Med Term Chapter 6

Albuminuria

albumin in the urine

Anuria

absence of urine

Azotemia

nitrogen in the blood

Dysuria

difficult or painful urination

Glycosuria

sugar (glucose) in the urine

Hematuria

blood in the urine

Nocturia

night urination

Oliguria

scanty urine (amount)

Polyuria

much (excessive) urine

Pyuria

pus in the urine

Nephrologist

physician who studies and treats diseases of the kidney

Nephrology

study of the kidney

Urologist

physician who studies and treats diseases of the urinary tract

Urology

study of the urinary tract

Intravesical

pertaining to within the urinary bladder

Meatal

pertaining to the meatus

Tranuretheral

pertaining to through the urethra

urinary

pertaining to the urine

Enuresis

involuntary urination

Prolapse

displacement of an organ or anatomic structure from its normal position

Stricture

abnormal narrowing, such as urethral structure

Urianry Incontinence

inability to control bladder causing leakage

Diuretic

agent that promotes formation and excretion of urine

hemodialysis (HD)

procedure for removing impurities from the blood because of an inability of the kidneys to do so

peritoneal dialysis

procedure for removing toxic wastes when the kidney is unable to do so; the peritoneal cavity is used as the receptacle for the fluid use in the dialysis

urinary catheterization

passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to with draw urine

catheter (cath)

flexible tubelike device such as a urinary catheter for withdrawing or instilling fluids

Urinal

receptacle fo urine

Distended

stretched out (a bladder is distended when filled with urine)

Electrolytes

minerals in the body, such as sodium and potassium that carry an electrolyte charge

Void

to empty or evacuate waste material

cyst/o, vesic/o

bladder, sac

glomerul/o

glomerulus

meat/o

meatus (opening)

nephr/o, ren/o

kidney

pyel/o

renal pelvis

ureter/o

ureter

urethr/o

urethra

albumin/o

albumin

azot/o

urea, nitrogen

blast/o

developing cell, germ cell

glysc/o

sugar

hem/o

blood

hydr/o

water

lith/o

stones, calculus

noct/i

night

olig/o

scanty, few

son/o

sound

ur/o, urin/o

urine, urinary tract

A

absence of, without

Dys

painful, abnormal, difficult, labored

Poly

many, much

Trans

through, across, beyond

al, ary

pertaining to

Cele

hernia, protrusion

Ectomy

excision, surgical removal

Emia

in the blood

Gram

the record, radiographic image

Graphy

process of recording, radiographic imaging

Ia

diseased or abnormal state, condition of

Iasis

condition

Itis

inflammation

Lith

stones, calculus

Logist

one who studies and treats (specialist, physician)

Logy

study of

Lysis

loosening, dissolution, seperating

Megaly

enlargement

Oma

tumor, swelling

Osis

abnormal condition of

Pexy

surgical fixation

Plasty

surgical repair

Ptosis

drooping, sagging, prolapse

Scope

instrument used for visual examination

Scopy

visual examination

Stenosis

constriction of narrowing

Stomy

creating of an artificial opening

Tomy

cut into, incision

Tripsy

surgical crushing

Uria

urine, urination

Cystogram

radiographic image of the bladder

Cystography

radiographic imaging of the bladder

Nephrosonography

process of recording the kidney using sound

Renogram

radiographic record of the kidney

retrograde urogram, urogram

radiographic image of the urinary tract

voiding cystourethrography (VCUG)

radiographic image of the bladder and the urethra

Cystoscope

instrument used for visual examination of the bladder

Cystoscopy

visual examination of the bladder

Nephroscopy

visual examination of the kidney

Ureterscopy

visual examination of the ureter

KUB

simple radiographic image of the abdomen

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

test that measures the amount of nitrogen in the blood that comes from urea

Creatinine

blood test the measure the amount of a waste product in the blood that comes from the normal wear and tear of muscles

specific gravity (SG)

test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys

urinalysis (UA)

multiple routine test performed on a urine specimen. visual examination and chemical analysis of a urine specimen provides screening for blood, glucose, protein, and other substances in the urine and offers a picture of overall health

urine culture and sensitivity

test performed on a urine specimen to determine the presence of bacteria and yeasts; used to diagnose urinary tract infection

Urodynamics

pertaining to the force and flow or urine within the urinary tract

Kidney

one of two bean-shaped organs located on each side of the vertebral column on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity covered anteriorly by the parietal peritoneum. Their function is to remove waste products from the blood and to aid in maintaining water and electrolyte balance

Nephron

urine-producing microscopic structure. Approximately 1 million * are located in each kidney

Glomerulus

cluster of capillaries at the entrance of the nephron. The process of filtering the blood, thereby forming urine, begins here.

renal pelvis

funnel-shaped reservoir that collects the urine and passes it to the ureter