Small animal nursing final exam

Which of the following medications is commonly used as a PVP for feline patients?

Gabapentin

Which of the following statements is most correct regarding the use of muzzles?

A basket muzzle is the best choice for an aggressive patient in respiratory distress.

Paradoxical excitation is a side effect of which of the following medications?

Trazodone

You are asked to restrain a feline patient for venipuncture of the right medial saphenous vein.Which recumbency/position would be the best choice for this procedure?

Right lateral recumbency

You are asked to restrain a canine patient for an abdominal ultrasound. Which recumbency/position would be the best choice for this procedure?

Dorsal recumbency

Which of the folding alternative pharmaceutical remedies is made from green tea?

L-theanine

Which of the following statements is true regarding feline pheromones?

Feliway is synthetic F3 pheromone and has an appeasing effect on cats and kittens.

Which answer best completes the following statement? When restraining a patient in left or right lateral recumbency, the restrainer should place their hands ______ in proximity to the patient's hock and carpus.

proximal

What is a physiological complication of physical restraint?

death

Crowding is a restraint technique used for the restraint of.

large dogs

When using trazodone for veterinary visit anxiety, the drug should be administered to the patient

2 hours prior to the veterinary visit ; In a trail run previously to the visit to observe the drug's effects on the patient

Most of the aggression observed in canine and feline patients in the veterinary hospital is a result of which of the following?

fear

Dorsal Recumbency can be used for

Cystocentesis

Sternal Recumbency can be used for

Placing an intravenous catheter in the cephalic vein

Right/Left Lateral Recumbency can be used for

Venipuncture of the medial saphenous vein

Standing can be used for

Rectal temperature

Sitting can be used for

Nail trim of the front feet

A patients _____ and _____ are contacting the surface if they are in sternal recumbency.

chest and abdomen

Alternative pharmaceuticals work well for patients with ____ levels of fear, stress, and/or anxiety

mild

Acepromazine should be used with caution with patients that have a history of

seizure

A patients body language will change as a response of the ____ nervous system.

sympathetic

What are the “rules of twos”?

no more than two hands, no more than 2 secs, and no more than two people

Normal feline BCS

5/9

Normal Canine BCS

4/9 or 5/9

lameness

obtunded

Dull

stupor

Restraint

humane and safe use of manual or mechanical means to limit some or all an animal’s normal voluntary movement.

Handling

the theory of humans working with animals, responding and interacting within the animal’s surroundings

Trazodone

Drug class: Anti depressant

Uses: Anxiolytic, sedation

Side effects: sleepiness, paradoxical excitation, mild GI effects, 3rd eyelid protrusion.

Give at least 2 hours prior to visit, may consider a loading dose the night prior.

Caution with other drugs that increase or effect the serotonin levels (SSRIs i.e. fluoxetine)

Use early and often for FAS For tough cookies: combine with Acepromazine

Gabapentin

Uses: Neuropathic pain, analgesia, calming/sedation at high doses, decreased anxiety

Side effect: may intensify sedation from other drugs.

Consider loading dose the night before Combines well with other drugs Easy administration can be mixed in food, liquid and pill

What is a common pvp for canine?

Trazodone

Types of restraint

chemical, physical, verbal

What are three pvp that are commonly used?

L-theanine, L-tryphane, pheromone 

When taking a patient's history, it is important to ask open ended questions. An open ended question is one that

requires clients to fill in the information themselves

The animals signalment includes all except

name

The animals signalment includes

reproductive status, age, breed, sex

When obtaining the medical history, be sure to get all of the following information about medications the animal is taking

duration for which the medication has been given, dose and frequency of medication, type of medication

A _____ animal is unresponsive to any stimuli, while a _____ animal only responds to offensive stimulation, such as pain

comatose; stuporous

When can medical records be destroyed after the severance of the client-patient-veterinary relationship?

8 years 

What is the proper way to make a correction in a handwritten medical record?

Draw a single line through the entry and initial it

Regarding SOAP notes, all "non-measurable" information falls under which category?

subjective

Which of the following would not be considered an objective finding

presenting complaint

Hypothermia would be recorded in which section of the SOAP notes?

assessment

How often should a patient's medical record be updated?

After each veterinary visit or encounter

What is the primary purpose of a veterinary technician assessment?

To collect data and information about a patient's response to a medical or behavioral challenge

Why is it essential for a veterinary technician to record the patient's breed as part of the signalment?

To identify the patient's specific medical conditions

Why is obtaining a thorough patient history important before beginning an examination or treatment?

It can reveal underlying health issues or potential risk factors

Which of the following veterinary technician assessments is the highest priority to treat condition?

