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Review Game- Oct. 10 Objective and Map- Oct. 11 (90's Test Questions in each section of Objective) Essay and Timeline- Oct. 12 ~Know the Southern States
Southern States
Louisiana, Mississippi, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Alabama, Tennessee, Kentucky, Arkansas, Texas
Who was the president in 1980?
Jimmy Carter
Is Jimmy Carter democrat or republican?
democrat
Why was president Carter elected?
people were mad at Republicans because of the Water Gate Scandal
Iranian Hostage Crisis
November 4, 1979 Iranian fundamentalist invade and take over the US Embassy in Iran and held 52 Americans hostage
What does Carter try to do to get hostages out of Iran?
tries to negotiate
How long were the 52 American hostages held in Iran?
444 days
Who is Ayotollah Khomeini?
leader of Iran who turned the government into a theocracy
Theocracy
church run state
inflation
price of goods go up in value of dollar goes down
purchasing power
ability to buy things
What was the inflation rate in 1980?
15%
The 1980 election Democrat nominees
Jimmy Carter and Edward Kennedy
Edward Kennedy
running for the democratic nomination in 1980; involved in a scandal with Mary Jo Kopechne and car accident
Mary Jo Kopechne
Campaign worker for Edward Kennedy; rumored to have an affair with him; killed in a car accident on the Chappaquiddick Creak
Who was nominated in the 1980 Democratic nomination and his running mate?
Jimmy Carter and Walter Mondale (Running Mate)
Who was nominated in the 1980 Republican nomination?
Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush (Running Mate)
Who is John Anderson?
US Representative from IL; more liberal Republican; popular with younger people
Who is the third candidate running for president in 1980?
John Anderson
Why is John Anderson's chances of winning low?
he says he will raise the gas tax by 50 cents
What are Ronald Reagan's campaign promises?
cut taxes and government spending on social programs and build up military
What does Reagan say about Carter?
says Carter is weak and too liberal
What does Carter say about Reagan?
says Reagan is a war monger and anti-poor
Who wins the 1980 presidential election?
Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush (running mate)
When are the American hostages in Iran released?
January 20, 1981 (Reagan's inauguration)
What was Reagan before becoming president?
Hollywood actor, president of the S.A.G. (Screen Actors Guild), 2 time governor of California
What was Reagan's political stance before becoming president?
New Deal Democrat
Why did Reagan's political stance change?
The Red Scare
Red Scare
communism scare
What was Reagan's economic plan called?
Reaganomics
What is the 3 parts to Reaganomics?
-cut all income taxes and bigger cuts for the wealthy
-cut all corporate taxes and bigger cuts for larger companies
-cut all government spending except for the military
What is supply side economics?
theory that tax reductions for the wealthy would stimulate the economy (trickle down theory)
What were the 3 big social programs was funding was cut from?
food stamps, medicare, social security
What did Reagan put more funding in?
expanding the military
What happened in August of 1981?
Reaganomics Passes (largest tax cut in America)
How much money in taxes were cut?
39 billion dollars in taxes
By what percent did the average American's taxes go down?
25% over 3 years
single-issue groups
groups that were concerned with single issues that pressured politicians
single-issue groups examples
pro-life organizations, ERA (equal right amendment for women), prayer in school
Televangelists
minister who uses television to preach, would influence voters and politicians
Jerry Falwell
famous televangelist; Leader of the moral majority
Jim Bakker and Tammy Faye
they had a TV shoe called PTL (Praise The Lord Club), Jim Bakker accused of having an affair, Jim Bakker goes to prison (tax evasion)
Jimmy Swaggart
televangelist who was arrested (caught with prostitute)
Pat Robertson
TV show called 700 Club, homophobic, told America 9/11 was their own fault
What happened in March of 1981?
assassination attempt on Reagan (non-fatal wound)
John Hinkley
tried to assassinate Reagan, reason: in love with Jody Foster, plead not guilty by insanity, put into mental hospital
What was Reagan's 3rd promise to Americans?
nominate a woman for the US supreme court (if vacancy)
Sandra Day O'Connor
first woman supreme court justice. appointed by Reagan, conservative
Supreme Court
the highest judicial court in a country or state; 9 justices, judges are labeled conservative, liberal, or moderate; majority is 5
In 1982, what was the economy like?
inflation lowered but still high; unemployment rate 10% (very high); Reagan is blamed
What was the effect of the high inflation and unemployment rate?
less money going to social programs; Reagan is still heavily funding military
The 1982 House of Representative and Senate elections?
