chem periodic trends review

what is ionization energy?

the energy required to remove an electron from an atom

what is first ionization energy?

the energy required to remove the first electron from an atom

what is second ionization energy?

the energy required to remove an electron from an ion with a 1+ charge

what is electronegativity?

the measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond

how did Mendeleev arrange the periodic table?

in order of increasing atomic mass

how did Moseley arrange the periodic table?

in order of increasing atomic number

what is the shielding effect?

caused by the repulsion between kernel electrons and valence electrons

what are valence electrons?

the electrons in the HIGHEST energy level

what are kernel electrons?

the electrons not in the highest energy level

what is shielding?

electrons that lie between the nucleus and the electrons in highest energy level shield the outer electrons from the effect of nuclear charge

what is the trend for atomic size/radius?

it INCREASES when going DOWN a group and DECREASES when going across a PERIOD

what is the trend for ionization energy?

it DECREASES when going down a group and INCREASES when going across a period

what are properties for metals?

good conductors of heat and electric current, 80% of elements, higher lust, ductile, and malleable

what are properties for non-metals?

poor conductors of heat and electric current, gases at room temperature

what are properties for metalloids?

similar to metals and non-metals, controlled by changing conditions

what is coulombic attraction?

the attraction between oppositely charged particles

as the amount of charge increases…

the force of attraction increases

as the distance of separation of charge decreases…

the force of attraction increases

what is the name of group 17?

halogens

what is the name of group 1?

alkali metals

what is another name for the d block?

transition metals

what is the name of group 18?

noble gases

what is the name of group 2?

alkali earth metals

what is the name of group 4f 

lanthanides

what is the name of group 5f?

actinides

metals do what to get 8 valence electrons?

lose electrons

non-metals do what to get 8 valence electrons?

gain electrons

what is the periodic law?

elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number and there is a periodic repetition of their physical/chemical properties

what happens when atomic radius increases?

larger distance from nucleus to valence electrons and shielding is increased

what happens when atomic radius decreases?

greater nucleur charge