Race and ethnicity

race

categorization based on someone’s physical traits and ocasionally based on knowledge of ancestry

ethnicity

shared culture, ancestry and history which may also include shared language and religion

racism

attitudes and practices rooted in the belief that a race signifies superiority with others deemed inferior

scientific racism

the use of often flawed or prejudiced data to uphold beliefs about racial superiority or inferiority

genocide

the systemic and deliberate elimination of a social group, usually for reasons of race, culture, politics

minority groups

a group of people in a society who experience different and unequal treatment compared to the dominant or majority group

visible minority

persons, other than aboriginal peoples, who are non caucasian in race or non-white in colour

measure of ethnicity

• perception based

• people could have a certain ethnicity but identify as smth else

• canadian info on ethnicity is fluid

prejudice

an attitude that negatively judges people based on their group membership

stereotypes

a widely held and ovresimplified idea about members of a group

discrimination

the negative actions against a group of people based on their group membership

implicit bias

attitudes that can be favourable and unfavourable that unconsciously shape our understandings and actions

democratic racism

the coexistence of egalitarian values alongside discriminatory practices against racial minorities

systemic racism

• when policies and practices of existing social institutions systemically deny opportunities and equal rights to racial minority groups

• institutional racism

casual racism

• conduct that is subtle and seemingly harmless

• offensive cuz its rooted in negative stereotypes about a racial group

critical race theory

• racism is ingrained in the american social structure

• institutional racism is the dominant aspect of culture irrespective of individual perspectives

mechanisms of colonial control

• extinction

• expulsion

• containment

underground railroad

brought formerly enslaved people from the US to Canada

racialization

the process by which people become classified as a social group according to physical difference or cultural heritage

quebec values test

• requires new immigrants to affirm equality and secularism

• rooted in quebec’s quiet revolution

persistant overqualification

immigrants with uni degrees often work in jobs requiring only a high school education

integration

the process of groups and individuals becoming full participants in a new society while also retaining their original culture

symbolic ethnicity

• pride and allegiance with respect to one’s ethnicity

• without that culture being integrated into one’s everyday life

migrant workers

workers who are engaged in paid work in another country or area such as seasonal or temporary work

scapegoat

a person or social group wrongly blamed for problems and mistakes

dispora

the dispersal of people from a nation of origin to other parts of the world

what lowers integration scores

racialized minorties

status cues

• visual indicators of a person’s social position

• we categorize people based on status cues

audit studies

• compare 2 matching participants who only vary in 1 trait

• white vs black reasearch assistant job