POS 160: Quiz 3

CH 5 & 6

Coglianese asserts that international organizations and international law respond to three types of problems. These are

b. coordinating global linkages, responding to common problems, and protecting core values. 

2. International law is an example of a(n) _______ institution. 

international

3. The concept of “sovereignty” is an example of a(n) _______ institution.

Constitutional

4. _______ are a type of participant in global politics that is neither acting in the name of  government nor created and served by government. 

nongovernmental actors

5. A(n) _______ institution represents the basic norms and practices that sovereign states employ to facilitate coexistence and cooperation under conditions of international anarchy. a. constitutional 

fundamental

6. The European colonial powers divided the world’s peoples into _______ societies.

c. civilized, barbarian, and savage 

7. A(n) _______ is an authoritative international organization that operates above the nation state. 

supranational global organization

8. The Ottawa Convention on Landmines (1997) is a good example of a(n) _______ institution

issue-specific

9. A(n) _______ is a governing arrangement that guides states and transnational actors and  institutions. 

regime

10. A core function of global governance is to 

b. regulate and coordinate action with regards to transnational issue areas.

11. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was the product of a deliberate and systematic  process of _______ dialogue. 

b. intercultural 

12. The use of force to enforce humanitarian concerns in the face of state collapse is called

humanity enforcement

13. The principal mechanism modern states employ to “legislate” international law is

d. multilateral diplomacy. 

14. More actors become subjects and agents of international law, which means a development of  _______ is eventually possible. 

d. supranational law 

15. Developing countries criticize international law as 

b. based on Western European historical experience. 

16. According to the UN Charter, in the General Assembly voting requires a(n) 

b. two-thirds majority. 

17. According to the textbook, the UN Secretary-General 

b. provides administrative guidance. 

The conditionality of statehood was considered for which Cold War era phenomenon? 

decolonization

Which organ of the UN is charged with maintaining international security and order?

security council

A potential problem associated with the use of UN peacekeepers to quell disturbances within  fragile or failed states is 

 various forms of abuse of non-combatants committed by the peacekeepers.

How might a realist concerned with state sovereignty interpret Article 2(7) of the UN  Charter?

b. The UN may only intervene in a state if that state consents 

 According to the UN Charter, in the Security Council voting is on the basis of

b. one vote for each member-state on the Security Council. 

23. Which key section of the UN Charter deals with “Action with Respect to Threats to the  Peace, Breaches of the Peace, and Acts of Aggression”? 

d. Chapter VII 

When international law promotes the freedom from outside interference for sovereign states  this is called a(n) 

negative liberty

Which nation is not a member of the permanent five who hold a veto on the Security  Council?

Germany

26. The New Development Bank and World Bank are competing types of

a. intergovernmental organizations (IGOs). 

27. The _______ serves as the main UN judicial organ to settle disputes between states. 

b. International Court of Justice (ICJ) 

28. Who was the Secretary-General of the UN who outlined a more ambitious agenda for the UN in his An Agenda for Peace (1992)? 

c. Boutros Boutros-Ghali 

Which concept involves UN confidence-building measures and fact-finding?

d. Preventive diplomacy 

Which UN body was tasked with overseeing the transition of territories from colonial status  to self-government or independence? 

c. Trusteeship Council 

31. Which of the following was the last Trust Territory to gain independence in 1994?

Palau

The International Committee of the Red Cross directed the implementation of which of the  following documents?

UNFCCC

Recent decisions by the UN Security Council have treated gross violations of human rights  by sovereign states as threats to international peace and security. In 2011 this was the basis for  foreign military intervention in which African country? 

Libya

34. Amnesty International is an example of what type of organization? 

c. Nongovernmental organization (NGO) 

_______ is the process by which states act together to solve common problems

c. Multilateralism 

Human security refers to

physical security from war and violence, economic security from extreme poverty, and a right  to human dignity. 

Classical peacekeeping

d. is not effective if the warring parties do not want peace. 

38. Collective security is an arrangement in which each state agrees 

a. to a joint response to aggression. 

39. The competence, or jurisdiction, of the _______ is limited, which hinders the effectiveness of that organization. 

ICJ

The addition of INGOs, epistemic communities, and other global civil society actors is most closely associated with which author or authors? 

c. Keck and Sikkink 

41. The African Union (AU) and the Organization of American States (OAS) are examples of

regional organizations

 At the United Nations, the relationship between state sovereignty and the limits of UN action

b. was resolved in the Preamble to the UN Charter. 

53. The Security Council members that hold the veto power are often referred to as 

the P5

54. The Maastricht Treaty created the 

c. European Union. 

55. Which person started a philanthropic foundation with a focus on education, curing diseases,  and building strong communities? 

Mark Zuckerberg

56. Many analysts believe that a key difference between the League of Nations and the UN is 

 c. the participation of the United States in the UN. 

57. _______ are often seen as guilty of exploiting labor and crowding out local businesses. 

c. Multinational corporations 

58. A(n) _______ is a charitable trust or a nonprofit INGO with the purpose of making grants to  other institutions or to individuals. 

foundation

59. A network of activists that promote normative positions internationally are known as

c. transnational advocacy networks. 

60. Global networks composed of many different groups that might or might not share an  ideological position but are united in their wish to overthrow a system of governance are

global terrorist networks

1. What percentage of twenty-first century conflicts have taken place in Asia?

39%

2. What relationship does ungoverned territory have with terrorism? 

c. Ungoverned territory can facilitate the development of terrorist groups 

3. The idea that war should be a means to an end is commonly associated with which writer?

b. Carl von Clausewitz 

4. Kaldor's "new wars" concept seems to be supported by evidence that shows _______ of conflicts have occurred within states during the last decade. 

95%

5. The “Widening school”, or Copenhagen school, of international relations advocates for 

a. increasing the scope of what should fall under global security studies

6. Critical theorists, such as Marxists and feminists, seek to _______ the role of the state.

enhance

7. Which of the following is/are seen as evidence of the increased absence of interstate war? 

d. Security communities such as those in Europe and democratic peace theory 

8. Nonstate actors involved in conflict achieve a global presence using means that include(s) 

a. media. 

b. nongovernmental organizations. 

c. international organizations such as the UN. 

d. democratic states in the West. 

9. A conflict that turns on one side’s ability to force the other side to fight on their own terms is  _______ war. 

asymmetric

10. Paramilitary forces blur the distinction between 

a. soldier and civilian. 

. Patrick Lin asserts that drone warfare can lead to a “fourth D,” which is 

dispassion

The campaign called Operation Unified Protector targeted which country?

Libya

Human interest should take priority over national interest is a tenet of which school of  thought? 

Global Humanist

14. Academi (formerly Xe Services, formerly Blackwater) is an example of a(n) 

d. privatized military firm (PMF). 

15. The revolution in military affairs 

d. has partially facilitated the rise of asymmetric warfare, demonstrates that technological  advantage is decisive in warfare, and negates the idea of postmodern warfare. 

16. In the Sagan-Waltz discussion, the topic was 

b. nuclear proliferation. 

17. “Security is a contested concept” means scholars 

c. disagree about what the term means. 

18. A state whose goal is to promote its worldview and influence events beyond its borders is  called a 

superpower

Constructivists would most likely view _______ as the primary factor influencing “new  wars.” 

identity

 According to the text, academic disagreements about definitions of terms like “war” and  “security” matter because 

b. scholars often make policy recommendations to politicians. 

According to the text, rising great powers such as China and Russia believe that _______  is/are failing to sustain the international system. 

democracy

22. Gray zone tactics refer to  

the tools of hybrid warfare

23. Hybrid warfare allows inferior militaries to 

c. overcome advantages held by superior ones. 

24. Which of the following is considered a normative power by the text? 

European Union

25. According to offensive neorealists, states are concerned with obtaining _______, which they  view as being _______ to other states. 

d. power; relative 

26. A powerful alliance of defense contractors that have a large degree of influence in politics  would be most alarming to 

b. radical liberals. 

27. Weapons of mass destruction (WMD) include 

a. chemical, biological, nuclear, and radiological weapons. 

28. Liberal or Grotian theorists encourage collective security as a means of

a. enhancing cooperation. 

b. protection of the national interest. 

c. sharing resources. 

d. engaging in preventive war. 

According to constructivists, the fundamental structures of international politics are _______  rather than _______.

d. social; material 

30. Secular radicals who seek to create systems of governance that provide for basic human  needs through violent means are called 

a. Marxist terrorists. 

31. In Latin America, the South Pacific, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia, the trend has been  toward 

b. denuclearization and nuclear-weapon-free zones. 

32. State A sends its military to support State B’s political structure and fight State B’s non-state  enemies. This is an example of 

a. counterinsurgency. 

33. Which countries are NPT-declared weapons states? 

b. United Kingdom, France, United States, Russia, and China 

34. At the 1995 NPT review conference, the signatories 

a. agreed to extend the treaty indefinitely. 

35. According to the text, nuclear globalization caused 

c. a regionally differentiated world. 

36. An aspect of globalization after the Cold War is the declining centrality of the state; this  trend has created 

c. space for groups with subnational or pan-national agendas to act. 

37. What term is used to describe the acquisition of nuclear weapons by states? 

nuclearization

38. Cultural explanations for terrorism focus on 

threats to identity

39. In what year was the term “weapons of mass destruction” coined and by whom? 

a. 1948, UN Commission for Conventional Armaments 

40. When did India and Pakistan cross the so-called nuclear threshold? 

May 1998