Unit 8

actin-

ray

-agog-, -agogue

inducing the flow of, expelling

ambly-

dull, blunt

campt-

bent

cel-, celi-, coel-, -coel

cavity (esp. in the abdomen)

-cele

hernia, swelling

cente-

to puncture

doch-

to take, to receive, to contain

dolich-

long

gloss-, glott-, glot-

tongue

hapl-

single

ichthy-

fish

ischi-

hip

lal-

to talk

mel-

limb

my-, mys-, myos-

muscle

nem-, nemat-

thread

pen-

deficiency, lack

poie-

to make

presby-

old

rhaph-, -rrhaph-

to sew, to suture

-rrhag-

excessive discharge

stear-, steat-

fat

stern-

chest, breastbone

xer-

dry

brachy-

short

pyel-

pelvis (esp. of the kidney)

cardio, cardiovascular

related to the heart and blood vessels

cardio, cardiological

related to the study of the heart

lipo, liposuction

surgical removal of fat deposits via vacuum suction

mono, mononucleosis

an abnormally high number of mononuclear leukocytes in the blood

polio, poliomyelitis

infection of the gray matter of the spinal column or central nervous system

strep, streptococcus

a type of bacterial organism with spherical clusters linked together in a chain-like series (esp. of the infection strep throat)

cancer

so called because of the apparent resemblance of the spreading growth of tumors to the legs of a crab

capillary

used to describe blood vessels that are similar in shape to little hairs

hippocampus

a convoluted elevation of gray matter in the brain that helps with short-term memory and spatial awareness

lupus

name for a collection of disorders usually marked by a discoloration of the skin

pica

compulsive eating of non-nutritive substances, such as dirt or hair

polyp, polypus

originally a many-footed creature, but later used to indicate a nasal tumor

solar plexus

complex of nerves situated at the pit of the stomach

diet

manner of eating

intoxication

state of having ingested a poison

nausea

any feeling of sickness esp. with an inclination to vomit

physician

medical doctor

plague

an infectious disease

flu, influenza

an infectious viral disease

gonorrhea

a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, marked by the urethritis and purulent discharge from male sex organs was assumed to be semen

hypochondria, hypochondriasis

a disorder marked by a patient's unfounded belief that he or she is suffering from some serious illness

hysteria

a nebulous term used to describe various types of mental disturbance

malaria

an illness originally thought to be caused by the atmosphere around marshy areas, now used of a group of diseases caused by protozoans of the genus Plasmodium, transferred mostly via mosquitos

pituitary

once thought to secrete nasal mucus, the pituitary gland is now know to secrete important endocrine hormones

acne

possibly selected to describe the points of pimples

lymph

used of the transparent fluid found in the lymphatic system

migraine

from French migraine, derived ultimately from hemicrania, a headache characteristically affecting only one side of the head

palsy

an alteration through French of the original Greek form paralysis

convex-

vaulted, rounded

hallux-, halluc-

big toe

hern-

rupture

lumb-

loin

plant-

sole of the foot

radix-, radic-

root

scoli-

curved, bent

achilles tendon

a powerful tendon that attaches the lower muscles of the legs to the heel

atlas (vertebra)

the first or uppermost cervical vertebra, which articulates with the occipital bone above and supports the skull

caput Medusae

dilated cutaneous veins around the umbilicus

hymen

a membranous fold that partially or wholly occludes the external orifice of the vagina

mons Veneris

the mons pubis (pubic mound) of a woman, a rounded fleshy prominence over the pubic bone

chimerism

in genetics, the presence of the cells of different origin in an individual, whether by mutation, transplant, or some other process

gigantism

abnormal overgrowth or excessive in stature, named from the Giants

hermaphrodite

a person or animal with both male and female sex organs

narcissism

excessive self-interest or self-love

panic

acute, extreme anxiety, often leading to abnormal thinking or behavior

priapism

persistent abnormal erection of the penis, usually without any sexual desire

satyriasis

hypersexuality in a male

venereal

related to or transmitted by sexual contact of disease

ammonia

a colorless, water-soluble alkaline gas that can be toxic in high concentrations

aphrodisiac

a drug that increases sexual libido

atropine

a poisonous alkaloid occurring naturally in deadly nightshade

mercury

a metallic element that is a silvery white liquid at room temperature

morphine

the principal alkaloid of opium, used mainly as a narcotic analgesic

neptunium

a radioactive element obtained by splitting uranium atoms with neutrons

sphingosine

an amino alcohol serving as a major base of sphingolipids in mammals

coron-

crown

farc-, farct-

to stuff, to cram

isch-

to suppress

lu-, lut-

to wash

mitr-

bandage, waistband

ram-

branch

thromb-

clot

eustachian tube

a channel that establishes the connection between the nasopharynx and the tympanic cavity and serves to adjust the pressure in the cavity to external pressure

fallopian tube

a long, slender tube that extends from the upper lateral cornu of the uterus to the region of the ovary of the same side

galen vein

either of the internal cerebral veins or the great cerebral vein

islets of langerhans

microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine part

torcular Herophili

the confluence of the sinuses, at the back of the skull

alzheimer's disease

a progressive central neurodegenerative disorder marked by memory disturbance and personality changes, progressing to severe dementia

facies hippocratica

a shrunken, pale aspect of the countenance immediately before death

leishmaniasis

an infection caused by leishmania, a parasitic protozoon of worldwide distribution

listeriosis

an infection caused by listeria monocytogenes, a widespread pathogen in humans and animals

lou gehrig's disease

progressive degeneration of the motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord

parkinson's disease

a chronic, progressive neurological disorder marked by tremors, muscle rigidity, and slowing of voluntary movement