epithelial cell function (K.M)

where are epithelial cells found? (lining what?)

lining body cavities and body surfaces

what are the functions of epithelial cells?

they form a protective barrier, form glands, regulate molecules exchange and absorb (idk what tho🗣️🔥)

what the basal lamina function?

holds the basal lateral region together of the epithelial cells together

what are the top, middle and bottom of the epithelial cell called? Is the entire cell the same functionally?

Apical. lateral and basal. No, different surfaces of the cell has different functionalities

whats the difference between epithelial and endothelial cells (location?)

epithelial- line internal and external surfaces of body

endothelial- A type of epithelial cell that lines inner surfaces of blood vessels

does the epithelial cell exhibit cell polarity?

yes (duh) = functional differnces of apical, lateral and basal

What are the 3 components found in the apical of the epithelium

Glycocalyx, cilia and microvilli

Wtf is the glycocalyx and its function? (hint: Epithelial and endothelial have diff function)

Carbohydrate coating.

Epitheial: cell-cell comms and recog

Endothelial: regulates vascular permeability

what is cilia and it’s function

Motile, short, hairlike, cytoplasmic structures that are capable of moving (wafting) particles/fluids along

What is micro villi and it’s bloody function

Irregular projections of the cell membrane. They increase surface area allowing for increased rate of absorption.

What is the basal region function

1. Adhesión of epithelial cells to ECM(I think extracellular matrix)

2. Acts a sieve(controls exit and entry of substances from cell

3. Controls cell organisation also

What is an example of a membrane protein causes disease

Cystic fibrosus ( faulty CFTR protein)

What is an example of a junction protein caused disease?

Mutation in E-Cadherin

explanation: cadherin allows cell-cell adhesion. E-Caherin allows epithelial cells to ‘stick’ together which stops proliferation(cell division). Mutation in E-Cadherin leads to loss of this adhesion, so cells continue to divide and leads to tumour = cancer

What is it called when cells stop dividing when they touch?

Cell contact inhibition

what are the 5 functuons of epithelial cells in the body?

1. barrier in skin

2. gas exchange in lungs

3. absorption

4. reabsorption

5. secretion

how does epithelial cells in skin act as a barrier

acts as barrier against microbes/chemicals

how do epicthelial cell in lungs facilitate gas exchange

special epithelial cells called type 1 pneumocytes line alveoli, which facilitates gas exchange

how do epithelial cells aid in absorption in gastrointestinal system

epithelial cells have microvilli which aid absorption (SA) and tight junctions so substances can move in one direcition and not between cells.

how do epithelial cells aid in kidneys?

reabsorption, they reabsorb AA and glucose and stuff idek anymore dude

how do epithelial cells aid in secretion in pancreas?

epithelial cells form glands which can secrete saliva and mucus . Epithelial cells involved in endocrine functions (hormones in blood) and exocrine (secretion directly to body surfaces/cavities so no blood)