Democrats get majority in Senate and increase the majority in House?
In 1983, what was the economy like?
inflation is going down; unemployment rate going down; taxes lowered
Why did the economy boom in 1983?
people were paying 1982 taxes; Reagan needed time for is economic plan to work, people had more money due to reduced taxes
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
known as "Star Wars," President Reagan's SDI proposed the construction of an elaborate computer-controlled, anti-missile defense system capable of destroying ICBMs (intercontinental ballistic missiles) from Soviet Union
How much money would Reagan's SDI plan be?
2 trillion dollars
Does the SDI plan pass?
no (Democratic led Congress)
Why does Reagan introduce the defense plan he knows won't pass?
to scare the USSR
What happens in Grenada in 1983?
a revolution, 800 medical students there, US sends troops to end the revolution and protect medical students
What happens in Lebanon in 1983?
suicide bomber blows up marine base (240 marines killed)
Reasons why public education was worse in early 80's:
rise in drug use in schools, economic decline, educational productivity decline, inadequate funding
What does Reagan do because of the Lebanese bomber?
withdraws troops from the middle east; shows he compassionate
A Nation at Risk (1983)- suggestions
-more homework for students
-paying teachers more
-longer school years and days
What were the 3 suggestions given by the article "A Nation at Risk" to fix schools?
more homework, longer school days and years, more money for teachers
What is the major source of funding for school?
property taxes
Third World Country
under developed country; unstable government; government usually favors the wealthy
In 1911, why did the US send marines to Nicaragua?
to protect American businesses and interests
How long were the marines in Nicaragua?
22 years (1911-1933)
Why did the US take marines out of Nicaragua?
stable government (Somoza Government)
Somoza Government
good relationship with America, treated rich well, not good to the poor
Sandinista Government
revolts against the Somoza; left wing group, funded by USSR, maybe communists; takes over Nicaragua
When Carter was president in 1978, what did he do about the Sandinista Government?
recognized them, gives aid and funding
Why does Carter fund the Sandinista Government?
helping poor and would stop funding from USSR (communists)
Contras
group in Nicaragua that opposed the Sandinistas; right wing group; Reagan wants to fund because not communist
Why is Reagan sending money to Argentina?
he is indirectly funding the Contras; does not want to be involved with war in Nicaragua; Argentina using money to train Contras
Why did Reagan want to fund the Contras instead of the Sandinistas?
not communists
By 1983 how large had the Contras grow to?
10,000
CIA stands for what?
Central Intelligence Agency
Who was also training the Contras?
the CIA
What were the CIA doing on the harbors of Nicaragua?
helping Contras mine the harbors
Boland Amendment (1983)
outlaws US from aiding Contras for two years
A.I.D.S.
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
What does HIV do?
attacks the immune system
What type of disease is HIV?
STD (sexually transmitted disease)
How can HIV be passed?
passed from an HIV positive mother to child; blood to blood contact, IV Drug users, sexual transmission
When HIV is exposed to oxygen what happens?
immediately dies
Ryan White
hemophiliac (blood doesn't clot correctly); blood transfusion which was HIV positive; contracted HIV; kicked out of school
Who were most of the people dying of HIV in the 1980's?
young gay men
Who is nominated by the G.O.P. for president in the 1984 election?
Ronald Reagan
Who is Reagan's running mate in the 1984 election?
George H. W. Bush
State of the Union
each year the president will give a speech to a joint session of Congress (members of the House, Senate and Supreme Court); usually in January
budget deficit
a situation in which the government spends more than it takes in
What does a budget deficit lead to?
debt
In 1980 what was our debt?
900 billion dollars
In 1984 what was our debt?
2 trillion dollars
How long did it take us to accumulate 900 billion dollars in debt?
204 years (since 1776)
Who were the 1984 Democratic nominees?
Gary Hart, Jesse Jackson, Walter Mondale
Gary Hart
US senator from Colorado, Kennedy esque (like Kennedy), no political experience
Jesse Jackson
African american, first black person to run for a major political party nomination, civil rights activist, Rainbow Coalition, minister, great public speaker
