DNA Structure & Function in Genetics

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13 Terms

1

DNA

Self-replicating molecule regulating cellular activity.

2

Transformation

Process discovered by Griffith in bacteria.

3

Oswald Avery

Proved DNA causes transformation in bacteria.

4

Hershey-Chase Experiment

Confirmed genetic material is DNA in 1953.

5

Watson and Crick

Discovered DNA's double-helix structure in 1953.

6

Gene

Nitrogen base section controlling protein synthesis.

7

Directional Molecule

DNA replicates from 5' to 3' carbon direction.

8

Antiparallel Helices

Each DNA helix runs in opposite directions.

9

Histones

Proteins around which DNA coils to form chromosomes.

10

Nucleosomes

Bead-like structures formed by DNA and histones.

11

Chromatin

30 nm diameter fibers formed from nucleosomes.

12

Chromosome

Thickened structure formed from coiled chromatin.

13

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Technique to rapidly copy DNA segments.