HW9: Infective Endocarditis, Cardiac Tumors, Thrombus Quiz

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What is Infective Endocarditis?

microbial infection of the epicardium

microbial infection of the endothelial layer

microbial infection of the serous pericardium

microbial infection of the myocardium

microbial infection of the endothelial layer

What are the most common microbes or pathogens that cause Infective endocarditis?

Bacteria staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus viridans

myocarditis

Viral infection

HIV/AIDS

Bacteria staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus viridans

The signs and symptoms associated with Infective Endocarditis include all the following, EXCEPT:

flu-like symptoms; fever, night sweats, chills

Osler's nodes

negative blood culture

Fever of unknown origin

SOB, CP, tachycardia

new or changed murmur

negative blood culture

All the following are some risk factors associated with contracting Infective endocarditis, EXCEPT:

open wound

infected needle

heart disease complications

cardiac devices/catheters

dental procedure

cardiac imaging

cardiac imaging

All the following are some complications associated with Infective endocarditis, EXCEPT:

structural cardiac valve changes

All of these

embolism

heart failure

prosthetic valve dysfunction

acute/chronic valvular regurgitation and stenosis

All of these

Patients most at high risk of contracting Infective endocarditis include all the following, EXCEPT:

IV drug users

History of infective endocarditis

some serious congenital heart diseases and repaired congenital heart disease

prosthetic valve recipients

CAD

CAD

All the following are some echo findings associated with Infective endocarditis, EXCEPT:

hypokinetic LV function

thick, shaggy, swinging or pedunculated valvular appearance

probable valvular regurgitation

structural or hemodynamic cardiac changes

possible pericardial effusion

hypokinetic LV function

Cardiac tumors are categorized as primary, secondary, benign and malignant.

True

False

True

A myxoma is described as all the following, except:

usually mobile and moves with blood flow. (Pedunculated)

capable of detaching from stalk and becoming an embolism.

capable of producing physiologic MS or TS, and MR or TR

most common primary malignant cardiac tumor

usually attached by a ‘stalk’ to the interatrial septum

most common primary malignant cardiac tumor

A cardiac Lipoma is an encapsulated, well defined tumor composed of mature fat cells.

True

False

True

Some facts about a Papillary Fibroelastoma include all the following, except:

highly mobile mass; capable of embolism, stroke, valve dysfunction, arrhythmias, sudden death

closely resembles the chordae tendineae

most common malignant valvular tumor

Aortic valve, LVOT, anterior MV leaflet – most affected

most common malignant valvular tumor

What cardiac pathology does this represent?

Aortic valve vegetations

Thickened /calcified aortic valve

Thrombus

Fibroelastoma

Aortic valve vegetations

Which cardiac pathology is shown below?

Mitral annular calcification and AS

Mitral valve endocarditis and AS

Mitral stenosis

Constrictive pericarditis and AS

Mitral valve prolapse and AS

Mitral valve endocarditis and AS

What cardiac condition is demonstrated in this image?

LA thrombus

Metastatic tumor

LV myxoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma

LV Apical thrombus

LV Apical thrombus

Identify the cardiac pathology demonstrated in the image.

Right atrial myxoma

Mitral stenosis

Tricuspid endocarditis/vegetation

Tricuspid stenosis

Tricuspid endocarditis/vegetation

What cardiac condition is demonstrated in this image?

Non-compaction cardiomyopathy

Metastatic tumor

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

LV Apical thrombus

LV Apical myxoma

LV Apical thrombus

What cardiac condition is demonstrated in this image?

LA myxoma

Lipoma

LA thrombus

Angiosarcoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma

LA myxoma

Identify the cardiac pathology demonstrated in the image.

Aortic valve mass

Papillary fibroelastoma

Aortic stenosis

Aortic valve vegetation

Papillary fibroelastoma

What cardiac condition is demonstrated in this image?

Rhabdomyosarcoma

LA thrombus

LA myxoma

Lipoma

Angiosarcoma

LA myxoma

What cardiac condition is demonstrated in this image?

LV apical aneurysm

Non-compaction cardiomyopathy

LV Apical thrombus

Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

LV Apical thrombus

What cardiac condition is demonstrated in this image?

LV Apical thrombus

LA appendage thrombus

LA myxoma

LA appendage thrombus

What cardiac pathology does this m-mode represent?

Mitral stenosis

Left atrial myxoma

Aortic insuffiency

Infective endocarditis

Infective endocarditis

The different types of cardiac thrombus include all the following, EXCEPT:

single

layered

pedunculated

multilobulated

thickened

thickened

Virchow's Triad, the risk factors in the formation of a thrombus, include all the following, EXCEPT:

hypercoagulability

vessel wall injury

hyperdynamic wall motion

Blood stasis

hyperdynamic wall motion

Cardiac thrombus form in areas and are found in some pathologies including all the following, EXCEPT:

patients with significant LAE

areas of hypo-akinetic wall motion

Mitral stenosis/Atrial fibrillation

areas of stenosis

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

areas of stenosis