world history I hn final

absolute location

The exact position of a place on the earth's surface.

relative location

The position of a place in relation to another place

radiocarbon dating

Archaeologists use this test to determine the date/age of organic artifacts.

order of hominids

Australopithecus, homo habilis, homo erectus, homo sapiens neanderthalensis, homo sapiens

order of evolution ages

Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic

First to leave Africa and used fire

Homo erectus

First to bury their dead

Neanderthal

hominid that invented farming and art

Homo sapiens

modern day man

Neolithic people

What does the Venus of Willendorf represent?

fertility

what is the neolithic age also called?

New Stone Age (10,000-4,000 bc)

The neolithic age led to a shift in lifestyle from...

nomadic to settled lifestyle

The agricultural revolution occurred during which era?

Neolithic era

First agricultural region of the world...

The fertile crescent

What was Catal Huyuk?

An ancient civilization in which is located in present day Turkey.

what are the 8 characteristics a civilization must have?

cities, government, religion, job specialization, social class, art & architecture, public works, writing/record keeping.

First civilization in Mesopotamia

Sumerians

First writing system

Cuneiform

Mesopotamia was wide and open therefore...

There were many invasions and constant switching of empires controlling the area.

Mesopotamians traded through these rivers.

Tigris and Euphrates

First law code

Hammurabi's Code

The Babylonians (Amorites) conquered the sumerians led by...

king hammurabi

The hittites were known for having...

A strong military

This mesopotamian group were geniuses in war and used advanced war techniques.

Assyrians

What did Ashurbanipal build?

Library of Ninevah

The Chaldeans were also called

Neobabylonians

This Mesopotamian emperor built hanging gardens for his wife and the Ishtar gate

Nebuchadnezzar II

This group captured the jews and sent them away.

Chaldeans

What was important about the rosetta stone?

We were able to better understand egyptian language/ hieroglyphics.

What happens to the Nile river yearly that is ideal for farming?

Flooding

What was grown and used as paper by egyptians?

Papyrus

Who united Upper and Lower Egypt?

Narmer (menes)

Which kingdom was known as the golden age kingdom of the Egyptians?

The Middle Kingdom

Which group invaded the Egyptians?

The Hyksos

Which kingdom of egypt were the well known pyramids built?

The Old Kingdom

this Pharaoh changed his name and founded a monotheistic religion with his wife.

Amenhotep (Akhenaton)

This Pharaoh was believed to have been the Pharaoh who tormented Moses

Ramses II

What is the Book of the Dead?

guide to the afterlife created by a scribe named Ani

Which culture does an obelisk belong to?

Ancient Egypt.

Which ancient culture pictured all humans in art with a side profile?

Ancient Egypt

Which civilization was a network of trading city-states throughout the Mediterranean?

The Phoenicians

What are the holy books of Judaism?

Torah and Talmud

Who is the founder of Judaism?

Abraham

What is the Exodus?

When the Israelites left Egypt after being enslaved.

Who was the hebrew leader that was given the ten commandments?

Moses

What is the New Covenant in Judaism?

An agreement god made with humans to be better people.

Who were the three kings?

Saul, David, Solomon

Which of the three kings founded the kingdom of israel?

Saul

Which king united the tribes of Israel?

David

Which Hebrew king built the temple in Jerusalem?

Solomon

This Persian leader allowed the Jews to return and rebuild the temple of Jerusalem

Cyrus

This Persian ruler is credited with building a massive empire and building the capital of persepolis.

Darius the great

What were the districts of the persian empire called?

Satraps

This persian leader was defeated by the greeks.

Xerxes

This indian river is important and has religious meaning.

The Ganges

The government in the Indus Valley was...

centralized and possibly a theocracy

Cities in the Indus Valley (Harrapa, Mohenjo-Daro) were

on a grid and had a sewage system

This Mauryan emperor unified and founded the empire.

Chandragupta

This Mauryan emperor spread Buddhism throughout his empire into East Asia.

Ashoka

This indian empire was credited as being India's golden age.

The gupta empire

The Gupta Empire focused on...

trade and getting rich

This group settled into the indus valley and caused chaos

The Aryans

Theocracy

a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.

Founder of Hinduism

No single founder

Hunduism sacred text

Vedas

Caste System

a set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person's occupation and economic potential, but also his or her position in society

The goal of the Hindus...

Achieve Moksha- ending reincarnation and stopping the cycle of death and rebirth

According to the buddhists the cause of suffering is..?

Desire

Goal of Buddhism

To achieve Nirvana

The founder of Buddhism was

Siddhartha Gautama

Holy text of Buddhism

Tripitaka

Therevada Buddhism

A type of Buddhism which focuses mainly on individual freedom from suffering and reincarnation.

Mahayana Buddhism

Also known as popular Buddhism, is allows people more ways to reach enlightenment and boddhisatvas can help you reach enlightenment.

Who is the Dalai Lama?

Leader of Tibetan Buddhism

Eight fold path to enlightenment is used by..?

Buddhists

This chinese dynasty was decentralized, worshipped ancestors, and used oracle bones.

Shang dynasty

This chinese dynasty was founded by king wu

Zhou dynasty

What is the dynastic cycle in China?

A pattern of chinese history in which a dynasty loses the mandate of heaven

What 2 philosophies were developed during the Zhou dynasty?

Daoism and Confucianism

Which chinese dynasty was the first to make silk?

Zhou dynasty

What was the text of Confucianism?

The Analects

Which Chinese philosophy stressed that social order, harmony, and good government could be restored by organizing society around five basic relationships?

Confucianism

who is the founder of daoism?

Laozi (Lao Tzu)

What are the texts of daoism?

Dao de Ching and the I ching

Which philosophy believed that less is more in relation to government?

Daoism

Who was the founder of legalism?

Han Fei

Two Handles of Government

Legalist idea. Do what you can to be rewarded, not punished.

Daoism, Confucianism, and legalism were created dueing this era

The warring states period

founder of the Qin dynasty and China's first emperor

QIn Shihuangdi

Was the QIn dynasty centralized or decentralized?

centralized

This chinese dynasty built the great wall and standardized many things across china.

Qin dynasty

This chinese dynasty was confucianist.

Han dynasty

Who founded the Han Dynasty?

Liu Bang

Wudi

Chinese emperor who brought the Han dynasty to its greatest strength through military conquests

What did the chinese civil service exam text citizens on?

Confucianist ideas.

Which chinese dynasty invented paper?

Han Dynasty

What was the capital of the Minoan civilization?

Knossos

What is the undeciphered language of the Minoan Civilization?

Linear A

This greek civilization was known for their love of art, sports, and their high status of women.

The Minoan civilization.

This greek civilization was known for having fighting city-states.

The Mycenaean civilization