US History II study guide

The Northern states developed an industrial economy based on⏩_

manufacturing

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* The Southern states developed an⏩_____economy based on slavery

agricultural

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* The South opposed⏩______that made manufactured goods more expensive.

high tariffs

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published the abolitionist newspaper *The Liberator*.

William Lloyd Garrison

wrote *Uncle Tom’s Cabin* showing evils of slavery

Harriet Beecher Stowe

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* A slave revolt in Virginia led by⏩___increased fear of further uprisings

nat turner

The ___________admitted Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state and (b) drew an east-west line through the Louisiana Purchase with slavery prohibited above the line and allowed below the line, except that slavery was allowed in which was Missouri north of the line.

missiour compromise

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* The⏩__________admitted California as a free state

compromise of 1850

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* The   _________ repealed the Missouri Compromise and allowed the people of Kansas and Nebraska to decide whether to allow slavery

Kansa and Nebraska Act

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Lincoln- _______ - and antislavery forces battled

bleeding kansas

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* Abraham Lincoln debated⏩_________over slavery in the Illinois Senate campaign

steven douglas

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_____Case - a decision by the Supreme Court declaring that slaves were property and could be legally taken into any free state

Dred Scott

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_____warned: “A house divided against itself cannot stand.”

Abe Lincoln

Women fought for suffrage, or the right to ⏩

vote

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_____– adopted by convention in 1848 called for equal rights for women.

Seneca Falls Declaration

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* ⏩____________and⏩_____________– both advocated women’s suffrage

Susan B Anthony and Katty Staton

* Lincoln’s election in 1860 led to the⏩___________of 7 southern states

Civil War begins when Confederates attack Union forces at ⏩______

sessions and ft.sumter

Battle of⏩_________in Maryland marked deadliest day in US History

antietam

Lincoln issued the⏩__________after the battle, banning slavery in rebel states

emaciation proclamation

 ____Union victory and turning point of the war

gettysburg

In the⏩__________, Lincoln argued America was a nation ruled “of the people, by the people, and for the people.”

gettysburg address

______- site of Lee’s surrender to Grant

appomattox

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_________– Union general, won victories after many Union generals failed

Ulysses S Grant

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_____– Confederate general of the Army of Northern Virginia

Robert E Lee

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____– Former slave became an abolitionist and urged Lincoln to recruit former slaves and free blacks to fight in the Union army

Fredick Douglass

The period after the civil war when the south was rebuilding was ⏩________

reconstruction

Lincoln believed the government should not⏩_____the South but act with “malice towards none, with charity for all, in order to “bind up the nation’s wounds”

punish

⏩__________favored guaranteeing voting rights and rights for African Americans

radical republican

Lincoln’s successor,____ was impeached

andrew johnson

The three Civil War Amendments were added to the Constitution:

⏩__________– abolished slavery

⏩__________– guaranteed equal rights under the law to all Americans

⏩___ ___– guaranteed voting rights regardless of race, or slavery

13

14

15

Reconstruction ended following the controversial⏩_________of 1876

Election

Rutherford B. Hayes was elected through the ⏩__________

compromise of 1877

The⏩___________Era began in which blacks in the South were denied rights

jim crow

⏩___________States were left embittered and devastated by the war

southern

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* The⏩____________provided free public land to settlers in the western territories.

homested act

Prior to 1871, most⏩____came from northern and western Europe (Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden).

old immigrants

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* From 1871-1921, most⏩___________came from southern and eastern Europe (Italy, Greece, Poland, Russia) as well as Asia (China, Japan).

new immigrants

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* The⏩______was completed in Utah and connected the US

transcontinental railroad

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____workers helped to build it across California and Nevada.

chinese

Most immigrants entered America through⏩___________in New York

ellis island

America became a⏩______where immigrants were assimilated

‘melting pot’

___________– fear that new immigrants would take jobs led to hostility

Congress passed the⏩__________in 1882 to ban their immigration

nativism and chinese exclusion act

_________provided jobs but long hours, low pay, & dangerous working conditions

factories

A terrible fire in the⏩________killed 146 garment workers

triangle shirtwaist factory

Workers families lived in crowded⏩____and slums.

henry ford tenements

Business leaders created huge⏩__________ that controlled industries

monopolies

⏩______ dominated the US steel industry

andrew carnegie

____controlled the finance industry

JP Morgan

___ built a monopoly of the oil industry

John D. Rockefeller

 ____controlled America’s railroads

Cornelius Vanderbelt

Henry Bessemer invented a new process to make ⏩_____

steal

____ invented the light bulb and electricity

edison

____ made the first telephone

Bell

_____invented the airplane

wright brothers

_____ perfected assembly line manufacturing for automobile

henry ford

Government policies based on hands-off⏩___________ capitalism

laissez-faire

Monopolies and trusts (vertical/horizontal⏩_______ )

vertical and horizontal

______– organized both skilled and unskilled workers

knights of labors

American Federation of Labor founded by⏩_________organized skilled workers

gompers

American Railway Union formed by socialist⏩___________organized both workers

eugene debs

_____Riot - Seven police officers and several workers killed in protest at Chicago.  Knights of Labor blamed, turning public opinion against organized labor.

haymarket

______Strike - Three detectives and six workers were killed. The union is broken

homested

______Strike - Eugene Debs leads strike against Rail Car Company.

pullman

Through strikes, workers eventually gained shorter⏩____and better ⏩__________

hours and conditions

___________Anti-trust Act prevents any business that creates a monopoly

sherman

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* The⏩__________in 1920 granted women the right to vote.

19th amendment

In⏩___plessy v ferguson_______the Supreme Court ruled that “separate but equal” was legal

poesy v ferguson

During the⏩___________ African-Americans moved to Northern cities to escape the South.

great migration

_________– led an anti-lynching crusade

ida b. wells

⏩__________believed the way to equality was through vocational education

booker t washington

To promote this, he founded the⏩________ ___in Alabama

tuskegee institute

___said, “We are men; we will be treated as men.” And believed that education was meaningless without equality. He founded the⏩__________to help African Americans in 1909

W.E.B Dubois and NAACP

_________ proposed a progressive agenda called the “Square Deal”

theodore roosevelt

President⏩___________’s agenda was called the “New Freedom”

woodrow wilson

Reporters called⏩____muckrakers______investigated & reported social injustices

muckrakers

In state governments, the⏩____________is a direct vote to reject or accept a law

referendum

Voters can⏩__________an elected official and remove him from office by vote

recall

The⏩______17th____allowed for the direct election of U.S. senators

17th

_________– Sec. of State Hay’s policy to give all nations equal trading rights in China.

open door policy

__________– President Taft’s policy for US businesses to invest in Latin America.

dollar diplomacy

____– Pres. Roosevelt’s foreign policy (“Speak softly and carry a big stick.”)

foreign policy

Roosevelt negotiated treaty to build the⏩__________to lessen shipping time

Panama canal

The US annexed Hawaii after overthrowing Queen ⏩________

liluokalni

Began with the explosion of the battleship⏩____________in Havana Harbor

Maine

Intensified through⏩___________Journalism by Hearst and Pulitzer

yellow

In Cuba, Teddy Roosevelt becomes a hero when⏩___________charge San Juan Hill

rough riders

US gains the Philippines, Guam, &  ⏩___________

puerto rico

After the war, there is an insurrection in the⏩___________over US rule

philippines

The Treaty was⏩___________by the US Congress

treaty of Versailles

African-Americans served in ⏩___________military units

segregated

The ⏩_____Tuskegee_____Airmen were African Americans and served with distinction

Tuskegee

The⏩___________Code Talkers created an impossible code to break.

navajo

___ was the symbol of women who took men’s jobs in factories

Rosie the Riveter

_____ was used to maintain supply of essential products. 

rationing

______ were sold to finance the war.

war bonds

The ⏩_________or “selective service” was used to provide soldiers

draft

Anti-Japanese prejudice on the West Coast led to their ⏩__________in camps

internment

One of the largest camps for Japanese-Americans was ⏩___________

manzanar

____ were ad campaigns used to increase public morale

propaganda

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____case overturned the “separate but equal” doctrine

brown vs board of ed