor

b) the state agency

c) OSHA

d) the EPA

b) the state agency

Joanna, a business owner, is concerned with fire safety at her establishment. Because of this, she has purchased a state-of-the-art fire detection system along with six fire extinguishers, which she has carefully and discreetly stored out of the way inside cupboards. Additionally, she makes sure that her fire extinguishers are checked annually and that all of her employees are well trained in their use. Where, if anywhere, has Joanna gone wrong?

a) Joanna need not have her fire extinguishers checked annually.

b) Joanna should not be storing fire extinguishers in cupboards out of sight.

c) Joanna has not done anything wrong.

d) Joanna need not train her employees in fire extinguisher use.

b) Joanna should not be storing fire extinguishers in cupboards out of sight.

A(n) \______ is contact with nonintact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid, or other infectious materials as a result of the performance of a worker's duties.

a) PPE

b) efficacy

c) standard precaution

d) exposure incident

d) exposure incident

If you get sick as a result to overexposure to chemicals at the workplace, you have contracted a(n) \______.

a) occupational disease

b) diagnosed disease

c) parasitic disease

d) pathogenic disease

a) occupational disease

Harold's business requires a strict adherence to proper infection control. He knows that achieving effective infection control is a two-step process. Which of the following two steps is Harold likely to use for the majority of his business?

a) sanitizing and sterilizing

b) disinfecting and sanitizing

c) cleaning and disinfecting

d) cleaning and sanitizing

c) cleaning and disinfecting

Tony has been working hard to reduce not only his risk of infection and disease but also the risk for all of his coworkers. Which of the following would be the LEAST effective measure for Tony to take?

a) consistent practice of only brief hand shaking with clients

b) thorough and regular hand washing

c) regular cleaning and disinfecting of tools and equipment

d) strict adherence to a policy of turning away sick clients

a) consistent practice of only brief hand shaking with clients

Which of the following is NOT one of the cautionary tips to consider when handling disinfectants?

a) Use tongs to remove implements from disinfectants.

b) Use disinfectants directly on dirty, soft, porous surfaces.

c) Avoid skin and eye contact.

d) Wear gloves and safety glasses.

b) Use disinfectants directly on dirty, soft, porous surfaces.

If there is no time specified or recommended by the manufacturer of the disinfectant, for how long must a tool be left fully submersed in the disinfectant?

a) 10 minutes

b) 1 hour

c) 10 seconds

d) 10 hours

a) 10 minutes

Which of the following BEST defines transmission?

a) the process by which individuals are cured of sickness

b) the process by which pathogens move between individuals

c) the process by which diseases become infectious

d) the process by which the spread of infections is controlled or suppressed

b) the process by which pathogens move between individuals

Prevention of the spread of infections begins and ends with \______.

a) infectious materials

b) you

c) clients

d) doctors

b) you

Which of the following is a type of fungi?

a) mycobacterium

b) pus

c) mildew

d) staphylococci

c) mildew

Alana has always had disinfectant safety tips posted in the back room of their business in clear view of all employees. The poster has two columns: an ALWAYS column and a NEVER column. Alana believes that each beauty pro knows full well what to always do and what to never do when it comes to handling and working with disinfectants. One of Alana's best professionals, however, has pointed out that a statement in one of the columns should actually be in the other column. If this beauty pro is correct, which of the following is the mistake that Alana made on the poster?

a) Never add disinfectant to water when diluting.

b) Always wear gloves and safety glasses.

c) Never place any disinfectant in an unmarked container.

d) Always keep the SDS on hand for the disinfectants you use.

a) Never add disinfectant to water when diluting.

When it comes to the spread of infectious disease, beauty professionals must be prepared to deal with all EXCEPT which type of potentially harmful organisms?

a) parasites

b) gases

c) bacteria

d) viruses

b) gases

Which of the following is NOT true of disinfectants?

a) They are pesticides.

b) They must carry an EPA registration number in order to be used in the shop.

c) They can be harmful if absorbed through the skin.

d) They destroy all bacteria.

d) They destroy all bacteria.

Olga just noticed that the electrical cord on her electrical device is worn and even cracking. Because she is a responsible beauty professional, Olga immediately \______.

a) cleans the device with a nylon brush

b) replaces the device

c) applies electrical tape to the worn area

d) disinfects the device's handle and cord

b) replaces the device

Which of the following is mainly used to remove visible dirt?

a) sterilization

b) cleaning

c) disinfection

d) sanitization

b) cleaning

Which of the following is NOT true of staphylococci?

a) Most strains make us very ill.

b) They are routinely found in our environment.

c) They can be picked up on doorknobs or through skin-to-skin contact.

d) They are among the most common forms of bacteria.

a) Most strains make us very ill.

Which of the following is TRUE of non pathogenic and pathogenic bacteria?

a) Pathogenic bacteria are harmful to humans, whereas nonpathogenic bacteria are not.

b) Nonpathogenic bacteria are harmful to humans, whereas pathogenic bacteria are not.

c) Both pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria are harmful to humans.

d) Neither pathogenic or nonpathogenic bacteria are harmful to humans.

a) Pathogenic bacteria are harmful to humans, whereas nonpathogenic bacteria are not.

With proper precautions in place, it is safe to perform a skin service on a client who comes in with a(n) \______.

a) rash

b) open wound

c) abrasion

d) cold

d) cold

When an individual's immune system prevents transmission, it \______.

a) prevents the spread of disease

b) prevents illness

c) causes illness

d) spreads disease

b) prevents illness

Rafael is midway through a service when he notices that his client Jasmine has a small, fresh cut. After stopping the service, what is the very next thing Rafael should do?

a) Recommend that Jasmine see a physician.

b) Pat the injured area dry with a clean paper towel.

c) Inform Jasmine of what has happened.

d) Properly clean his tools.

c) Inform Jasmine of what has happened.

Which of the following is TRUE of pathogens?

a) They all reside in the same places but infect humans in different ways.

b) They all reside in the same places and infect humans in exactly the same way.

c) They reside in different places, but all infect humans in exactly the same way.

d) They all reside in different places and affect humans in different ways.

d) They all reside in different places and affect humans in different ways.

Which of the following should be performed after removing one pair of gloves and before putting on a new pair?

a) change the mask

b) nothing

c) wash hands

d) change clothes

c) wash hands

Colleen has been a devoted beauty professional for more than 15 years. In that time, she has been employed at the same establishment. Over time, Colleen has developed a serious skin condition as a result of repeated exposure to the chemicals used on the job. Colleen's skin condition is a(n) \______ disease.

a) occupational

b) pathogenic

c) parasitic

d) communicable

a) occupational

Inflammation is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT \______.

a) redness

b) pain

c) heat

d) pus

d) pus

Most bacteria are \______.

a) pathogenic

b) deadly

c) nonpathogenic

d) contagious

c) nonpathogenic

Samantha is using a strong disinfectant on all of the surfaces around her workstation. Which of the following is the only justifiable reason Samantha did not mix a dilute into the product before she began to use it?

a) Samantha was short of time.

b) The disinfectant concentrate has a 10-minute contact time.

c) Samantha prefers not to dilute disinfectant concentrates.

d) The label on the disinfectant does not have the word "concentrate" on it.

d) The label on the disinfectant does not have the word "concentrate" on it.

The second step of infection control is \______.

a) disinfecting

b) cleaning

c) elimination

d) sterilization

a) disinfecting

When a surface is properly cleaned, the number of contaminants on the surface is \______.

a) unchanged

b) zero

c) greatly reduced

d) slightly reduced

c) greatly reduced

Walter is your coworker, and is a bit confused as to what type and level of infection control he must employ in cleaning tools, as he has been asked to do by your manager, Carlos. Walter tells you, "I have no idea what to do. Carlos told me to clean these tools and then make sure I use the highest level of infection control so that I completely destroy EVERYTHING." As Walter's coworker, what level of infection control should you recommend that he use, and why?

a) Walter should sterilize the tools, because that will destroy all microbial life.

b) Walter should disinfect the tools, because that will destroy all harmful organisms.

c) Walter should sanitize the tools, because that will greatly reduce the number of disease-causing germs.

d) Walter should clean the tools with soap and water, because that will remove all visible dirt.

a) Walter should sterilize the tools, because that will destroy all microbial life.

Tuberculosis is transmitted through which of the following means?

a) inhalation

b) direct transmission into the bloodstream

c) close contact with an infected person

d) touching an infected object

a) inhalation

What are disease-causing microorganisms that are carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV, called?

a) bloodborne pathogens

b) bloodborne viruses

c) mycobacteria

d) systemic infections

a) bloodborne pathogens

When does a client's impression of a salon, spa, or barbershop begin?

a) the moment they see the results of their treatment

b) the moment they open the door

c) the moment they meet their beauty pro

d) the moment they meet the management team

b) the moment they open the door

Which of the following is TRUE of the process of disinfection?

a) It eliminates most microorganisms.

b) It eliminates a small number of microorganisms.

c) It eliminates all microorganisms.

d) It eliminates no microorganisms.

a) It eliminates most microorganisms.

Angie has just noticed that the nippers she will need to use on her client have a small amount of blood on them. What will Angie need to do to be able to use the nippers again?

a) She must decontaminate them.

b) She will NOT be able to use them again.

c) She must disinfect them.

d) She must clean them.

a) She must decontaminate them.

There are two types of parasites commonly encountered in the salon, spa, and barbershop. Which of the following is one of them?

a) mycobacteria

b) pediculosis capitis

c) pus

d) HIV

b) pediculosis capitis

It is the end of the workday, and Juanita is about to begin disinfecting all of the implements she has used throughout the day. Just before she submerges the implements in a disinfectant, however, her boss, Julia, runs over to stop her. "Juanita," Julia says, "you cannot disinfect those implements." Assuming Julia is RIGHT, which of the following would explain her outburst?

a) Juanita's implements are fairly new, so they need no disinfecting.

b) Juanita is not licensed to disinfect her implements.

c) Juanita had not cleaned any of the implements she was about to disinfect.

d) Juanita's implements have been used on several clients during the day who were suffering from colds.

c) Juanita had not cleaned any of the implements she was about to disinfect.