Inorganic Final

stereoisomers that are not mirror images

diastereomer

decreases

metal conductivity ______________ as temperature increases, due to nuclear vibrations

d4 hs, d7 ls, d9

JTD

axial

JTD cause z-axis elongation, making it faster to exchange which type of ligands?

lower

bent NO has a (higher/lower) frequency than linear NO

pi acceptors

are strong field/low spin ligands pi donors or pi acceptors?

pi donors

are weak field/high spin ligands pi donors or pi acceptors?

low spin

is Co3+ high spin or low spin?

low spin

are high oxidation states low spin or high spin?

lower, higher

more electronegative ligands result in (higher/lower) energy of LGOs, and (higher/lower) charge transfer energy

diamagnetic

what term is used when all electrons are paired?

forms H+

what is an Arrhenius acid?

2, 1

for every atom in a face-centered cubic lattice, there are ____tetrahedral hole(s) and _____ octahedral hole(s)

larger

anions are ____________ than cations with a similar number of electrons

higher

occupied 4s is ___________ in energy than 3d

d6 low spin

Co(III) d configuration and spin

OSET

Do Co(III) complexes use ISET or OSET?

labile

Is Zn2+ inert or labile?

associative

mechanism for square planar

M>Y>L>X

order of effects on rate for associative mechanism (L, M, X, Y)

donor --> acceptor

format for electron transfer

dissociative

mechanism for octahedral

lowest non-full orbital

acceptor orbital

highest occupied orbital

donor orbital

elongate and weaken

What does JTD do to M-L bonds?

Fe(II) and Fe(III)

What common metal ions are redox active?

Zn(II)

What common metal ion is redox inactive?

fast

Is t2g-->t2g fast or slow?

larger, negative, increase

A larger difference in reduction potentials means a ____________ and more _______________ change in Gibbs energy and therefore an __________________ in driving force.

intermediate driving force

When is there no activation barrier and maximum ET rate?

increasing the driving force past maximum rate

What is the Marcus inverted region?

pi accepting ligands, increases

electronic coupling: good ______________________ extend wavefunctions and better overlap _____________ ET rate

phen

example of electronic coupling ligand that increases rate of ET

labile

Do eg electrons make the complex inert or labile?

high

Do complexes with no eg electrons have high or low LFSE?

labile (weaker bonds)

Are lower oxidation states more inert or labile?

low spin

Is high oxidation state usually low spin or high spin?

slow

Is eg-->eg fast or slow?

electron-withdrawing ligands

What makes eg-->t2g ET faster?

coordination number is critical in the rds

Why would k be different for a series of the same incoming ligand?

labile

Is an uneven t2g inert or labile?

ordered, associative

a large -dS value means the transition state is more _______________ so the mechanism will be _______________

square and trigonal planar

16 electron compounds

octahedral and tetrahedral

18 electron compounds

more, lower, lower

lower oxidation state -> _________ back donation -> _________ CO bond order -> ___________ CO frequency

decreases

more bridging (increases/decreases) the CO frequency

6

how many electrons does N^3- donate?

5

coordination number of precatalyst

square planar

what geometry are d8 complexes?

t2g, triply

for octahedra, the lower energy level is the _____ and is ______________ degenerate

eg, doubly

for octahedra, the higher energy level is the ____ and is _______________ degenerate

z^2, x^2-y^2

the two degenerate states for octahedra are _______ and _________

xy, xz, yz

the three degenerate states for octahedra are __________, __________, and ___________

z-axis

square planar energy levels have orbitals along which axis as more stable?

isomers that are mirror images of each other

enantiomers

2

coordination isomers must have how many transition metal complex ions?

trans

if there are 2 CN groups but only one band in the IR, the CN ligands must be __________

cis

If there are 2 CN groups and 2 bands in the IR, the CN ligands must be _________

higher

more stable coordination complexes have (higher/lower) Kf values

higher, increases

multidentate chelates have (higher/lower) Kf than monodentate because substitutions (increases/decreases) entropy

repelled

diamagnetic means (repelled/attracted) by magnetic field

attracted

paramagnetic means (repelled/attracted) by magnetic field

stabilize, increases

pi acceptors (stabilize/destabilize) the t2g orbitals, which (increases/decreases) LFSE

destabilize, decreases

pi donors (stabilize/destabilize) the t2g orbitals, which (increases/decreases) LFSE

MLCT (no LFSE)

is d^10 MLCT or LMCT?

low spin

is square planar typically high spin or low spin?

higher

higher oxidation states have (higher/lower) LFSE

higher

larger energy levels have (higher/lower) LFSE

high spin

is tetrahedral always low spin or high spin?

higher, allowed

charge transfer transitions are (higher/lower) energy and symmetry (forbidden/allowed)

lower, forbidden

d-d transitions are (higher/lower) energy and symmetry (forbidden/allowed)

LMCT

is d^0 MLCT or LMCT?

d^5, d^10

pale colored solutions have no spin-spin transitions allowed, which includes d^n configurations _____ and ____

yes

are sigma MOs symmetrical wrt C2?

no

are pi MOs symmetrical wrt C2?

C4

delta MOs are antisymmetrical wrt what axis?

g

Is g or u symmetric wrt center of inversion?

forms OH-

what is an Arrhenius base?

loses H+

what is a BL acid?

gains H+

what is a BL base?

acids

in a solvent system, solutes that increase the solvent cation autodissociation product are (acids/bases)

bases

in a solvent system, solutes that increase the solvent anion autodissociation product are (acids/bases)

electron pair acceptor

what is a Lewis acid?

electron pair donor

what is a Lewis base?

higher

a better base has a (higher/lower) energy HOMO

electron donating

are methyl substituents electron donating or electron withdrawing?

a=2r

for a cubic lattice, what dimension is known?

c=4r

for a body-centered cubic lattice, what dimension is known?

b=4r

for a face-centered cubic lattice, what dimension is known?

efficiency

________________ is the (volume of the atoms occupying the cube)/(volume of the cube)

negative

soluble compounds have a (positive/negative) enthalpy of solution

positive

insoluble compounds have a (positive/negative) enthalpy of solution

far apart

are the conduction and valence bands close together or far apart for an insulator?

increases, thermally

semiconductor conductivity _______________ as temperature increases, due to a _________________ populated conduction band

metals

________________ either have a partially filled valence band or overlapped valence and conduction bands

lower

unoccupied 4s is ___________ in energy than 3d

more

lone pairs take up ____________ angular space than bonding pairs

more

more negative formal charge goes on the ___________ electronegative atom

added

highest electron affinity is atoms that have noble gas configuration when an electron is ___________

higher, easy

the first electron to pair spin is ____________ energy and therefore (easy/hard) to remove