Certified Personal Trainer

Module 1 Chapter 1 Vocab

personal fitness trainer

personal fitness trainer can be defined as a person who educates and trains clients in the performance of safe and appropriate exercises to effectively lead them to optimal health

it is essential for personal trainers to be competent in the following topics and subjects:

• Exercise programming • Exercise physiology • Functional anatomy and biomechanics • Fitness assessments • Nutrition and supplementation • Common chronic diseases • Basic emergency and safety procedures • Psychological and physiological challenges throughout the stages of life • Human behavior and motivation

• BIOMECHANICS:

• The study of the mechanical laws governing movement of living organisms

• CHRONIC DISEASES:

• Conditions lasting a year or more that limits daily activities and/or require ongoing medical attention.

• TRAINING EFFECT:

• The body’s adaptation to the learned and expected stress imposed by physical activity

• When the body experiences the training effect, it begins to change at the cellular level, allowing more energy to be released with less oxygen. The heart and capillaries become stronger and more dispersed to allow a more efficient flow of oxygen and nutrients. The muscles, tendons, and bones involved with this activity also strengthen to become more proficient. In time, the body releases unnecessary fat from its frame, and movements become more efficient. Additionally, resting heart rate (RHR) and blood pressure drop

RHR

resting heart rate

• the basic principles of fitness training:

• overload, specificity, individual differences, reversibility, periodization, rest, overtraining, and stimulus variability

• metabolism—

• All of the chemical processes that occur in the body to support life including converting food into energy.

• HYPERTENSION:

• High blood pressure measuring more than 140/90 mm Hg.

• OBESITY:

• An abnormal or excessive accumulation of bodyfat that may cause additional health risks

• JOINT:

• An articulation between two bones in the body.

• CARTILAGE:

• Firm, flexible connective tissue that pads and protects joints and structural components of the body.

TENDONS:

Strong, fibrous cords made of collagen that attach muscle to bone.

• DIABETES:

• A condition characterized by an elevated level of glucose in the blood.

• LIGAMENTS:

• Short bands of tough but flexible fibrous connective tissue connecting two bones or cartilages or holding together a joint

• (CPR):

• CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR): An emergency procedure involving chest compressions and, often, artificial ventilation to circulate blood and preserve brain function in an individual in cardiac arrest.

• (AED):

• AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR (AED): A portable electronic device that can identify and electrically correct heart arrythmias, ventricular fibrillation, and tachycardia.

Osteoporosis

(fragile bones)

(PMS)

premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

intraocular hypertension

(the pressure buildup on the eyeball that heralds the onset of glaucoma).

HDL

(high-density lipoprotein, the “good” cholesterol)

LDL

LDL (low-density lipoprotein, the “bad” cholesterol)

synovial fluid

(fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints)