Human Sexual Behavior Final

final exam content

most parents encourage sex ed that is

watered down

ethical therapy never includes

sex with therapist

active third stage

remove the placenta manually

psychological third stage

wait for the placenta to be delivered naturally

Third stage of labor

delivery of the placenta

illegal abortions

"Unlawful termination of pregnancy performed by unlicensed individuals or in unsanitary conditions, often resulting in severe health complications or death." also includes shoving sharp objects up the vagina

vitro fertilization

A medical procedure in which an egg is fertilized with sperm outside the body in a laboratory dish, and then implanted in the uterus for pregnancy.

rape culture is

telling women what to wear, who to associate with, being aware of the men around you etc

reasons why someone may oppose contraceptives often stems from

religious reasons

long long does it take AIDs to develop from HIV

about 8-11 years

Most women do not know they have gonorrhea until

80% of the disease has passed

Chlamydia symptoms

Symptoms of this sexually transmitted infection include painful urination, abnormal discharge, and pelvic pain. It can also cause rectal pain and discharge.

treatment for chlamydia

Antibiotics are used to treat chlamydia, typically azithromycin or doxycycline. Treatment usually lasts for 7-10 days. It is important to complete the full course of antibiotics to ensure the infection is completely cleared. It is also recommended to abstain from sexual activity during treatment to avoid spreading the infection.

consequences for not treating chlamydia

Flashcard:

Consequences for not treating chlamydia

* Infertility
* Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
* Increased risk of ectopic pregnancy
* Chronic pelvic pain
* Increased risk of HIV infection
* Transmission to sexual partners
* Blindness

Who is most at risk for STD’s

People who have unprotected sex, multiple sexual partners, and engage in high-risk sexual behaviors are most at risk for STDs. Other factors that increase the risk include a weakened immune system, drug or alcohol use, and a history of STDs. It is important to practice safe sex and get regular STD testing to protect yourself and your partners.

HIV/AIDS symptoms

Symptoms of this virus include fever, fatigue, rash, sore throat, swollen glands, headache, and muscle/joint pain. As the virus progresses, it can lead to weight loss, night sweats, diarrhea, and opportunistic infections.

how to detect HIV

Flashcard: HIV Detection

* Detectable through blood tests
* Antibody tests detect HIV antibodies in blood
* Antigen tests detect HIV proteins in blood
* Nucleic acid tests detect HIV RNA in blood
* Window period exists where tests may be negative despite infection
* Regular testing important for early detection and treatment.

How to treat HIV

1. HIV treatment involves antiretroviral therapy (ART)
2. ART helps suppress the virus and prevents progression to AIDS
3. ART requires strict adherence to medication schedule
4. Regular monitoring of viral load and CD4 count is necessary
5. HIV-positive individuals should also practice safe sex to prevent transmission
6. Supportive care, such as counseling and mental health services, can improve overall health outcomes.

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Chlamydia does not respond to

Penicillin treatment

can you still get herpes if you wear a condom?

yes

StI perspectives in history

moral abomination

public health focus

what is chlamydia caused by?

Microorganism (trich)

who is the most at risk for chlamydia?

young women that use oral contraceptives and women who douche

How is chlamydia spread?

sexual contact and fingers

Who is most at risk for Gonorrhea?

Lower SES, teens/ young adults

What causes nongonococcal urethritis?

3 separate microscopic organisms

Symptoms of nongonococcal urethritis

women: often do not know

men: discharge from the penis and mild burning when peeing

how to treat nongonococcal urethritis

may go away on own or with antibotics

Chancroid and Mrsa are most common in

underdeveloped countries

4 phases of syphilis

Primary

secondary

latent

tertiary

primary phase of syphilis

sore on the tip of penis or vagina (usually unnoticed) appears three weeks after infection

Secondary syphilis 2

2-8 weeks after exposure

rash appears

Latent stage of syphilis

No symptoms

stage can last for several years

not contagious after 1 year

tertiary stage of syphilis

occurs in 15% of untreated patients

can have very severe symptoms such as dementia or death

Three types of vaginial infections

Bacterial vaginosis, Candidiasis, Trichomoniasis

when does a vaginal infection occur?

when normal bacteria is replaced with harmful microorganism

how can men get vaginal infections?

if a woman with a vaginal infection is sexually active with a man if can spread. Although not as severe. Many men do not even know that they have it

what type of infection is herpes?

Viral

genital herpes is also known as

HSV-2

oral herpes are also known as

HSV-1

genital herpes symptoms

small painful bumps or blisters

most often on a woman’s labia or the shaft of a penis

how long after exposure do genital herpes appear? and how long does it last?

2-14 days after exposure

lasts for up to 20 days

How long do oral herpes last?

they tend to crust over around 10-16 days

what are genital warts caused by?

HPV

how long does it take for genital warts to appear?

3 to 8 months after exposure

warts in moist areas are often

pink or red. They have a cauliflower look

warts in dry areas are often

greyish yellow and hard

Three major types of viral hepatitis

A, B, and non A/non B

How is viral hepatitis spread?

A and B is spread sexually

Non types are not associated with sexual behavior

Prenatal transmission rate of viral hepatitis

85%

symptoms of viral hepatitis

some may have no symptoms

typically flu- like

some cases may affect the liver and be severe

Most common age range for pubic lice

singles aged 15-24

how long can public lice live away from the body?

24 hours

how to treat pubic lice

creams and washing linens

what are bed bugs attracted to?

human blood

What are scabies caused by?

mites

how long can mites live on clothes?

72 hours

Origins of AIDS

evidence suggests it comes from chimpanzees

How does HIV attack the body?

kills off CD4 lymphocytes aka T-4 cells

Most cases of AIDS are spread through

sexual contact

AIDS is spread through what bodily fluids

semen, vaginal secretions salvia, urine, and breast milk

what were comstock laws?

outlawed the distribution of “obscene materials” aka contraceptives

what did margaret sanger do

opened an illegal clinic that gave out diaphragms

supreme court 1965 rule

said that states could not prohibit married couples from using contraceptives

supreme court 1972 rule

extended the rights of contraceptives to unmarried people

4 types of birth control pills

constant doses

longer duration

multiphasic

progesterone only (mini pills)

how does oral contraceptive birth control work?

prevents ovulation

changes the cervical and uterine environments

you need to take birth control at

the same time everyday

birth control may not work if

you miss more than three pills a month

you are on antibiotics

how does the vaginal ring work

releases hormones into the skin or vaginal lining. It then prevents ovulation

advantages of the vaginal ring

less hormones + less side effects

disadvantages of the ring

increased discharge

no STD protection

How does the patch work

releases progesterone and estrogen into the bloodstream

advantages of the patch

does not interrupt sex

you don’t have to think about it

Disadvantage of the patc

skin irritation

nausea

vomiting

what is in birth control implants

progesterone and/ or estrogen

only temporary birth control method for men

condoms

success rate of condoms

85% with typical use

98% with perfect use

how does a female condom work?

the condom is worn inside the vagina while the penis moves under the sheath

dental damns are used for

oral and anal sex

does does vaginal spermicide work

contains chemicals that kill sperm. May come in jelly or cream style

advantage of spermicide

no known health risks

disadvantage of spermicide

no STD protection

increase UTI or Yeast infections

how does a diaphragm work?

latex dome that fits in front of cervix with a cream or jelly

advantage of diaphragm

helps women become comfortable with their body

decreases rate of some STD’s

disadvantage of diaphragm

high failure rates

can still get HIV

how is a cervical cap different from a diaphragm?

it is smaller and can be left in longer

how to care for diaphragms and cervical caps

wash with mild soap

examine for small holes

IUD advantages

highly effective

don’t have to think

IUD disadvantage

can cause pelvic inflammatory disease

increase infertility

no protection against STD

abdominal pain

spotting

risk of pregnancy from mid cycle intercourse

20-30%

take emergency contraception within 72 hours

Sexual assault includes

rape, sexual coercion, and sexual harassment

how many women experience rape in their life

1/5

typical characteristics of rapist

traditional gender roles

narcissist

need for power

its very common for rape victims to know

the identity of their perpetrator. It is often times someone you know

47% of trans individuals report

sexual assault during their lifetime

The LGBT community is at a higher risk for

Rape

most common child sexual abuse relationship occurs between

adult male to female child

physical injury is not uncommon in cases of

sexual assault