English Colonies and Catholic History

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers the history of Catholics in the English colonies, specifically focusing on Maryland, New York, and Pennsylvania, as well as key figures, conflicts, and religious laws.

Andrew White

A Jesuit priest who, along with John Altham, accompanied Maryland colonists on the Ark and the Dove and celebrated the first Mass on March 25, 1634.

The Ark and the Dove

The two ships that carried the original colonists to Lord Baltimore's colony in Maryland.

Leonard Calvert

The first governor of the Maryland colony and the Catholic brother of the proprietor.

Piscataways

The Native Americans to whom some Jesuit missionaries ministered in Maryland up to 1641.

Richard Ingle

An English Protestant tobacco trader who seized control of the Maryland colony in the winter of 1644-45 with his armed ship, The Reformation.

Thomas Copley

A Jesuit priest who was sent back to England in chains for treason but eventually returned to Maryland in 1648 and ministered there until his death in 1652.

Act of Toleration of 1649

An act concerning religious tolerance that Charles Calvert was ordered to restore following the Stuart restoration in 1660.

Jacobite

A supporter of the deposed James II and his descendants in their claim to the British throne after the Revolution of 1688.

Association of Arms

A group formed by Protestants for the defense of the Protestant religion who alleged that Catholics were plotting with Native Americans.

Old Bohemia

A Jesuit plantation used by priests under the guise of "gentlemen farmers" to circuit ride and minister semi-clandestinely to Catholics in various colonies.

Thomas Donegan

The Irish-born Catholic governor of New York who passed "A Charter of Liberties" in 1683 granting religious freedom.

John Tracy Ellis

The premier American Catholic Church historian who compared Thomas Donegan to free spirits like Roger Williams and William Penn.

St. Joseph's Church

A Philadelphia church opened in 1734 that was, for a time, the only Catholic church legally open for public worship in the British Empire.

1757 Act

A law passed by the Pennsylvania Assembly during the French-Indian War forbidding Catholics to possess or use firearms.

Garden of the Soul

A famous spiritual manual published by Richard Challoner in 1740 used by the faithful lay Church to maintain their faith during persecution.

Douay, France

The location where the English/Irish Catholic enclave was exiled and where many Catholic spiritual books were published.