Pain

Which route of administration would benefit a patient with pneumonia, a lower airway disease, best?

Nebulization

When administering medication rectally, how far into the rectum should the drug be placed?

5 cm

What is the maximum volume for subcutaneous fluids in feline patients per one spot?

100mL

What is the maximum volume for subcutaneous fluids in canine patients per one spot?

300mL

Which vein, located on the cranial aspect of the forelimb, is used for intravenous injections?

Cephalic

Which vein, located on a canine used to draw blood from?

lateral saphenous

Which vein, located on a feline used to draw blood from?

Medial Saphenous

Which of the following is the highest priority when choosing the appropriate route of medication administration for canine and feline patients?

Patient's health status

Which of the following situations would NOT require medication administration documentation?

Providing a treat to a patient

A veterinary technician administers medication to a patient. When should the documentation of this administration ideally be completed?

Immediately after administration

Which of the following routes of medication administration is enteral

Sublingual

Which location is most ideal for a subcutaneous injection?

Dorsolateral to the shoulder blades

There are 3 drugs commonly delivered IT in emergency situation, the memory trick for memorizing them is the mnemonic- ALE. What does the "L" stand for?

Levothyroxine, Lidocaine, Lufenuron

The veterinarian orders an 10 catheter to be placed in a neonatal puppy. Which site is the most appropriate for catheter placement?

Proximal femur

What is the order of a drug administration?

solution first, then ointment

How much is between administration of drugs?

3 to 5 mins apart

what is a contraindication for oral medications

vomiting

Great Dane presented with a pulse rate of 175 bpm. What is the term used to describe this finding?

Tachycardia

During auscultation of a patient's heart, a murmur is identified at the cranial aspect of the left side. Which heart valve is most associated with this location?

Pulmonary

Crackle

small airways reopen and may indicate fluid present in the lungs

Wheezing

high pitched musical sound mainly on inhalation?

Hypothermia

lower than 99^F

Hyperthermia

Higher than normal temperatures

Pyrexic

true fever

When palpating the abdomen of a healthy canine patient, which organs would be palpable?

Urinary bladder

Which kidney is most easily palpated in a feline patient?

right kidney

Why is the jugular vein palpated during a routine physical exam?

To see if it is distended or pulsating which may indicate right-sided heart failure

What is the interpretation of a patient's mucous membranes if they are yellow in color?

Bilirubin accumulation

Which of the following is an assessment of perfusion?

Capillary refill time

What sound would be expected if you were performing percussion on adipose tissue?

dull

what sound would be expected if you were performing pecausion on adipose tissue?

Tympanic

Which part of the stethoscope is used to ascult lower frequency sounds?

Bell

A patient with an elevated heart rate is said to be _____

Tachycardia

A patient that is having difficulty breathing is said to be ______

Dyspnia

List 3 anatomical areas, other than the gum tissue, where the mucous membranes can be evaluated during a physical exam.

vulva, prepuce, conjuncta

List the normal/average range for a canine patient's vital signs: Temperature, Pulse, Respirations

100.5-102.5^F, 70-160bpm, 8-20Bpm

List the normal/average range for a feline patient's vital signs: Temperature, Pulse, Respirations

100.5-102.5^F, 150-210bpm, 8-30Bpm

What is the medical term for inflammation of the ear canal in dogs and cats?

Otitis externa

Which of the following is not a common symptom of aural yeast infections in dogs and cats?

Malodourous ears

Which of the following is a preventative measure to reduce the risk of ear infections in dogs and cats?

Keeping the ears dry and clean

What is the scientific name for ear mites?

Otodectes cynotis

To facilitate ease of an otoscopic exam in a canine or feline patient, how should the pinna be held?

Pinna should be lifted cranio*dorso and laterally

What is the medical term used to describe wounds caused by a patient that is self-harming?

Excoriation

Ear mites are zoonotic

false

What is the name of the instrument used during an aural exam?

Otoscope

Malassezia otitis

Malodorous thick brown discharge

Bacterial otitis

Malodorous Purulent discharge

Ear mite infestation

Dark dry discharge, extreme pruritis

AU

both ears

AS

left ear

AD

right ear

Place the procedures in order (write 1 for the first through 5 being the last) of when the occur during treatment of an aural cleaning.

medicate and massage medication into ears canals 

if necessary, obtain culture and sensitivity 

remove debris from canals

 obtain sample for in*hospital cytology 

use appropriate solution to clean ears

if necessary, obtain culture and sensitivity, obtain sample for in-hospital cytology, remove debris from canals, use appropriate solution to clean ears, medicate and massage medication into ears canals