Week 8 - Chemical Thermodynamics Part 2

What is a spontaneous process?

A process which occurs naturally under the conditions that the process is occurring at.

Goes from order to disorder

What are the conditions of going from order to disorder?

• If the total moles of product is larger

• If there is an increase in temperature

• If it is solid → liquid → gas

• If solid dissolves in a liquid

• Gas dissolved in liquid → gas in atmosphere

What is the law of conservation of energy?

The total energy of the universe is constant and cannot be made or destroyed.

What is entropy?

Refers to the state of order of a system

The more disordered a system is, the higher its entropy.

What is standard molar entropy?

The entropy per mole of a pure substance while in its standard state

Relation between gibbs energy and spontanity

In general,

ΔG° = ΔH° - TΔS°

ΔG° < 0, for spontaneous reaction,  

ΔG° = 0, reaction in equilibrium,

ΔG°> 0, for non-spontaneous reaction