US History Midterm #1

Progressive Era, WW1, 1920s

Muckrakers

Journalists who exposed corruption, scandal, and social problems during the Progressive Era

19th Amendment

Gave women the right to vote in 1920

Progressives

Believed industrialization and urbanization caused social problems and pushed for government reform

The Jungle/Upton Sinclair

Book exposing unsanitary meatpacking conditions; led to Meat Inspection and Pure Food and Drug Acts

1912 Election

Woodrow Wilson won because Roosevelt and Taft split the Republican vote

What were the causes of WWI?

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism (M.A.I.N.)

What spark started WWI?

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914

Fourteen Points

Woodrow Wilson’s peace plan to prevent future wars and create the League of Nations

What countries were Central Powers during WWI? Allies?

Allies: France, Russia, Britain, Italy, US

Central power: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria

Treaty of Versailles

Peace treaty ending WWI; blamed Germany and required huge reparations

Why US gets involved in WWI

German unrestricted submarine warfare, sinking of the Lusitania, and Zimmerman Telegram

Great Migration

Movement of African Americans from rural South to urban North for jobs and better opportunities

Consumerism in 1920s

People began buying goods on credit, advertising increased, and spending rose sharply

Assembly Line

Manufacturing method dividing work into simple tasks to increase speed and cut costs; perfected by Henry Ford

Reasons for stock market crash

Overproduction, buying on margin, speculation, and uneven wealth distribution

When was Great Depression?

Began with the stock market crash in 1929 and lasted through the 1930s

How high did unemployment get during Great Depression?

About 25% of Americans were unemployed at its peak

Prohibition

18th Amendment banned alcohol in 1920; led to bootlegging, speakeasies, and organized crime

Schenck v. United States

1919 Supreme Court case that ruled free speech could be limited during wartime (“clear and present danger”)

Which country dropped out of WWI?

Russia, after its 1917 revolution

Sacco and Vanzetti

Two Italian immigrants and anarchists executed for murder in 1927 amid unfair trial and prejudice

Flappers

Young women of the 1920s who defied traditional norms with fashion, behavior, and independence