ANSC FINAL

Ovine refers to which animal

Sheep

Bovine refers to which animal

Cattle

Equine refers to which animal

Horses

Swine refers to which animal

Pig

Group of cattle

Herd

Group of swine

herd

Group of sheep

flock

Group of horses

band

Genus species of cattle, swine, horses, sheep

Bos taurus & Bos indicus, Sus scrofa, Ovis aries, Equus caballus

Act of Parturition for cattle, sheep, swine, horses

Calving, lambing, farrowing, foaling

Gerneral term of young for cattle, sheep, swine, foaling

Calf, lamb, pig, foal

Young male of cattle, sheep, swine, horses

Bull, boar, ram lamb, colt

Young female for cattle, sheep, swine, horses

Heifer, ewe lamb, gilt, filly

Mature male for cattle, sheep, swine, horses

Bull, boar, ram, stallion

Mature female for cattle, sheep, swine, horses

Cow, ewe, sow, mare

Castrated males for cattle, sheep, swine, horses

Steer, wether, barrow, gelding

Castrated male that has reached sexual maturity prior to castration

Stag

In the southeastern US, which animal industry has the greatest production?

Poultry (broilers)

Birth weight for cattle

60-100

Birth weight for swine

2.7-3.3

Birth weight for sheep

Single: 10-12, twin: 7-9

Birth weight for horses

100-120

Ween age for cattle, swine, sheep

205 days, 21-day little weight, 90 days

Wean weight for cattle, swine, sheep, horses

450-550lb, 3 wk- 12-15 & 4 wk- 15-20, 70-90lb, 400-600lb

Market weight for cattle, swine, sheep

1000-1350lb, 250-290lb, 90-120lb

Belief that animals may suffer pain/death for entertainment purposes like dog and cock fights?

Animal exploitation

Belief that animal use is ok if it will benefit mankind

Animal use

Pro-active in assuring animal care and use is optimal

animal welfare

vegetarians, free the animals at any costs

Animal liberation

When this area is penetrated, it causes the animal to move forward. Retreating outside of this area will cause the animal to stop moving.

flight zone

This vitamin required in human nutrition and cannot be obtained in adequate quantities from plants

B12

Used to collect semen from bull or stallion

Artificial vagina

Over the last few decades, the number of hog farms has \________ while the amount of pork production has \_______

Decreased, increased

A newborns inherent ability to suckle would be an example of

Instinct

Shrink is the result of \________ behavior and generally occurs during the first hour of \_________ when animals are stressed or excited

Eliminative, movement

When two different species are crossed, their offspring are usually

Infertile

What producers of the livestock industry raise breeding stock as registered bulls, cows, and replacement heifers or might sell semen to cow-calf operations

Purebred, seedstock

What percent of disposable income is spent on food in US

10%

The most predominant type of sine operation in US

Farrow-to-finish

When producer primarily raises animal for slaughter or milk

Commercial

Modern lan grants have a 3 fold mission:

Teaching, research, extension

the institute of animal care and use committee oversees animal research is composed of

Veterinarian, scientist, member of community

In 1966, congress passed what piece of federal legislation to mandate the minimum welfare standards for research animals

Animal welfare act

What is non negotiable in production of animals

Animal health

retention of one or both testicles

cryptorchidism

Willfully striking or harming an animal

abuse

What percent of the US population is active in agriculture

1%

Most effective way a dam recognizes offspring

Smell

Which species has the lowest dressing percentage

sheep

Failing to provide an animal with vital requirements such as food and shelter is

Neglect

A prejudice or bias of humans towards the interests of other humans is called \_________________.

speciesism

An excessive number of males in a \____________ heard can help offset poor breeders

Multiple sire

The size or production farms in US has \________ while the total number of farms has \_________

Increased, decreased

Defined as a fertilized egg

Zygote

First step of protein synthesis

transcription

When a gene interacts with genes in non-homologous chromosomes

Epistatic

what traits are a simple inheritance and often only 1-4 pairs of genes control one trait

Qualitative

What traits are lowly heritable

Reproductive

Environment is the \_______________ in your genetics importance

Smoke screen

What groups are the same birth season or management

Contemporary

What increases the number of pairs of genes that are heterozygous

Outbreeding

A term that involves crossbreeding

Rational cross

WHat cannot be compared across breeds

EPDs

What breed has the greatest concentration of sperm in their ejaculate

Rams

Carcass traits are examples of

Highly heritable traits

Refers to proportion of individuals from a herd that will be selected for the next generation

Selection intensity

Aside from ethical concerns, cloning is not likely to gain widespread utilization because

Low efficiency of pregnancy, increased birth weight of clones, costly

Which test requires time, large numbers of animals, and is most valuable for sex-limited traits

Progeny test

What represents the state bull test where males are fed the same ration in a common environment

Performance test

What results in the greatest homozygosity?

Inbreeding

When a gene reacts with its corresponding gene in a homologous chromosome

Allelic

When the heterozygous animal is superior to either of the homozygous conditions

Overdominance

Crossbreeding term when all offspring sold, none kept for breeding

Terminal cross

With embryo transfer, you need a donor animal and a \_____ animal

Recipient

Replacement Heifers should be at least \__________ of their mature weight at time of breeding

65%

Most costly disease in dairy cattle.

mastitis

during a single milking, milk fat content of the milk is greater when

At the end

Hormone responsible for milk "hold up"

Epinephrine

What contains a high level of antibodies and is the first milk secreted immediately following parturition

Colostrum

Cows udder consists of

4 glands, 4 teats

Which dairy cattle has highest butterfat percentage in milk

Jersey

This lactation term is associated with structural development or growth of the mammary gland

Mamogenesis

This antimicrobial factor in milk bonds iron which is required for bacterial cell growth

Lactoferrin

This hormone stimulates muscle development and has an inhibitory influence on fat deposition

testosterone

Another term for intramuscular fat

marbling

Hat serves as a protective factor in milk by hydrolyzing bacterial cell walls

Lysozyme

Which breed will ovulate 24 hours before the end of estrus

Mare

What stored properly can last indefinitely

Frozen semen

Hormone responsible for milk letdown

oxytocin

\________ have more muscle than barrows at market weight

Gilts

What separates the udder into left and right

Medial sensory ligament

A mares udder consisted of

4 glands, 2 teats

What is the largest component of the ruminant stomach where fermentation occurs

Rumen

Which species are we least likely to use artificial insemination on

Sheep

The inner lining of this compartment is honeycomb in appearance

Reticulum

Provides source of passive immunity to newborn offspring

Colostrum

What is a trace or micromineral

Copper

What can determine whether or not an animal reaches its genetic potential for milk production

Feed and management

Standard for reporting milk production in dairy cows

305 days

Carcasses with spool joints

Mutton